發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-12 13:28

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：高壓直流輸電線路合成電場及無線電干擾正逆問題研究　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 高壓直流 合成電場 無線電干擾 測量 正問題 逆問題 預(yù)測

【摘要】：高壓直流輸電技術(shù)是西電東送工程安全穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟(jì)的工程技術(shù)，解決我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展與環(huán)境污染、資源分布不平衡間的矛盾。然而，高壓直流輸電線路環(huán)境效應(yīng)越來越受到大眾的關(guān)注，其合成電場及無線電干擾分布影響著直流工程的建設(shè)成本。目前大量研究工作依靠試驗(yàn)線段或電暈籠分析合成電場及無線電干擾特性。但缺乏實(shí)際線路合成電場及無線電干擾分布的特性分析，同時(shí)現(xiàn)有的EPRI等經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式無法計(jì)算給定溫度、濕度等環(huán)境參數(shù)的合成電場及無線電干擾分布。 針對考慮溫濕度及海拔高度影響下高壓直流合成電場及無線電干擾分布理論計(jì)算及實(shí)驗(yàn)手段存在的技術(shù)瓶頸，開展了實(shí)際線路的現(xiàn)場測試，從合成電場及無線電干擾分布計(jì)算的正、逆問題及預(yù)測方法方面，深入研究了合成電場及無線電干擾分布計(jì)算的理論模型和方法，，研究內(nèi)容覆蓋了合成電場及無線電干擾的現(xiàn)場分布特性、正逆問題計(jì)算的數(shù)學(xué)模型、迭代算法及實(shí)例應(yīng)用效果等方面，研究重點(diǎn)及取得的成果主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面： （1）開展了云廣特高壓直流線路負(fù)極半壓、負(fù)極全壓、正極半壓和負(fù)極全壓、不同月份雙極全壓下的合成電場及無線電干擾分布的現(xiàn)場測量，克服了試驗(yàn)線路或電暈籠分析合成電場及無線電干擾時(shí)地形、溫濕度等環(huán)境因素過于理想化的問題。深入研究了不同運(yùn)行方式下的分布特性，獲得了合成電場及無線電干擾的現(xiàn)場分布規(guī)律。對比分析了現(xiàn)場測量值與規(guī)程推薦方法仿真值的誤差，揭示了誤差產(chǎn)生的原因是規(guī)程推薦方法忽略地形、溫濕度等環(huán)境因素的影響，并為合成電場及無線電干擾分布正逆問題及預(yù)測方法的模型分析提供測試數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)。 （2）針對現(xiàn)有解析法、有限元等數(shù)值方法求解直流輸電線路合成電場分布時(shí)忽略導(dǎo)線電暈層及溫濕度等環(huán)境因素的影響，結(jié)合電場泊松方程、離子流擴(kuò)散方程及電流連續(xù)方程，詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)了直流輸電線路合成電場正問題電暈區(qū)和非電暈區(qū)的分域控制方程及邊界條件，實(shí)現(xiàn)了計(jì)算新模型兼顧電暈層及溫濕度等環(huán)境因素的影響。首次提出了電暈層方程求解的無網(wǎng)格通量校正運(yùn)移的小波變換算法，通過實(shí)例仿真計(jì)算與對比分析，驗(yàn)證無網(wǎng)格通量校正運(yùn)移的小波變換算法求解直流輸電線路合成電場正問題具有良好的收斂性，解決了有限元法網(wǎng)格畸變引起的迭代發(fā)散問題，提高了計(jì)算精度且降低了計(jì)算存儲(chǔ)量。 （3）基于直流導(dǎo)線電暈?zāi)Ｐ吞岢隽藢?dǎo)線電暈電流計(jì)算的積分方法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了給定了溫濕度、海拔高度下電暈電流的計(jì)算，克服了因電暈籠尺寸、環(huán)境參數(shù)等因素影響下測量激發(fā)函數(shù)計(jì)算電暈電流受限問題。首次提出了兩相電源測量輸電線路開路阻抗和短路阻抗計(jì)算直流雙極模型的高頻率參數(shù)形成導(dǎo)納和阻抗矩陣的方法，解決了因大地電導(dǎo)率、集膚效應(yīng)等因素影響下高頻參數(shù)理論計(jì)算精度較低的問題。結(jié)合電暈電流、高頻參數(shù)、相模變換和疊加原理，提出了給定環(huán)境參數(shù)下的無線電干擾的計(jì)算方法。搭建了等效直流輸電線路1000km的模型驗(yàn)證了直流線路高頻分布參數(shù)計(jì)算方法的有效性；通過對比分析負(fù)極全壓、雙極全壓下無線電干擾仿真值與測量值的誤差驗(yàn)證了計(jì)算方法精度的可靠性。 （4）基于最小二乘原理首次建立了模擬電荷在現(xiàn)場測量值、導(dǎo)線表面電位及大地表面的電位誤差優(yōu)化函數(shù)，建立了高壓直流輸電線路合成電場及無線電干擾逆問題模型。提出了高壓直流輸電線路合成電場及無線電干擾逆問題求解的信賴域正則化方法和遺傳算法，克服了求解步長大引起的計(jì)算誤差增加的問題，優(yōu)化了模擬電荷的空間位置，實(shí)現(xiàn)了求解步長的限制及方向的動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整。通過負(fù)極全壓、正極半壓與負(fù)極全壓、雙極全壓下的算例分析，驗(yàn)證了合成電場及無線電干擾逆問題求解算法具有良好的收斂性、穩(wěn)定性及計(jì)算精度。 （5）建立了模糊聚類算法選擇待預(yù)測點(diǎn)環(huán)境相近樣本的數(shù)學(xué)模型，首次提出了基于相近樣本的最小二乘支持向量機(jī)的合成電場和無線電干擾分布預(yù)測方法，建立了粒子群算法優(yōu)化最小二乘支持向量機(jī)的懲罰系數(shù)和尺度因子的方法，提高了合成電場和無線電干擾分布計(jì)算的效率。并通過對比分析了不同運(yùn)行方式、海拔高度下合成電場及無線電干擾的計(jì)算結(jié)果，驗(yàn)證了該方法提高了計(jì)算精度。
[Abstract]:HVDC technology is the electric power engineering safety and stability, economic engineering technology, to solve China's rapid economic development and environmental pollution, the contradiction between the uneven distribution of resources. However, the environmental effects of HVDC transmission lines more and more attention, the distribution of electric field and radio interference of HVDC project the cost of construction. A lot of research work on the test line or corona cage analysis of synthetic electric field and radio interference characteristics at present. But the lack of analysis of the actual circuit synthesis of electric field and radio interference distribution characteristics at the same time, the existing EPRI empirical formula to compute the given temperature, electric field and radio interference distribution of humidity and other environmental parameters.
Aiming at the technical difficulties of considering temperature and humidity and altitude under the influence of high voltage DC electric field and radio interference of the distribution of the theoretical calculation and experimental means, carry out the actual test line, from the synthesis of electrical field and radio interference in distributed computing, inverse problem and prediction methods, in-depth study of the theoretical model and method for the synthesis of electric field and radio the interference of distributed computing, the research content covers the synthesis of electric field and radio interference characteristics, the mathematical model of forward and inverse problem calculation, iterative algorithms and examples of application, research and achievements are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
