本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無刷直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng) 可靠性 FMEA 故障樹 可靠性仿真　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：由于永磁材料以及大功率的電子器件的廣泛應(yīng)用，無刷直流永磁電動機(jī)得到了突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展，如今已被應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)、航天制造業(yè)以及生活的各個領(lǐng)域。同時帶來的問題是整個電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的工作環(huán)境越來越惡劣，不僅從室內(nèi)移到室外，并且還要受到高溫、雷電以及高壓等環(huán)境因素的影響，這些全都會減小整個驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)處于工作狀態(tài)時的可靠性。除此之外，無刷直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)本身就包含電阻、電容等一系列的電子元器件，而電子元器件的失效率受到各種各樣因素的影響會變大，從而會使整個驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的失效率減小，最終引起其可靠度的減小。因此，必須對整個驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)實施有關(guān)可靠性的分析研究。 闡述了可靠性方面的一些概念和術(shù)語，包括了可用性、可靠性、故障率以及可靠壽命等，主要是為以后研究驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的可靠性奠定基礎(chǔ)。然后構(gòu)建了其構(gòu)成框圖，根據(jù)建立的結(jié)構(gòu)框圖將整個驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)分為了兩部分，先分別建立各部分的可靠性框圖模型，從而構(gòu)造出了整個系統(tǒng)的框圖形式的模型，最終獲得了其數(shù)學(xué)形式的模型。 分析了電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的各個模塊，包括研究其各個模塊的失效模式和失效機(jī)理，然后構(gòu)建了各個模塊的故障樹；首先根據(jù)FMEA的研究方法確定出整個系統(tǒng)的失效模式，然后由FTA分析方法確定出整個系統(tǒng)的失效率高的部分，同時對整個系統(tǒng)實施定性的研究，從而得到了系統(tǒng)失效的主要的環(huán)節(jié)，，有利于接下來的失效率方面的計算。 在建立的故障樹的基礎(chǔ)上，對系統(tǒng)的各個的元器件的失效率進(jìn)行了分析，在這里采用的是元器件應(yīng)力分析法，獲得了驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的每一個構(gòu)成部分的失效率，并且由此得到了其他的特征量。根據(jù)各部分失效率所占的比例，分析出電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)易失效的部分，在進(jìn)行設(shè)計時主要對這部分的失效率進(jìn)行改善。接下來建立了電機(jī)驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)的可靠性的仿真模型，得到了可靠性指標(biāo)的曲線，與理論計算得到的結(jié)果相符合，說明此仿真方法可信，并且可以用于其他方面的可靠性研究。最后采用了冗余設(shè)計以及降額設(shè)計來提高系統(tǒng)的可靠度。
[Abstract]:Because of the extensive application of permanent magnet materials and high-power electronic devices, brushless DC permanent magnet motor has been developed by leaps and bounds, and has been applied in agriculture. At the same time, the problem is that the working environment of the whole motor drive system is getting worse and worse, not only moving from indoor to outdoor, but also suffering from high temperature. Environmental factors, such as lightning and high voltage, all reduce the reliability of the whole drive system when it is in operation. In addition, the brushless DC motor drive system itself contains resistance. A series of electronic components such as capacitors, but the failure rate of electronic components will be affected by a variety of factors, which will reduce the failure rate of the whole drive system, and ultimately lead to the reduction of its reliability. The reliability analysis of the whole drive system must be carried out. Some concepts and terms of reliability are described, including availability, reliability, failure rate and reliability life. The main purpose is to lay a foundation for the later research on the reliability of the drive system. Then the structure block diagram is constructed and the whole drive system is divided into two parts according to the established structure block diagram. First, the reliability block diagram models of each part are established, and then the block diagram model of the whole system is constructed, and the mathematical model of the whole system is obtained. Every module of motor drive system is analyzed, including the failure mode and failure mechanism of each module, and then the fault tree of each module is constructed. First, the failure mode of the whole system is determined according to the research method of FMEA, then the high failure rate part of the whole system is determined by the FTA analysis method, and the qualitative research on the whole system is carried out at the same time. Thus, the main link of the system failure is obtained, which is beneficial to the calculation of the failure rate. Based on the established fault tree, the failure rate of each component of the system is analyzed, and the failure rate of each component of the drive system is obtained by using the component stress analysis method. According to the proportion of failure rate of each part, the failure part of motor drive system is analyzed. In the design, the failure rate of this part is mainly improved. Then, the simulation model of the reliability of motor drive system is established, and the curve of reliability index is obtained, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation results. It shows that the simulation method is reliable and can be used in other aspects of reliability research. Finally, redundant design and reduction design are used to improve the reliability of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM33

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