本文關(guān)鍵詞： AGC AVC 無(wú)功電壓分區(qū) 擴(kuò)展潮流 靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定裕度　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了合理利用能源，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)保效益，國(guó)內(nèi)外電力系統(tǒng)快速向大機(jī)組、互聯(lián)電網(wǎng)、超高壓遠(yuǎn)距離輸電方向發(fā)展，導(dǎo)致電壓穩(wěn)定問(wèn)題日益突出，成為威脅現(xiàn)代電網(wǎng)安全穩(wěn)定的主要因素[1]。AGC (Automatic Generation Control，自動(dòng)發(fā)電控制)及AVC (Automatic Voltage Control，自動(dòng)電壓控制)系統(tǒng)的有功、無(wú)功控制行為對(duì)電網(wǎng)的電壓穩(wěn)定性有著深刻的影響[5]。本文對(duì)此進(jìn)行了深入研究，主要工作如下： 提出考慮區(qū)域發(fā)電機(jī)有效無(wú)功備用的AVC控制分區(qū)方法。AVC應(yīng)用于實(shí)際系統(tǒng)時(shí)，無(wú)功電壓分區(qū)是否合理對(duì)其控制效果至關(guān)重要，也間接影響系統(tǒng)的電壓穩(wěn)定程度�，F(xiàn)有分區(qū)方法僅依據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)間電氣耦合程度對(duì)電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行劃分，本文在其基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步考慮分區(qū)內(nèi)部的無(wú)功儲(chǔ)備要求，建立了優(yōu)化分區(qū)模型，目標(biāo)函數(shù)包括各分區(qū)無(wú)功電源的供電半徑平方和最小和發(fā)電機(jī)無(wú)功儲(chǔ)備最少的分區(qū)其有效無(wú)功備用值最大化兩個(gè)目標(biāo)，約束方面要求各分區(qū)滿足靜態(tài)無(wú)功平衡及連通性約束。針對(duì)所建模型的離散性特點(diǎn)，采用多目標(biāo)進(jìn)化規(guī)劃算法進(jìn)行求解，并在算法中引入隨機(jī)分區(qū)變量的自適應(yīng)變異策略及可行性調(diào)整策略以提高搜索效率。最后將分區(qū)方法應(yīng)用到IEEE39節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)中并于現(xiàn)有的研究進(jìn)行對(duì)比，證明了本文所提的AVC控制分區(qū)方法的有效性及優(yōu)越性。 提出計(jì)及機(jī)組頻率調(diào)節(jié)特性與二級(jí)電壓控制的聯(lián)合擴(kuò)展潮流計(jì)算方法。目前大多數(shù)靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定分析方法都基于潮流方程，其結(jié)果是否合理依賴于潮流模型對(duì)實(shí)際電網(wǎng)的反映能力。常規(guī)潮流雖過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)單、計(jì)算效率高，但求解已知條件相對(duì)固定且人為確定成分較多，難以有效用于實(shí)時(shí)電壓安全穩(wěn)定分析中。基于此，本文結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的考慮工頻特性潮流[64]及節(jié)點(diǎn)類型擴(kuò)展潮流[63]模型的特點(diǎn)，，對(duì)常規(guī)潮流模型進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。首先，系統(tǒng)中發(fā)電機(jī)根據(jù)各自頻率調(diào)節(jié)系數(shù)共同承擔(dān)不平衡功率，相比常規(guī)潮流僅靠平衡節(jié)點(diǎn)來(lái)承擔(dān)網(wǎng)損的處理方式更符合系統(tǒng)實(shí)際。其次，通過(guò)對(duì)中樞節(jié)點(diǎn)和受控發(fā)電機(jī)節(jié)點(diǎn)的建模及引入?yún)^(qū)域無(wú)功協(xié)調(diào)方程，考慮了二級(jí)電壓控制對(duì)潮流分布的影響。并綜合考慮受控發(fā)電機(jī)的無(wú)功裕度及其與中樞節(jié)點(diǎn)間的電氣距離來(lái)協(xié)調(diào)區(qū)域內(nèi)無(wú)功電源的出力，使得無(wú)功分布更加合理。最后，通過(guò)算例仿真證明了本文模型的合理性及優(yōu)越性。 在上述研究基礎(chǔ)上，提出計(jì)及AGC與AVC控制作用的靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定分析方法。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有的基于連續(xù)潮流的靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定研究在負(fù)荷增長(zhǎng)方向、發(fā)電機(jī)有功分配方式及系統(tǒng)無(wú)功控制等的模擬中存在較多偏離系統(tǒng)實(shí)際運(yùn)行情況的假設(shè)，從而導(dǎo)致計(jì)算出的負(fù)荷裕度無(wú)法真實(shí)反映系統(tǒng)實(shí)際的電壓穩(wěn)定程度，本文做了如下研究：首先，為了使連續(xù)潮流的負(fù)荷增長(zhǎng)方式更符合實(shí)際情況，利用實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度中的超短期負(fù)荷預(yù)測(cè)曲線，通過(guò)線性擬合確定各節(jié)點(diǎn)的負(fù)荷增長(zhǎng)系數(shù)；其次，在發(fā)電機(jī)有功出力分配方面，考慮了機(jī)組的一次調(diào)頻與AGC的共同作用，因而更貼近實(shí)際系統(tǒng)的有功調(diào)度方式。再次，模型計(jì)及了隨著負(fù)荷增長(zhǎng)AVC控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓的調(diào)整作用，并在模擬AVC控制策略時(shí)考慮了連續(xù)控制變量與離散設(shè)備的無(wú)功協(xié)調(diào)問(wèn)題。最后，以IEEE39節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)為例進(jìn)行了仿真計(jì)算，分析了上述因素對(duì)靜態(tài)電壓穩(wěn)定裕度的影響，并通過(guò)與現(xiàn)有研究的結(jié)果對(duì)比分析，證明了所提方法的有效性和優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:In order to make rational use of energy, improve the economic benefit of environmental protection, power system at home and abroad to large units, interconnected power grid, UHV long distance transmission direction, leading to voltage stability problems have become increasingly prominent, has become the main factors of [1].AGC security and stability of modern power grid (Automatic Generation threat Control, automatic generation control (Automatic) and AVC Voltage Control, automatic voltage the control system of active power and reactive power) control the voltage stability of power grid has the profound influence of [5]. conducted a thorough study, the main work is as follows:
