本文關(guān)鍵詞： 光伏 逆變器 DSP 智能化 雙閉環(huán) MPPT　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,隨著我國能源結(jié)構(gòu)的逐步調(diào)整和國家政策的不斷改革,分布式小型光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電正在逐步向單位和個人開放,分布式并網(wǎng)發(fā)電即將成為光伏發(fā)電的主流。并網(wǎng)逆變器是光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),因此設(shè)計智能、高效、可靠的小型光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器,促進(jìn)分布式光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的普及與應(yīng)用,將具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文以DSP控制的2KW兩級式無變壓器光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器為設(shè)計目標(biāo),詳盡敘述了逆變器的設(shè)計過程。 首先,在分析了國內(nèi)外逆變器發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上確立了逆變器的目標(biāo)參數(shù),并根據(jù)目標(biāo)參數(shù)確立了整體設(shè)計方案。硬件部分：主電路采用兩級式無變壓器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)、控制電路選用了DSP2812作為主控芯片�？刂扑惴ú糠郑捍_立了最大功率點跟蹤(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)控制算法、并網(wǎng)逆變控制策略、鎖相環(huán)(Phase Locked Loop,PLL)同步鎖相算法、正弦脈寬調(diào)制(Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation, SPWM)生成與控制方式、PID控制算法。 接著分模塊對逆變器進(jìn)行了硬件電路設(shè)計,包括硬件總體結(jié)構(gòu)、DC/DC Boost升壓電路參數(shù)、DC/AC全橋逆變電路參數(shù)、DSP核心板、DSP控制底板、IGBT驅(qū)動板、反激式開關(guān)電源板的設(shè)計,給出了具體的參數(shù)設(shè)計推導(dǎo)過程和電路原理圖。 然后具體闡述了逆變器的MPPT控制算法、雙閉環(huán)并網(wǎng)逆變控制策略和SPLL控制算法。通過對擾動觀察法的改進(jìn)并結(jié)合DC/DC Boost升壓電路的特點,實現(xiàn)了變步長占空比擾動法的MPPT控制算法；以對稱規(guī)則采樣SPWM波生成方法和增量式PI算法為基礎(chǔ),在DC/AC全橋逆變電路中實現(xiàn)了基于SPWM的雙閉環(huán)并網(wǎng)逆變控制策略;利用DSP的CAP捕獲單元,分頻率跟蹤和相位同步兩部分,實現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)壓的SPLL控制算法。 最后對逆變器的軟件程序進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,包括DSP程序設(shè)計步驟和優(yōu)化方法、DSP資源分配、軟件總體規(guī)劃、主程序設(shè)計、子程序設(shè)計及ARM人機界面設(shè)計,給出了具體的軟件實現(xiàn)過程和程序流程圖。同時搭建了實驗平臺,對逆變器進(jìn)行了軟硬件集成實驗,得出了實驗結(jié)果,并對結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。 實驗結(jié)果表明所設(shè)計的逆變器基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計要求。
[Abstract]:At present, with the gradual adjustment of China's energy structure and the continuous reform of national policies, distributed small-scale photovoltaic grid-connected power generation is gradually opening to units and individuals. Grid-connected inverter is the key link of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system, so it is necessary to design intelligent, efficient and reliable small-scale photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. It will be of great practical significance to promote the popularization and application of distributed photovoltaic grid-connected generation system. In this paper, the design process of 2KW two-stage transformerless photovoltaic grid-connected inverter controlled by DSP is described in detail. Firstly, the target parameters of inverter are established on the basis of analyzing the current situation and key technologies of inverter at home and abroad. According to the target parameters, the overall design scheme is established. The hardware part: the main circuit adopts a two-stage transformer free topology, In the control circuit, DSP2812 is selected as the main control chip. Part of the control algorithm, the maximum Power Point tracking control algorithm, the grid-connected inverter control strategy, the phase-locked loop phase Locked Loop PLL synchronous phase-locking algorithm are established. Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) generation and control methods are used in pid control algorithm. Then, the hardware circuit of the inverter is designed, including the design of the DC / DC DC / DC Boost boost circuit parameters and the DC / AC full-bridge inverter circuit parameters such as the DSPs core board, the DSP control board, the IGBT drive board, the flyback switch power supply board, the design of the DC / AC full-bridge inverter circuit parameters and the design of the DC / AC full-bridge inverter circuit parameters. The design and derivation process of parameters and the circuit schematic diagram are given. Then, the MPPT control algorithm of inverter, double closed loop grid-connected inverter control strategy and SPLL control algorithm are introduced in detail. The disturbance observation method is improved and the characteristics of DC/DC Boost boost circuit are combined. The MPPT control algorithm of variable step duty cycle perturbation method is implemented, and based on the symmetric regular sampling SPWM wave generation method and incremental Pi algorithm, the double closed loop grid-connected inverter control strategy based on SPWM is implemented in the DC/AC full-bridge inverter circuit. The SPLL control algorithm of network voltage is realized by using the CAP acquisition unit of DSP, which is divided into two parts: frequency tracking and phase synchronization. Finally, the software program of the inverter is designed, including the steps and optimization methods of DSP programming, software master planning, main program design, subprogram design and ARM man-machine interface design. At the same time, the experiment platform is built, and the hardware and software integration experiment of the inverter is carried out, the experimental results are obtained and the results are analyzed. Experimental results show that the designed inverter basically meets the expected design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM464;TM615

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 應(yīng)戍狄;光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的單相并網(wǎng)逆變器研究[D];遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 周翔;3kW光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的研制[D];東華理工大學(xué);2015年

3 周婭;時間同步技術(shù)在無線傳感網(wǎng)中的應(yīng)用研究[D];安徽工程大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號：1528049