電站燃煤鍋爐煙氣中顆粒物排放特性與脫除的數(shù)值模擬
本文關(guān)鍵詞:電站燃煤鍋爐煙氣中顆粒物排放特性與脫除的數(shù)值模擬 出處:《上海電力學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文 論文類(lèi)型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 燃煤電廠 顆粒物 排放特性 除塵效率
【摘要】:目前影響環(huán)境質(zhì)量的因素有很多,一些粒徑小的細(xì)顆粒物是其中之一。這些細(xì)顆粒物,尤其是PM10、PM2.5等對(duì)人體的健康、全球氣候變化有著不可推卸的責(zé)任。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展,用電負(fù)荷不斷增加,燃煤電廠顆粒物的排放量逐年增加,因此國(guó)家對(duì)燃煤電廠顆粒物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也日趨嚴(yán)格。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)600MW燃煤發(fā)電運(yùn)行機(jī)組狀況細(xì)顆粒物排放的試驗(yàn),根據(jù)電廠實(shí)際操作過(guò)程中采用不同煤種的情況,再結(jié)合電除塵器在給定不同負(fù)荷等條件下,對(duì)顆粒物排放特性進(jìn)行分析,得到: (1)靜電除塵效率隨鍋爐負(fù)荷的增加而降低,兩者有著密不可分的關(guān)系; (2)當(dāng)煤的水分、揮發(fā)分、固定碳波動(dòng)范圍不大時(shí),,煤的灰分含量越高,除塵效率越低; (3)在利用粒度分析儀對(duì)電廠所采樣品的處理,可清楚地看到各個(gè)電場(chǎng)分別對(duì)顆粒物的脫除情況以及對(duì)小于1μm顆粒物的捕集效果,從第一電場(chǎng)到第四電場(chǎng)的比例是逐級(jí)遞增的,而對(duì)于粒徑大于10μm的顆粒物,其效果正好相反。 另外,還運(yùn)用FLUENT數(shù)值計(jì)算軟件,得到了細(xì)顆粒物在通過(guò)電除塵器前后的分布規(guī)律和變化特征,針對(duì)入口粉塵濃度、入口氣流速度、電勢(shì)電壓和板間距的變化,與靜電除塵器除塵效率的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)地研究,得出:隨電壓(30-70kv范圍內(nèi))的升高,除塵效率不斷提高;除塵效率隨入口粉塵濃度(5-20g/m3范圍內(nèi))增大而降低;當(dāng)流速較低時(shí),隨著流速的增加而增加,當(dāng)大于某一值后,除塵效率隨著流速的增加而降低;板間距在0.3-0.4m范圍內(nèi),除塵效率隨板間距的加大而提高,在0.4-0.5m范圍內(nèi),除塵效率隨其增大而降低。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的對(duì)比,為今后靜電除塵器的研究提供一定的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:There are many factors affecting the environmental quality . The fine particles with small particle size are one of them . These fine particles , especially the PM _ ( 10 ) and the PM _ ( 2.5 ) , are responsible for the health of the human body and the global climate change . With the rapid development of our economy and the increasing electric load , the discharge amount of particulate matter of coal - fired power plant increases year by year , so the national emission standard of particulate matter in coal - fired power plant is also increasingly strict . Based on the test of fine particle emission of 600 MW coal - fired power generation operating unit , this paper analyzes the discharge characteristics of particulate matter under the conditions of different load and so on according to the actual operation process of power plant , and obtains : ( 1 ) Electrostatic precipitation efficiency decreases with increasing boiler load , which is closely related to both . ( 2 ) The higher the ash content of the coal , the lower the dust removal efficiency when the moisture content , the volatile component and the fixed carbon fluctuation range of the coal are not large ; ( 3 ) The effect of each electric field on the removal of the particulate matter and the trapping effect on the particles smaller than 1 渭m can be clearly seen in the treatment of the samples collected by the power plant by using the particle size analyzer . The effect of the particle size of the first electric field to the fourth electric field is gradually increasing , whereas for the particles with the particle size greater than 10 渭m , the effect is exactly the opposite . In addition , the FLUENT numerical calculation software is used to obtain the distribution and variation characteristics of fine particles before and after passing through the electrostatic precipitator . The relationship between dust concentration , inlet airflow velocity , potential voltage and plate spacing is studied systematically .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:上海電力學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:X773
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