本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超級電容器 煤焦油渣 四氧化三鐵 鉬酸亞鐵石墨烯 鐵酸鈷鎳 碳納米管　出處：《西南科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：超級電容器是一種新型的儲能元件,它具有比傳統(tǒng)電容器更高的能量密度和比電池更高的功率密度,有望實現(xiàn)高倍率放電。電極材料是決定超級電容器性能的最主要因素。超級電容器電極材料主要包括碳材料、導(dǎo)電聚合物和金屬氧化物等。碳材料具有比表面積大、導(dǎo)電性高、化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性高等優(yōu)點,但比電容較低；導(dǎo)電聚合物和金屬氧化物具有較大的比電容,但循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性較差。因此添加碳材料至導(dǎo)電聚合物或金屬氧化物制備其復(fù)合物,從而獲得高性能超級電容器電極材料,已成為目前研究的熱點。 本論文制備了三種碳材料與金屬氧化物的復(fù)合物材料,并對其形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)以及電化學(xué)性能進行研究,具體研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)采用KOH化學(xué)活化煤焦油渣,再在N2保護下高溫煅燒制備具有三維結(jié)構(gòu)且富氧的活性炭。采用簡單的化學(xué)沉淀法制備活性炭與Fe3O4的復(fù)合物,并用作超級電容器電極材料。在1.0mol dm-3的Na2SO3溶液中測試了它的電化學(xué)性能,結(jié)果表明,Fe3O4/AC復(fù)合物的比電容在電流密度3.0A g-1時達到150Fg-1,遠高于單獨的Fe304和AC電極材料,并且Fe3O4/AC復(fù)合物具有較好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,完成1000次循環(huán)充放電后幾乎沒有發(fā)生比電容的衰減。 (2)采用簡單的水熱合成法制備了FeMoO4/RGO復(fù)合物,并將其用作超級電容器電極材料。采用SEM和XRD對所制備材料的形貌和結(jié)構(gòu)進行表征；通過循環(huán)伏安、計時電位和電化學(xué)阻抗法對所制備材料的電化學(xué)性能進行考察,電解液為1.0mol dm-3的Na2SO3溶液。結(jié)果表明,FeMoO4/RGO復(fù)合物的比電容在電流密度1.0Ag-1時達到135Fg-1遠高于單獨的FeMoO4和RGO電極材料,分別為96Fg-1和66Fg-1。而且相較FeMoO4和RGO, FeMoO4/RGO復(fù)合物具有更低的電阻和更長的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。 (3)采用濃硝酸和濃硫酸混合液回流處理碳納米管,對其進行改性,采用簡單的水熱合成法制備NiCoFe2O4/CNT復(fù)合物,并對其電化學(xué)性能進行研究,電解液為6.0mol dm-3的KOH溶液。結(jié)果表明,NiCoFe2O4/CNT復(fù)合物的比電容在電流密度0.5Ag-1時達到145Fg-1,遠高于單獨的NiCoFe2O4和CNT電極材料,分別為121Fg-1和35Fg-1。而且NiCoFe2O4/CNT復(fù)合物在500次循環(huán)充放電后的比電容保持率達到85.8%。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitor is a new energy storage element , which has higher energy density and higher power density than traditional capacitor . It is expected to realize high multiplying power discharge . The electrode material mainly includes carbon material , conductive polymer and metal oxide . The electrode material has the advantages of large specific surface area , high conductivity , high chemical stability and the like . The composite materials of three kinds of carbon materials and metal oxides were prepared , and their morphology , structure and electrochemical properties were studied . The results show that the specific capacitance of Fe3O4 / AC composite reaches 150fg - 1 when the current density is 3.0A g - 1 , far higher than that of the separate Fe304 and AC electrode materials , and the Fe3O4 / AC composite has good cycle stability . ( 2 ) The FeMoO4 / RGO composite was prepared by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method . The morphology and structure of the prepared materials were characterized by SEM and XRD . The results showed that the specific capacitance of FeMoO4 / RGO composite was higher than that of the single FeMoO4 and RGO electrode materials at the current density of 1.0Ag - 1 . The results showed that the specific capacitance of FeMoO4 / RGO composite was higher than that of the individual FeMoO4 and RGO electrode materials , and the phase was higher than that of FeMoO4 and RGO , and the FeMoO4 / RGO composite has lower resistance and longer cycle stability . ( 3 ) The carbon nanotubes were treated with concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid . The NiCoFe2O4 / CNT composite was prepared by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method . The electrochemical properties of NiCoFe2O4 / CNT composites were studied . The results showed that the specific capacitance of the NiCoFe2O4 / CNT composite reached 145 fg - 1 at the current density of 0.5Ag - 1 , which was much higher than that of the individual NiCoFe2O4 and CNT electrode materials . The ratio of the NiCoFe2O4 / CNT composite to 500 cycles was 85.8 % .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM53;TQ317

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 涂亮亮;賈春陽;;導(dǎo)電聚合物超級電容器電極材料[J];化學(xué)進展;2010年08期

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本文編號：1496695