本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于聲卡的音頻信號頻譜儀的研究　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 虛擬儀器labview 聲卡 頻譜分析

【摘要】：隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)日新月異的發(fā)展和信號處理理論的完善,原本復(fù)雜容易受到干擾的模擬信號可以通過轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)字信號進(jìn)行處理。聲音信號就是其應(yīng)用的典型例子,數(shù)字信號處理就是音頻分析的理論基礎(chǔ),而將信號數(shù)字化則是數(shù)字信號處理的前提條件,本文所介紹的音頻分析就是將數(shù)字音頻信號作為信號的分析對象,通過時域和頻域的分析得到相關(guān)的分析參數(shù)。人類能夠聽見的頻率范圍大約是在20HZ至20KHZ,其中我們的語音室分布在了300HZ至3400HZ左右,聲音經(jīng)過模擬設(shè)備保存和播放呈現(xiàn)模擬音頻的形態(tài),將模擬信號在通過數(shù)字化就成為了數(shù)字音頻,隨著聲卡技術(shù)的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)在計算機(jī)所配備的聲卡,在音頻的頻率采集范圍已經(jīng)具有不低于專業(yè)采集卡的性能,這為我們生成低成本的音頻分析儀提供了一種思路。NI公司開發(fā)的圖形化編輯語言LabVIEW,對虛擬儀器的開發(fā)起到了絕對的推進(jìn)作用,將虛擬儀器與計算機(jī)相結(jié)合,通過軟件開發(fā)就能實(shí)現(xiàn)儀器的測試測量功能,LabVIEW語言提供豐富的應(yīng)用接口和模塊化的數(shù)字處理方法,用戶可以很清楚的操作儀器的硬件,實(shí)時地對所要測試的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行各種分析和處理。本文所設(shè)計的音頻分析系統(tǒng)主要包括三部分:信號的采集和保存,信號分析,信號處理。數(shù)據(jù)采集程序根據(jù)用戶設(shè)置的聲音格式從聲卡對語音信號進(jìn)行采集。數(shù)據(jù)采集過程分為三步:初始化/配置聲卡、信號采樣及釋放聲卡。用戶可以通過波形顯示窗口直接對采集到的原始信號進(jìn)行觀察;采集到的信號還被送到信號測量及分析模塊進(jìn)行測量和分析處理。本文采用LabView平臺的虛擬儀器技術(shù)和聲卡的DSP技術(shù),設(shè)計了一個具有較高采樣精度、中等采樣頻率的基于普通計算機(jī)聲卡的虛擬音頻信號分析系統(tǒng)。如果在PC上配置多塊聲卡并行,只需稍加修改,就可構(gòu)成一個多通道音頻信號采集及測量分析系統(tǒng)。采用本文方法設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)性價比高,通用性強(qiáng),可推廣到語音識別、噪聲監(jiān)測等多種工程測量及實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)用,具有較好的實(shí)用性。本文創(chuàng)新:提出了基于LabView平臺和普通計算機(jī)聲卡的音頻信號采集、分析方案,并對實(shí)際音頻信號測量中的誤差問題給出了相應(yīng)的解決方法。該方案不僅可以用于實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下的音頻信號分析,還可以進(jìn)一步推廣到工業(yè)中的音頻信號檢測及智能信號分析系統(tǒng)
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer technology and the improvement of signal processing theory. The original complex and easily interfered analog signal can be transformed into digital signal for processing. Sound signal is a typical example of its application. Digital signal processing is the theoretical basis of audio analysis. Digital signal is the precondition of digital signal processing. The audio analysis introduced in this paper takes the digital audio signal as the signal analysis object. The related analysis parameters are obtained from time domain and frequency domain. The frequency range that human can hear is about 20HZ to 20kHz. Among them, our language lab is distributed from 300Hz to 3400HZ, the sound is saved and played by analog equipment to present the form of analog audio, and the analog signal becomes digital audio through digitization. With the development of sound card technology, the sound card equipped by the computer now has no lower performance than the professional acquisition card in the frequency acquisition range of the audio frequency. This provides us with a way to generate low-cost audio analyzer. The graphic editing language LabVIEW developed by NI Company plays an absolute role in the development of virtual instruments. With the combination of virtual instrument and computer, the testing and measuring function of instrument can be realized by software development. LabVIEW provides abundant application interface and modular digital processing method. Users can clearly operate the hardware of the instrument, real-time analysis and processing of the data to be tested. The audio analysis system designed in this paper mainly includes three parts: signal acquisition and storage. Signal analysis, signal processing. The data acquisition program collects the voice signal from the sound card according to the sound format set by the user. The data acquisition process is divided into three steps: initializing / configuring the sound card. Signal sampling and releasing sound card. The user can observe the original signal directly through the waveform display window. The collected signals are also sent to the signal measurement and analysis module for measurement and analysis. This paper adopts the virtual instrument technology of LabView platform and the DSP technology of sound card. A virtual audio signal analysis system based on ordinary computer sound card with high sampling precision and medium sampling frequency is designed. A multi-channel audio signal acquisition and measurement and analysis system can be constructed. The system designed by this method has high performance-price ratio, strong generality, and can be extended to speech recognition. Noise monitoring and other engineering measurement and laboratory applications have good practicability. This paper innovates: the audio signal acquisition and analysis scheme based on LabView platform and ordinary computer sound card is put forward. The corresponding solution to the error problem in the actual audio signal measurement is given, which can not only be used in the analysis of the audio signal in the laboratory environment. It can also be extended to the audio signal detection and intelligent signal analysis system in industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM935.21

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本文編號：1440282