本文關(guān)鍵詞： 余壓 冷能 發(fā)電 螺桿膨脹機 模擬計算 實驗研究　出處：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球范圍內(nèi)能源供需矛盾和環(huán)境壓力的日益突出,完善能源回收利用體系,提高能源綜合利用效率已經(jīng)成為促進我國經(jīng)濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要舉措。我國工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中伴生有大量的余壓能未被有效利用,余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)可以將工質(zhì)余壓能轉(zhuǎn)化為高品質(zhì)的電能,直接用于生產(chǎn)或并入電網(wǎng),不受工藝、市場、運輸?shù)葪l件的限制,適應(yīng)性廣,是一種最實際可行且最可能大規(guī)模化應(yīng)用的余壓能利用方式,具有極大的市場潛力和經(jīng)濟效益。針對我國工業(yè)余壓資源利用現(xiàn)狀,本文就氣體余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進行深入研究。利用Aspen Plus軟件就天然氣輸運系統(tǒng)中的余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進行模擬計算,分析了系統(tǒng)運行的經(jīng)濟效益,證實了研究的實際可行性。編制的人機交互界面軟件,省掉了繁瑣的物性計算過程,可以方便地應(yīng)用于工程的前期設(shè)計計算。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計并搭建了10 kW余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)實驗裝置,進行實驗測試和驗證,為工業(yè)化余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計作指導。余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計選型,一定要做到工質(zhì)參數(shù)與機組性能恰當匹配,方可以使系統(tǒng)各設(shè)備的能力得以充分發(fā)揮,從而提高能量回收利用效率。余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)實驗裝置選擇螺桿膨脹機完成余壓能向機械能的轉(zhuǎn)化,系統(tǒng)發(fā)電量由工質(zhì)質(zhì)量流量、進口參數(shù)、出口背壓以及發(fā)電機效率等因素決定,其中膨脹機的轉(zhuǎn)速是影響系統(tǒng)發(fā)電效率的關(guān)鍵。實驗結(jié)果顯示2500 r/min是膨脹機運行的最佳轉(zhuǎn)速,此時系統(tǒng)效率最高,其有效效率可達0.57,系統(tǒng)?效率為0.51,空氣進出口實際溫降為56℃。建立余壓冷能聯(lián)合發(fā)電系統(tǒng),完成余壓發(fā)電系統(tǒng)與有機朗肯循環(huán)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的有機耦合,充分回收工業(yè)余壓能以及工質(zhì)膨脹降壓過程產(chǎn)生的優(yōu)質(zhì)冷能,同時還可以從低品位的熱源中獲取能量轉(zhuǎn)化為高品質(zhì)電能,具有極大的經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境效益,是一種余壓余熱利用的新方法,值得進行深入的研究。
[Abstract]:With the increasing contradiction between energy supply and demand and environmental pressure in the world, the energy recovery and utilization system has been improved. Improving the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of energy has become an important measure to promote the sustainable development of our country's economy and society. The surplus pressure power generation system can convert the excess pressure energy of the working fluid into high quality electric energy, which can be directly used to produce or merge into the power grid, without the restrictions of technology, market, transportation and so on, so it has wide adaptability. Is the most practical and feasible and most likely large-scale application of residual pressure energy utilization mode, with great market potential and economic benefits. In view of the current situation of utilization of industrial residual pressure resources in China, In this paper, the gas residual pressure power generation system is deeply studied. The simulation calculation of the gas residual pressure power generation system in the natural gas transportation system is carried out by using Aspen Plus software, and the economic benefit of the system operation is analyzed. The practical feasibility of the study is verified. The man-machine interface software is developed, which saves the complicated calculation process of physical properties. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the experimental device of 10kW surplus pressure generation system is designed and built, and the experimental test and verification are carried out. In order to guide the design of the industrial surplus pressure generation system, the design and selection of the surplus pressure generation system must match the working fluid parameters with the unit performance properly, so that the capacity of each equipment of the system can be brought into full play. In order to improve the efficiency of energy recovery and utilization, the experimental device of residual pressure generation system selects screw expander to complete the conversion of residual pressure energy to mechanical energy. The output back pressure and generator efficiency are determined, among which the speed of the expander is the key to the generation efficiency of the system. The experimental results show that 2500 r / min is the best speed of the expander, and the system efficiency is the highest. Its effective efficiency can reach 0.57, system? The efficiency is 0.51, and the actual temperature of air inlet and outlet drops to 56 鈩，

本文編號：1520632