本文關(guān)鍵詞： 諧振接地系統(tǒng) 暫態(tài)零序電流 波形相似性 直方圖分解 相對熵 模糊核聚類 ATP-EMTP　出處：《福州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國中壓配電網(wǎng)中性點(diǎn)主要采用小電流接地方式,包括中性點(diǎn)不接地、中性點(diǎn)經(jīng)高阻接地、中性點(diǎn)經(jīng)消弧線圈接地(又稱諧振接地)。當(dāng)諧振接地系統(tǒng)發(fā)生單相接地故障時(shí),由于消弧線圈的補(bǔ)償作用,系統(tǒng)故障電流微弱,電弧不穩(wěn)定及一些隨機(jī)因素,給故障選線造成很大的影響。與其他接地系統(tǒng)相比,諧振接地系統(tǒng)故障選線一直是配電網(wǎng)故障選線中的難點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步研究諧振接地系統(tǒng)故障選線方法具有重要的理論和實(shí)際意義。本文在總結(jié)了目前國內(nèi)外各種選線方法的基本原理和優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了諧振接地系統(tǒng)發(fā)生單相接地故障后的穩(wěn)態(tài)、暫態(tài)過程及大過渡電阻對系統(tǒng)的影響。通過零序網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析得出了故障后非故障線路間暫態(tài)零序電流的波形相似度大于非故障線路與故障線路間暫態(tài)零序電流的波形相似度的結(jié)論,提出了一種基于波形綜合相對熵的諧振接地系統(tǒng)故障選線新方法。首先利用HHT良好的時(shí)頻特性來更好地判斷故障時(shí)刻,進(jìn)而對故障后各線路暫態(tài)零序電流波形在時(shí)間軸及幅值軸上分區(qū)間,并做直方圖分解,通過能體現(xiàn)狀態(tài)差異的相對熵求取反映故障暫態(tài)零序電流極性信息的相對熵矩陣；其次考慮故障暫態(tài)零序電流波形的局部相似性及整體相似性,定義了包含故障暫態(tài)零序電流波形幅值信息的幅值矩陣,結(jié)合相對熵矩陣構(gòu)造體現(xiàn)故障信息的綜合相對熵矩陣,最后利用免閾值設(shè)定的模糊核聚類算法(KFCM)判別故障線路與非故障線路。此外,本文對電弧故障理論進(jìn)行了研究,選取了符合實(shí)際運(yùn)行狀況的一次電弧模型,在驗(yàn)證電弧模型準(zhǔn)確性的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步分析了電弧特性及電弧接地故障。采用電磁暫態(tài)分析軟件ATP-EMTP搭建諧振接地系統(tǒng)仿真模型,驗(yàn)證了在不同過渡電阻、不同故障初相角、不同線路故障、電弧接地故障、兩點(diǎn)接地故障、電磁噪聲干擾、斷線故障、采樣不同步、不同補(bǔ)償度等條件下選線方法的準(zhǔn)確性。大量仿真結(jié)果證明,所提出的故障選線方法準(zhǔn)確可靠,具有一定的工程價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The neutral point of the medium voltage distribution network in our country mainly adopts the small current earthing way, including the neutral point is not grounded, the neutral point is grounded through the high resistance. The neutral point is grounded by arc-suppression coil (also called resonant earthing). When the single-phase grounding fault occurs in the resonant grounding system, the fault current of the system is weak, the arc is unstable and some random factors occur because of the compensation action of the arc-suppression coil. Compared with other grounding systems, fault line selection of resonant grounding system is always the difficulty of fault line selection in distribution network. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to further study the fault line selection method of resonant grounding system. This paper summarizes the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of fault line selection methods at home and abroad. The steady state of resonant grounding system after single-phase grounding fault is analyzed. Transient process and the influence of large transient resistance on the system. Through the analysis of zero-sequence network, it is concluded that the waveform similarity of transient zero-sequence current between non-fault line and fault line is greater than that between non-fault line and fault line. Conclusion of shape similarity. A new method of fault line selection for resonant grounding system based on waveform synthesis relative entropy is proposed. Firstly, the good time-frequency characteristic of HHT is used to better judge the fault time. Then the transient zero-sequence current waveform of each line after fault is divided on the time axis and amplitude axis, and is decomposed by histogram. Through the relative entropy which can reflect the state difference, the relative entropy matrix which can reflect the transient zero-sequence current polarity information is obtained. Secondly, considering the local similarity and global similarity of fault transient zero-sequence current waveform, the amplitude matrix containing the amplitude information of fault transient zero-sequence current waveform is defined. Combined with the relative entropy matrix to construct the comprehensive relative entropy matrix which reflects the fault information. Finally, the threshold free fuzzy kernel clustering algorithm (KFCM) is used to distinguish the fault line from the non-fault line. In this paper, the arc fault theory is studied, and the primary arc model, which is in accordance with the actual operation condition, is selected, and the accuracy of the arc model is verified. The simulation model of resonant grounding system is built by using electromagnetic transient analysis software ATP-EMTP, which verifies the different transition resistance and different fault initial phase angle. The accuracy of different line fault, arc grounding fault, two-point grounding fault, electromagnetic noise interference, broken line fault, sampling out of sync, different compensation degree and so on. The proposed fault line selection method is accurate and reliable, and has certain engineering value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM862

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