本文關(guān)鍵詞： 開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī) 轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng) 非線性 有限元分析 靜態(tài)特性　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)(SRM)因其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、成本低廉、調(diào)速范圍廣等突出特點(diǎn)而廣受企業(yè)和研究人員的關(guān)注,但轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)和噪聲也是其兩大不可忽視的缺點(diǎn)。為了提高開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的性能,拓寬其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)抑止研究和控制參數(shù)優(yōu)化成為開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)深入研究的熱點(diǎn),而電磁特性的精確計(jì)算則是其中的重要基礎(chǔ)。開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)以及電磁材料的非線性導(dǎo)致其內(nèi)部電磁場(chǎng)是高度非線性變化的,加之磁場(chǎng)復(fù)雜的邊界條件,選擇合適的計(jì)算模型和方法尤為重要,而有限元法(FEM)無(wú)疑是一種有效的手段,為此采用ANSYS軟件對(duì)開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)電磁場(chǎng)進(jìn)行有限元計(jì)算。根據(jù)樣機(jī)提供的基本數(shù)據(jù),再通過(guò)電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式可以計(jì)算出開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的具體結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),這些參數(shù)為構(gòu)建有限元模型提供幾何數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)ANSYS有限元求解和后處理得到的各磁場(chǎng)參數(shù)分布云圖,可以得出開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的電磁場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律是非線性的,各磁場(chǎng)參數(shù)的具體值不僅與繞組電流有關(guān),還隨著轉(zhuǎn)子的位移角變化而變化。開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)靜態(tài)特性的計(jì)算基礎(chǔ)是磁化曲線(Ψ-i-θ曲線)。基于電磁場(chǎng)的基本理論和方程,利用ANSYS內(nèi)部的宏命令可以計(jì)算不同電流密度載荷以及不同轉(zhuǎn)子位移角時(shí)的磁鏈,得到磁化曲線。通過(guò)對(duì)磁化曲線的分析可以得出開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的磁鏈?zhǔn)请S電流和轉(zhuǎn)子位移角而非線性變化,并且變化趨勢(shì)還受到磁路飽和效應(yīng)的影響。通過(guò)對(duì)在磁化曲線基礎(chǔ)上得出的轉(zhuǎn)矩特性分析可知,開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩在初始位置達(dá)到了最大,開(kāi)通角提前開(kāi)啟可以使開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)達(dá)到最大的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩;轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)與電流的大小有關(guān),電流越大波動(dòng)幅度越大,轉(zhuǎn)矩特性曲線變化趨勢(shì)也越劇烈。電流密度為3A/mm2時(shí),電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩的峰值最小,轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)最小,轉(zhuǎn)矩特性曲線也最為平滑;電流密度為7A/mm2時(shí),電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩的峰值最大,轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)也最大,轉(zhuǎn)矩特性曲線變化趨勢(shì)最劇烈;電流密度為5A/mm2時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)矩峰值和波動(dòng)介于兩者之間,開(kāi)關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)既具有較大的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩,又具有較小的轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor (SRM) has attracted the attention of enterprises and researchers because of its simple structure, low cost and wide speed range. In order to improve the performance of switched reluctance motor (SRM) and broaden its application field, torque ripple and noise are also two shortcomings that can not be ignored. Torque ripple suppression and control parameter optimization have become a hot spot in the research of switched reluctance motor (SRM). The accurate calculation of electromagnetic characteristics is an important foundation. The special structure of switched reluctance motor and the nonlinearity of electromagnetic materials lead to the highly nonlinear variation of the internal electromagnetic field. In addition, due to the complex boundary conditions of magnetic field, it is very important to choose the appropriate calculation model and method, and the finite element method (FEMM) is undoubtedly an effective method. For this reason, the electromagnetic field of switched reluctance motor is calculated by using ANSYS software, and the basic data provided by the prototype are given. Then the structural parameters of switched reluctance motor can be calculated by the empirical formula of motor design. These parameters provide geometric data for building the finite element model. The distribution of magnetic field parameters is obtained by ANSYS finite element solution and post-processing. It can be concluded that the electromagnetic field distribution law of switched reluctance motor is nonlinear, and the specific value of each magnetic field parameter is not only related to winding current. The static characteristics of switched reluctance motor (SRM) are calculated on the basis of magnetization curve (蠄 -i- 胃 curve), based on the basic theory and equation of electromagnetic field. The flux chains with different current density loads and different rotor displacement angles can be calculated by using the macro commands in ANSYS. Through the analysis of the magnetization curve, it can be concluded that the flux of switched reluctance motor is nonlinear with the current and rotor displacement angle. And the change trend is also affected by the saturation effect of magnetic circuit. Through the analysis of torque characteristics obtained on the basis of magnetization curve, the torque of switched reluctance motor reached the maximum in the initial position. The switched reluctance motor can reach the maximum electromagnetic torque in a short time by opening the switch angle in advance. Torque ripple is related to the magnitude of current. The larger the current is, the more the variation trend of torque characteristic curve is. When the current density is 3A / mm2, the peak value of electromagnetic torque is the minimum, and the torque fluctuation is minimum. The torque characteristic curve is the smoothest. When the current density is 7A / mm2, the peak value of electromagnetic torque is the biggest, the torque ripple is the biggest, and the change trend of the torque characteristic curve is the sharpest. When the current density is 5A / mm2, the torque peak and fluctuation are between them. The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has both larger electromagnetic torque and smaller torque ripple.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM352

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本文編號(hào)：1460971