(1) the development of Yun Guang UHVDC negative half pressure, negative pressure, positive pressure and negative pressure half full, measuring total pressure under the electric field and radio interference field distribution in different months bipolar, overcome the test line or corona cage analysis synthesis electric field and radio interference when the terrain, temperature and humidity etc. environmental factors too idealistic. In depth distribution characteristics under different operating modes of the study, obtained on-site synthesis of electrical field and radio interference distribution. Comparison and analysis of the on-site measurement error of simulation value and the procedures recommended, exposing the reason shows that errors are recommended in the standard method ignores the terrain, the influence of temperature and humidity etc. the environmental factors, and for the synthesis of electric field and radio interference distribution is inverse problem and forecasting model to provide the basic analysis of test data.
(2) according to the existing analytical method, neglecting the effect of corona layer temperature and humidity and other environmental factors such as finite element numerical method for DC transmission line composite electric field distribution, combined with field Poisson equation, ion diffusion equation and current continuity equation, deduced the equations and the boundary conditions of the sub domain electric field of HVDC transmission lines is the problem the corona and non corona zone control, realize the new model to calculate the influence of both the corona layer and environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. For the first time put forward the algorithm of wavelet transform grid flux corrected transport corona layer equation, through calculation and analysis of simulation examples, verify the meshless flux corrected wavelet transform algorithm for solving DC migration transmission line electric field forward problem has good convergence, to solve the finite element mesh distortion problem caused by iterative divergence, improves the calculation accuracy and The amount of storage is reduced.
(3) DC corona model based on the integral calculation method of conductor corona current is proposed, realizing the given temperature and humidity, calculate the corona current altitude, avoid corona cage size, effects of environmental parameters measured under the excitation function to calculate the corona current limitation method is put forward for the first time. The high frequency parameters of two-phase power the measurement of transmission line open circuit impedance and short-circuit impedance calculation of DC bipolar model forming admittance and impedance matrix, solves the problem of the earth conductivity, the calculation precision of the problem of low frequency parameter theory of skin effect and other factors. Combined with the corona current, high frequency parameters, phase mode transformation and superposition principle, puts forward the calculation method of radio interference under the given environment parameters. Build the equivalent DC transmission line 1000km high frequency distribution model to verify the DC line parameter calculation method is effective; The reliability of the accuracy of the calculation method is verified by the comparison and analysis of the total pressure of the negative electrode and the error of the simulation value and the measured value of the radio interference under the bipolar full pressure.
(4) based on the principle of least squares is established for the first time in the field of charge simulation measurement, error optimization function of potential conductor surface potential and the surface of the earth, a synthesis of electric field of HVDC transmission lines and radio interference of the inverse problem of trust region model. The regularization method and the genetic algorithm was proposed for the synthesis of electric field of HVDC transmission lines and radio interference inverse problem for the increase of calculation error can solve the problems caused by the step up, to optimize the spatial position of charge simulation, achieve dynamic adjustment of limitation and direction for solving step. By negative pressure, positive pressure and negative pressure half full, the example analysis of bipolar full voltage, verified the synthesis of electric field and radio interference inverse problem solving algorithm has good convergence, stability and accuracy.
(5) established a fuzzy clustering algorithm to select model sample similar environment, first proposed the synthesis field least squares support vector machine is similar to the sample and radio interference distribution prediction method based on the established method of penalty coefficient and the scale factor of particle swarm optimization algorithm and least squares support vector machine, improve the efficiency of electric field and radio interference in distributed computing. And analyzes the different operating modes by comparing the calculation results, the synthesis of electric field and radio interference under high altitude, the validation of the method improves the calculation accuracy.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM721.1;TN972

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