發(fā)布時間：2018-01-19 23:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 風(fēng)光互補 反滲透 設(shè)計計算 遺傳算法 優(yōu)化　出處：《上海海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：人類社會的生存發(fā)展離不開兩個重要的條件——水與能源，然而地球上的總體水資源中只有3%是可以供人使用的，世界上正有25%的人口無法喝到足夠的淡水。同時，隨著全球氣候變暖，干旱與沙漠增多，人口數(shù)量增多，環(huán)境污染等等問題日趨嚴(yán)重，現(xiàn)有可用淡水資源越來越少，而對水的需求卻與日俱增。我國是一個淡水資源嚴(yán)重缺乏的國家，從取之不盡用之不竭的海水來獲取淡水，并使淡水在低成本內(nèi)較長時間大量存儲，是解決水資源短缺的重要手段之一。但是，海水淡化是高能耗產(chǎn)業(yè)，隨著傳統(tǒng)能源短缺問題日益凸顯，可再生能源的利用得到了廣泛的關(guān)注，其中，太陽能和風(fēng)能發(fā)電技術(shù)也逐漸成熟。利用風(fēng)光互補為海水淡化提供能源供給，是同時解決水資源和傳統(tǒng)能源危機(jī)的有效途徑。 本文首先綜述了新能源在海水淡化領(lǐng)域的利用情況、風(fēng)光互補發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及海水淡化設(shè)備的研究發(fā)展趨勢，提出開發(fā)具有較為成熟基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)的風(fēng)光互補海水淡化工程意義重大。 然后將完整系統(tǒng)分成兩大主要模塊進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹，即風(fēng)光互補供電模塊和海水淡化模塊，詳細(xì)論述了完整風(fēng)光互補反滲透海水淡化系統(tǒng)的組成和工作原理。 其次，，以地域開闊及常年風(fēng)能資源豐富的上海臨港為工程設(shè)計背景，考慮風(fēng)能和太陽能的分布特點，對風(fēng)光互補發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行匹配性設(shè)計，采用相關(guān)軟件模擬水處理計算，并利用局部尋優(yōu)法簡單找出較為合適的匹配方案。 最后引入符合風(fēng)光互補反滲透的遺傳算法，以全生命周期投資成本為目標(biāo)函數(shù)，在全狀態(tài)空間計算出最優(yōu)的系統(tǒng)匹配方案。 由于風(fēng)光互補反滲透海水淡化裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)非常復(fù)雜，影響其運行的因素非常多，本文從理論設(shè)計的角度，以實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)功能同時降低成本為目標(biāo)，完善整理一套計算方法，對系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與動態(tài)優(yōu)化方面做了更深的思考和探索，提出了一些裝置設(shè)計的原則。
[Abstract]:The survival and development of human society can not be separated from two important conditions-water and energy. However, only 3% of the total water resources on the earth can be used by human beings. 25% people in the world are unable to drink enough fresh water. At the same time, with the global warming, drought and desert increase, population increase, environmental pollution and other problems are increasingly serious. The available freshwater resources are becoming less and less, but the demand for water is increasing. China is a country with a serious shortage of freshwater resources, from the inexhaustible seawater to obtain fresh water. It is one of the important methods to solve the shortage of water resources. However, seawater desalination is a high energy consumption industry, with the traditional energy shortage increasingly prominent. The use of renewable energy has been widely concerned, among which solar and wind power generation technology is gradually maturing. The use of solar energy to provide energy supply for desalination. It is an effective way to solve the crisis of water resources and traditional energy at the same time. In this paper, the utilization of new energy in seawater desalination field, the current situation of solar power generation system and the research trend of seawater desalination equipment are reviewed in this paper. It is of great significance to develop the complementary sea water desalination project with mature basic technology. Then the whole system is divided into two main modules in detail, that is, wind power supply module and seawater desalination module. The composition and working principle of the complete scenery complementary reverse osmosis seawater desalination system are discussed in detail. Secondly, based on the engineering design background of Shanghai Lingang, which has open area and abundant wind energy resources all year round, considering the distribution characteristics of wind and solar energy, the matching design of wind-wind complementary power generation system is carried out. The relevant software is used to simulate the calculation of water treatment, and the local optimization method is used to find out the more suitable matching scheme. Finally, the optimal system matching scheme is calculated in the whole state space with the objective function of the whole life cycle investment cost by introducing the genetic algorithm which accords with the complementary reverse osmosis of wind and wind. Because of the complex structure and many factors affecting the operation of the wind complementary reverse osmosis seawater desalination plant, this paper aims to realize the system function and reduce the cost from the angle of theoretical design. In this paper, a set of calculation method is perfected, and the system design and dynamic optimization are considered and explored, and some principles of device design are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P747;TM61

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本文編號：1445876