本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于多模態(tài)控制的離散變頻高轉(zhuǎn)矩軟起動技術(shù)研究　出處：《長沙理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 高轉(zhuǎn)矩軟起動 離散變頻 自適應(yīng)切換 多模態(tài)控制 異步電機(jī)

【摘要】：交流異步電機(jī)以結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、性能穩(wěn)定、性價比高等突出特點(diǎn),在工農(nóng)業(yè)、國防以及家用電器設(shè)備中得到廣泛的使用。與此同時,交流異步電機(jī)的配套控制設(shè)備也得到了快速發(fā)展。異步電機(jī)起動控制就是被關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)之一。從傳統(tǒng)的降壓起動控制,到新型的電機(jī)軟起動控制,電機(jī)的降壓起動從有級調(diào)壓發(fā)展到無級調(diào)壓,有效解決了在起動過程中的抖動和電流沖擊問題。電機(jī)軟起動設(shè)備中,電子式軟起動器以其結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、控制方便、操作簡單、重量輕等突出優(yōu)點(diǎn),在不需要調(diào)速的場合,得到了最廣泛的應(yīng)用。但是起動轉(zhuǎn)矩比較小,一般只適用于輕載或者空載起動的場合。變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)雖然能夠完美解決電動機(jī)的起動問題,實(shí)現(xiàn)小電流高轉(zhuǎn)矩的優(yōu)良起動性能,但是其價格比較昂貴,一般適用于需要調(diào)速的場合,僅僅當(dāng)成起動器來用是非常不經(jīng)濟(jì)的。所以研究具有重載起動功能的軟起動器具有很大的實(shí)際意義。針對電子式軟起動器起動轉(zhuǎn)矩小的弊端,文章研究了一種具有高起動轉(zhuǎn)矩的離散分級變頻軟起動技術(shù)。首先是根據(jù)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),分析了離散分級變頻的原理,得到了離散變頻后三相的相序關(guān)系,并總結(jié)正序?qū)ΨQ的分頻等級以及分頻方式。其次,通過傅立葉分析得到了各分頻子頻率下每相的初相角公式,并通過仿真驗證了公式的正確性。然后,利用對稱分量法分析出二分頻和三分頻兩個不對稱分頻等級的最佳分頻方式,根據(jù)正序分量最大原則,選擇出初始頻率和過渡頻率。最后,根據(jù)離散分級變頻的特點(diǎn),首次將仿人人工智能控制中的多模態(tài)控制應(yīng)用到分頻控制中,并以各級子頻率轉(zhuǎn)速接近本級頻率下電機(jī)的額定值和切換前后兩個子頻率等效電壓的相位一致時間點(diǎn)為判據(jù),構(gòu)建頻段切換特征模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)頻段的自適應(yīng)切換。使用Matlab/Simulink工具箱搭建仿真模型,驗證了控制方案的有效性。仿真結(jié)果表明,文章提出的控制方案能夠根據(jù)負(fù)載的不同自適應(yīng)的調(diào)節(jié)電動機(jī)在各分頻子頻率下的運(yùn)行時間,有效提高了離散分級變頻軟起技術(shù)的綜合性能。這種具有自適應(yīng)切換效果的高轉(zhuǎn)矩軟起動器的提出,對于需要重載起動或者恒負(fù)載起動而又不需要調(diào)速的工業(yè)場合具有重要的意義,而且能夠促進(jìn)晶閘管軟起動器的智能化和多功能化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Ac asynchronous motor is widely used in industry, agriculture, national defense and household appliances because of its simple structure, stable performance and high cost performance. The auxiliary control equipment of AC asynchronous motor has also been developed rapidly. The starting control of asynchronous motor is one of the hotspots that has been paid close attention to, from the traditional step-down starting control to the new type of motor soft start control. The step-down starting of motor develops from stepwise voltage regulation to stepless voltage regulation, which effectively solves the problems of jitter and current shock during the starting process. In the soft starting equipment of motor, the electronic soft starter is compact in structure and convenient in control. Simple operation, light weight and other outstanding advantages, in the case of no need for speed regulation, has been the most widely used, but the starting torque is relatively small. Frequency conversion technology can solve the starting problem of motor perfectly and realize the excellent starting performance of low current and high torque, but its price is expensive. Generally applicable to the need to speed the occasion. It is very uneconomical to use only as a starter. So it is of great practical significance to study the soft starter with heavy load starting function. Aiming at the disadvantage of small starting torque of electronic soft starter. In this paper, a kind of soft start technology with high starting torque is studied. Firstly, according to the related literature, the principle of discrete stepwise frequency conversion is analyzed, and the phase sequence relation of three phase after discrete frequency conversion is obtained. And summed up the positive order symmetry frequency division level and frequency division mode. Secondly, through Fourier analysis, the formula of initial phase angle of each phase is obtained, and the correctness of the formula is verified by simulation. By using the symmetrical component method, the optimal frequency division mode of two asymmetrical frequency division levels is analyzed, and the initial frequency and the transition frequency are selected according to the principle of maximum order component. Finally. According to the characteristics of discrete hierarchical frequency conversion, the multimodal control in artificial intelligence control is applied to the frequency division control for the first time. The characteristic model of frequency band switching is constructed based on the rated motor speed of each subfrequency close to this frequency and the phase consistent time point of the equivalent voltage of two subfrequencies before and after switching. The Matlab/Simulink toolbox is used to build the simulation model, which verifies the effectiveness of the control scheme. The simulation results show that. The control scheme proposed in this paper can adaptively adjust the operating time of the motor at different frequency subfrequencies according to the load. The proposed high torque soft starter with adaptive switching effect can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the discrete stage frequency conversion soft start technology. It is of great significance for the industrial situation which requires heavy load or constant load start and does not need speed regulation, and can promote the intelligent and multifunctional development of the thyristor soft starter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM573

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本文編號：1415739