本文關(guān)鍵詞： 擾動(dòng)傳播 WAMS 分段均勻模型 擾動(dòng)到達(dá)時(shí)間 擾動(dòng)定位　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：擾動(dòng)是破壞電網(wǎng)安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的直接誘因,如何分析擾動(dòng)影響的范圍、程度進(jìn)而進(jìn)行安全控制對(duì)于提高電網(wǎng)安全水平具有重要作用。隨著電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量的不斷增加,傳統(tǒng)分析方法基于電磁波傳遞的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)方程,不能直接給出擾動(dòng)空間傳播信息,并且難以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)多機(jī)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的問題。針對(duì)此問題,論文將空間信息引入描述系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)的微分代數(shù)方程中,用機(jī)電波理論刻畫擾動(dòng)的時(shí)空傳播機(jī)理。在揭示擾動(dòng)機(jī)電波傳遞機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用實(shí)測(cè)PMU相量軌跡信息,辨識(shí)系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)類型、位置、發(fā)生時(shí)刻及機(jī)電波傳遞參數(shù),以針對(duì)實(shí)際擾動(dòng)和辨識(shí)出的機(jī)電波傳播參數(shù),預(yù)測(cè)系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)傳播規(guī)律,提前采取安全控制措施。本論文的主要工作和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)為：提出了適用于擾動(dòng)傳播研究的鏈?zhǔn)诫娋W(wǎng)模型與實(shí)際電網(wǎng)空間框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型。構(gòu)建了發(fā)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量作用域并提出非均勻鏈?zhǔn)诫娋W(wǎng)的分段均勻介質(zhì)模型,推導(dǎo)了擾動(dòng)傳播方程和對(duì)應(yīng)的解析解。在鏈?zhǔn)诫娋W(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上,提取了實(shí)際電網(wǎng)機(jī)電波傳播特征,提出了沿傳播路徑逐級(jí)對(duì)稱分布的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量處理方法,構(gòu)建了具有分段均勻參數(shù)的電網(wǎng)空間框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型,并證明了所提模型的正確性。從頻率的角度揭示了擾動(dòng)在電網(wǎng)中傳播的幅值、相位變化規(guī)律。提出波動(dòng)傳遞函數(shù)以定量刻畫機(jī)電波波幅、相位在離散慣量模型中的變化規(guī)律；分析了不同頻率擾動(dòng)信號(hào)的傳播特性,提出了擾動(dòng)傳播的轉(zhuǎn)折頻率,揭示了頻散現(xiàn)象和局部振蕩現(xiàn)象與轉(zhuǎn)折頻率的定量關(guān)系,最終為基于WAMS的擾動(dòng)辨識(shí)奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。提出了一種基于WAMS數(shù)據(jù)的擾動(dòng)在線定位方法。揭示了系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)時(shí)頻率的短周期波動(dòng)特性及擾動(dòng)到達(dá)后的單調(diào)升降特性,提出了基于滑動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)窗的機(jī)電波到達(dá)時(shí)間判別函數(shù)及判斷準(zhǔn)則,采用Floyd算法構(gòu)建了由不同故障點(diǎn)擾動(dòng)傳播時(shí)間組成的參考時(shí)間矩陣,利用擾動(dòng)到達(dá)的時(shí)序特征提出了有序最小距離分類器辨識(shí)擾動(dòng)位置。本算法大大縮小了搜索空間,能夠滿足在線應(yīng)用的要求。提出了一種擾動(dòng)到達(dá)時(shí)間預(yù)測(cè)算法,為基于擾動(dòng)傳播理論進(jìn)行電網(wǎng)主動(dòng)安全控制提供了重要決策信息。構(gòu)建了框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型對(duì)應(yīng)的無向賦權(quán)圖和以各段線路中機(jī)電波傳播時(shí)間為權(quán)值的鄰接矩陣。提出基于Dijkstra算法的擾動(dòng)到達(dá)時(shí)間及最快傳播路徑搜索算法。同時(shí),進(jìn)一步分析了擾動(dòng)傳播中的正、負(fù)反射現(xiàn)象對(duì)機(jī)電波到達(dá)時(shí)間的影響機(jī)理,并提出了實(shí)測(cè)擾動(dòng)到達(dá)門檻值的選擇方法。
[Abstract]:Disturbance is the direct inducement to destroy the safe and stable operation of power grid. How to analyze the range of disturbance. The degree of security control plays an important role in improving the security level of power grid. With the increasing number of interconnected nodes, the traditional analysis method is based on the dynamic equation of electromagnetic wave transmission system. It is difficult to accurately predict the stability of multi-machine systems. In order to solve this problem, the spatial information is introduced into the differential algebraic equations to describe the dynamics of the system. On the basis of revealing the mechanism of electromechanical wave transmission of disturbance, the PMU phasor locus information is used to identify the disturbance type and position of the system. The time of occurrence and the parameters of electromechanical wave transmission are used to predict the disturbance propagation law of the system according to the actual disturbance and the identified electromechanical wave propagation parameters. Safety control measures should be taken in advance. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:. A chain power network model and a real grid spatial frame structure model are proposed for the study of disturbance propagation. The rotational inertia domain of generator is constructed and the piecewise uniform medium model of non-uniform chain power network is proposed. The perturbation propagation equation and the corresponding analytical solution are derived. Based on the chain power network, the characteristics of electromechanical wave propagation are extracted, and the rotational inertia processing method is proposed, which is distributed symmetrically step by step along the propagation path. The spatial frame structure model with piecewise uniform parameters is constructed, and the correctness of the proposed model is proved. The amplitude of disturbance propagating in the power network is revealed from the angle of frequency. The wave transfer function is proposed to describe the amplitude of electromechanical wave and the variation of phase in discrete inertia model. The propagation characteristics of disturbance signals with different frequencies are analyzed and the transition frequency of disturbance propagation is proposed. The quantitative relationship between frequency dispersion phenomenon and local oscillation phenomenon and turning frequency is revealed. Finally, the theoretical foundation of disturbance identification based on WAMS is established. A disturbance on-line location method based on WAMS data is proposed. The short-period fluctuation characteristics of steady state frequency and the single disturbance after arrival are revealed. Adjust up and down characteristics. Based on the sliding data window, the time of arrival (DOA) of electromechanical wave is determined and the Floyd algorithm is used to construct the reference time matrix which is composed of the disturbance propagation time of different fault points. An ordered minimum distance classifier is proposed to identify the disturbance location using the time-series feature of disturbance arrival. The search space is greatly reduced by this algorithm. It can meet the requirements of online applications. A disturbance time of arrival prediction algorithm is proposed. This paper provides important decision information for active security control of power network based on disturbance propagation theory. The undirected weighted graph corresponding to frame structure model and the adjacent matrix with the weight of electromechanical wave propagation time in each transmission line are constructed. The Dijkstra algorithm based on the disturbance arrival time and the fastest path search algorithm is proposed. At the same time. Furthermore, the influence mechanism of positive and negative reflection on the arrival time of electromechanical wave is analyzed, and the method of selecting the threshold of disturbance arrival is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM712

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