本文關(guān)鍵詞：籠型感應(yīng)電動機轉(zhuǎn)子斷條故障引發(fā)振動特性的研究　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 籠型感應(yīng)電機 有限元法 電磁力波 頻譜分析 模態(tài) 瞬態(tài)動力學(xué)

【摘要】：籠型感應(yīng)電機廣泛應(yīng)用于工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)以及人們的日常生活，因此保障電機安全可靠地運行至關(guān)重要。轉(zhuǎn)子斷條故障是一種常見的故障類型，國內(nèi)外研究人員利用定子電流特征量實現(xiàn)了故障診斷及在線監(jiān)測。斷條故障會引發(fā)電機內(nèi)多種物理場的畸變，如電磁場、溫度場、應(yīng)力場等。本文從電機電磁場出發(fā)，分析電機發(fā)生斷條故障前后電磁力波的變化特征，計算由此而引發(fā)的電磁振動特性，，并找出故障特征量。 以一臺Y80-2籠型感應(yīng)電動機為例，分別建立了健康電機和轉(zhuǎn)子斷條電機的二維有限元模型，并進行瞬態(tài)電磁場計算，得到了時空變化的氣隙磁密波并與實驗測量值進行了比較�；邴溈怂鬼f應(yīng)力方程計算了電機健康及斷條故障運行時氣隙中的電磁力波，綜合運用二維快速傅里葉變換、頻譜分析比值校正等方法對電磁力波的階數(shù)、頻率和幅值進行了詳盡計算和分析。同時利用傳統(tǒng)公式計算了氣隙磁密波以及電磁力波的階數(shù)和頻率，與數(shù)值計算的結(jié)果進行了比較，得出了電機斷條前后電磁力波的一些變化規(guī)律。 采用錘擊法進行模態(tài)試驗，試驗對象包括不帶繞組的定子、帶有未浸漆繞組的定子、帶有浸漆繞組的定子、帶有去掉端部繞組的定子以及整機，同時保證所有試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷亩ㄗ泳鶠橥粋�定子。通過試驗測得的加速度頻響函數(shù)的幅值和相角判定了定子徑向二階固有頻率�；谀B(tài)試驗結(jié)果分析了繞組浸漆前后定子固有頻率的變化以及端部繞組對定子固有頻率的影響。用有限元法分別計算了不帶繞組定子及去掉端部繞組定子的固有頻率；建立了試驗樣機的三維全域有限元計算模型，并且在轉(zhuǎn)子和軸承連接處施加了約束條件，充分考慮了轉(zhuǎn)子對電機模態(tài)的影響，計算與試驗結(jié)果進行了比較，并且討論了轉(zhuǎn)子、端蓋和機殼對定子模態(tài)的作用。 建立了電機瞬態(tài)動力學(xué)計算的三維有限元模型，以瞬態(tài)電磁場計算的電磁力作為載荷循環(huán)加載到定子齒內(nèi)表面，分別對健康電機和斷條故障電機進行瞬態(tài)動力學(xué)響應(yīng)計算。提取電機機殼上方某點的振動位移并對其進行頻譜分析，最后找出由轉(zhuǎn)子斷條故障引發(fā)的振動特征量。
[Abstract]:Cage induction motor is widely used in industrial and agricultural production and people's daily life, so it is very important to ensure the safe and reliable operation of motor. Domestic and foreign researchers use stator current characteristic to realize fault diagnosis and on-line monitoring. Broken bar fault will lead to the distortion of many physical fields in the motor such as electromagnetic field and temperature field. In this paper, starting from the electromagnetic field of the motor, the variation characteristics of the electromagnetic force wave before and after the broken bar fault of the motor are analyzed, the electromagnetic vibration characteristics caused by the electromagnetic wave are calculated, and the fault characteristic quantity is found out. Taking a Y80-2 cage induction motor as an example, the two-dimensional finite element models of the health motor and the rotor broken bar motor are established, and the transient electromagnetic field is calculated. The airgap magnetic density wave with space-time variation is obtained and compared with the experimental results. Based on Maxwell's stress equation, the electromagnetic force waves in the air gap during the operation of the motor's health and broken strip faults are calculated. The order of electromagnetic force wave is obtained by using two dimensional fast Fourier transform and the ratio correction of spectrum analysis. The frequency and amplitude are calculated and analyzed in detail. At the same time, the order and frequency of air-gap magnetic dense wave and electromagnetic force wave are calculated by traditional formula, and the results are compared with those of numerical calculation. Some changes of the electromagnetic force wave before and after the breakage of the motor are obtained. The modal test was carried out by hammering method. The test objects included the stator without winding, the stator with unvarnished winding, the stator with varnish winding, the stator with removing end winding and the whole machine. At the same time, the stator of all the test models is guaranteed to be the same stator. The radial second order natural frequency of the stator is determined by the amplitude and phase angle of the acceleration frequency response function measured in the experiment. The winding impregnation is analyzed based on the modal test results. The change of stator natural frequency before and after, and the effect of end winding on stator natural frequency are calculated by finite element method, and the natural frequencies of stator without winding and without end winding are calculated by finite element method. The 3D global finite element model of the test prototype is established, and the constraint condition is applied at the connection of the rotor and the bearing. The influence of the rotor on the mode of the motor is fully considered, and the calculation results are compared with the test results. The effects of rotor, end cap and shell on stator mode are discussed. A three-dimensional finite element model for transient dynamic calculation of motor is established. The electromagnetic force calculated by transient electromagnetic field is cyclically loaded on the inner surface of the stator tooth. The transient dynamic response of the health motor and the broken bar motor were calculated respectively. The vibration displacement of a point above the motor shell was extracted and the frequency spectrum was analyzed. Finally, the vibration characteristic quantity caused by rotor broken bar fault is found out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM346

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 李天云;李光;楊春玲;張春紅;;基于自適應(yīng)隨機共振的異步電動機轉(zhuǎn)子斷條故障檢測[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;2007年15期

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本文編號：1438997