Put forward the effective reactive power reserve generator considering regional AVC control.AVC partitioning method is applied to the actual system, voltage and reactive power partition is reasonable is very important to its control effect, but also indirectly affect the voltage stability of system. The existing partition method is only based on the degree of coupling between nodes on the grid Electrical Division, this paper on the basis of further consideration reactive power reserve requirements within the established optimization partition, partition model, the objective function including the partition of reactive power supply radius and minimum square and generator reactive power reserve minimum partition the effective reactive power reserve value maximization two objectives, constraints requires each partition satisfy the static reactive power balance and connectivity constraints for. The model of the discrete characteristics, using multi-objective evolutionary programming algorithm to solve the problem, and the introduction of random variables in the partition algorithm in the adaptive mutation strategy And the feasibility adjustment strategy to improve the search efficiency. Finally, the partition method is applied to the IEEE39 node system. Compared with the existing research, it proves the effectiveness and superiority of the AVC control partition method proposed in this paper.
The regulation characteristics combined with extended power flow calculation method of two level voltage control unit and frequency meter. At present most of the static voltage stability analysis method based on power flow equations, the results are reasonable or not depends on the current model of a real power system. Although the ability to reflect the trend of conventional process is simple, high computational efficiency, but the solution of known conditions are relatively fixed and human to determine the composition of the more difficult to effectively for the analysis of real time voltage security and stability. Based on this, this paper consider the characteristics of power frequency characteristics and node type [64] trend to expand the trend of the [63] model, the conventional power flow model is improved. Firstly, the system generator according to their frequency regulation factor share the unbalanced power, compared to the conventional power flow alone to undertake the processing way to balance the node network loss is more consistent with the actual system. Secondly, based on the central node and controlled generator The node modeling and introducing regional reactive power coordination equation, two level voltage control on power flow distribution is considered. And considering the electrical distance controlled generator reactive power margin and central node to coordinate the output reactive power supply area, the reactive power distribution is more reasonable. Finally, through the simulation example to prove the rationality and superiority of the proposed model.
On the basis of the above study, static voltage stability and control effect of AGC and AVC analysis method is proposed. According to the continuous trend of the static voltage stability of load in the growth direction based on the existing, there are more deviation from the actual operation of the system simulation hypothesis generator active and reactive power control and distribution system, which leads to calculate the load margin can not reflect the actual degree of voltage stability, this paper has done the following research: first, in order to load growth mode of continuous power flow more in line with the actual situation, the use of ultra short term load forecasting curve in real-time scheduling, each node of the load growth coefficient determined by linear fitting; secondly, the distribution of active power output, a function of a FM and AGC unit is taken into account, thus closer to the active power dispatching mode of actual system. Thirdly, the model of The effect of load increase with the adjustment of AVC control system on the node voltage, and the reactive power coordination problem of the continuous control variables and discrete devices in the simulation of AVC control strategy. Finally, an example of IEEE39 bus system was simulated and analyzed the influence of above factors on static voltage stability margin, and through comparison with the existing research results, validity and superiority of the proposed method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM712

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本文編號(hào)：1500043