本文關(guān)鍵詞： 閥控鉛酸蓄電池 監(jiān)測除硫修復(fù) 鎖相交流阻抗法 復(fù)合脈沖振蕩法　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：閥控鉛酸蓄電池(VRLA Battery, Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery)系統(tǒng)在工作時由于使用不當(dāng),經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)內(nèi)部劣化的情況。隨著蓄電池在電力系統(tǒng)中的重要性不斷提高,如何監(jiān)測蓄電池的劣化程度、如何有效對輕度劣化的蓄電池進(jìn)行修復(fù),成為了工作人員研究的熱門問題。設(shè)計(jì)蓄電池監(jiān)測與修復(fù)系統(tǒng),不僅降低了蓄電池的損壞風(fēng)險(xiǎn),還在一定程度上延長了蓄電池的壽命。另外,本系統(tǒng)也在節(jié)約成本和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面有著重要的意義。 蓄電池監(jiān)測與修復(fù)技術(shù)的主要研究可分為兩部分： 1.以深度放電法、電壓巡檢法、卡爾曼濾波法和內(nèi)阻測量法等方法為代表的蓄電池劣化監(jiān)測技術(shù)。 2.以水療法、大電流充電法和脈沖除硫法等方法為代表的蓄電池修復(fù)技術(shù)。 經(jīng)過理論研究和仿真分析,深度放電法、電壓巡檢法與卡爾曼濾波法等技術(shù)由于損害電池、監(jiān)測精度低和成本高等各種原因,不適合VRLA的劣化程度估計(jì)因此本文改進(jìn)了內(nèi)阻測量法,并將其作為蓄電池劣化監(jiān)測的核心技術(shù)。除此之外,還對水療法、大電流充電法和脈沖除硫法等方法進(jìn)行了比較,最終本文采用了不損害VRLA極板的改進(jìn)型脈沖除硫法作為蓄電池除硫修復(fù)的核心技術(shù)。 蓄電池的內(nèi)阻極小,在測量時難度很高。傳統(tǒng)的內(nèi)阻監(jiān)測方法測量誤差幾乎都在10%以上,大大影響了VRLA劣化程度的估計(jì)。本文針對這一問題,設(shè)計(jì)了基于鎖相放大器AD630的交流阻抗測量電路,在進(jìn)行計(jì)算和仿真后,將測量誤差控制在5%以內(nèi),提高了劣化程度監(jiān)測的準(zhǔn)確性。本文在最后通過現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)測量驗(yàn)證了系統(tǒng)的可靠性。 國內(nèi)外研究人員一直在除硫修復(fù)脈沖的頻率、波形以及幅值大小等問題上存在分歧。本文針對這些問題,通過查閱大量文獻(xiàn),選擇了一種頻率為8KHz、幅值為4.5V的波形作為修復(fù)脈沖。在仿真完成后,本文將除硫修復(fù)電路用于現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)測量,測量結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該除硫修復(fù)脈沖的可行性。 在進(jìn)行硬件設(shè)計(jì)后,本文完成了能夠使各模塊協(xié)調(diào)工作的控制系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)中包含了監(jiān)測模塊、修復(fù)模塊、電源模塊和上位機(jī)通信模塊。系統(tǒng)的完成使得監(jiān)測與修復(fù)模塊可以通過上位機(jī)直接控制。不僅如此,本文還使用了C++語言設(shè)計(jì)了上位機(jī)界面,方便了上位機(jī)對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行操作。
[Abstract]:The internal deterioration of Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batterysystem often occurs due to improper use. With the increasing importance of battery in power system, how to monitor the deterioration degree of battery, How to effectively repair the slightly degraded battery has become a hot issue for researchers. The design of battery monitoring and repair system not only reduces the risk of battery damage, It also prolongs the battery life to a certain extent. In addition, this system also has the important significance in the aspect of saving the cost and protecting the environment. The main research of battery monitoring and repairing technology can be divided into two parts:. 1. The methods of battery deterioration monitoring, such as depth discharge method, voltage inspection method, Kalman filter method and internal resistance measurement method. 2. Battery repair technology represented by hydrotherapy, high current charging and pulse desulphurization. Through theoretical research and simulation analysis, depth discharge method, voltage inspection method and Kalman filter method, etc., due to battery damage, low monitoring accuracy and high cost, etc. Therefore, this paper improves the internal resistance measurement method and regards it as the core technology of battery deterioration monitoring. In addition, the methods of hydrotherapy, high current charging and pulse desulphurization are compared. In the end, the improved pulse desulfurization method, which does not damage the VRLA plate, is adopted as the core technology of the battery desulfurization repair. The internal resistance of battery is very small, so it is very difficult to measure. The measurement error of traditional internal resistance monitoring method is almost above 10%, which greatly affects the estimation of VRLA deterioration degree. An AC impedance measurement circuit based on phase-locked amplifier (AD630) is designed. After calculation and simulation, the measurement error is controlled within 5%. The accuracy of deterioration degree monitoring is improved. Finally, the reliability of the system is verified by field data measurement. Researchers at home and abroad have been divided on the frequency, waveform and amplitude of sulfur removal and repair pulse. A waveform with a frequency of 8 KHz and a amplitude of 4.5 V is selected as the repair pulse. After the simulation is completed, the desulfurization repair circuit is used in the field data measurement, and the measurement results verify the feasibility of the desulfurization repair pulse. After the hardware design, this paper completes the control system which can make all the modules work harmoniously. The system includes monitoring module, repairing module, The completion of the system enables the monitoring and repair module to be directly controlled by the upper computer. Not only that, this paper also uses C language to design the upper computer interface, which makes it convenient for the upper computer to operate the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM912

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