本文關(guān)鍵詞：光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器辨識建模方法及應(yīng)用　出處：《重慶大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 光伏 逆變器 系統(tǒng)辨識 NARX Wiener

【摘要】：能源危機和氣候變化是當今全球面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一。作為人類應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)的努力，太陽能光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)運而生。光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器作為太陽能光伏電池陣列與公共電網(wǎng)的接口裝置，是光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的核心部件，在新能源的開發(fā)利用中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用，對其進行研究具有重要意義。建立光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的數(shù)學模型，，是一切研究工作的基礎(chǔ)。目前由逆變器供應(yīng)商提供的數(shù)學模型都是基于機理建模法，通過大量簡化假設(shè)而得到的，使用方難以判斷其準確性，要通過逐個產(chǎn)品的驗證測試來修正其模型，這對于設(shè)備使用方來說具有極大的難度，制約了分布式電源接入電力系統(tǒng)的建模、仿真、控制方法、電能質(zhì)量等方面的研究與設(shè)計，因此迫切需要提出新的分布式電源逆變器建模方法來滿足新能源并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的理論分析與建設(shè)需求。 針對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的建模問題，基于非線性系統(tǒng)辨識建模方法，較為深入地研究了不同光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的建模問題，包括單相、三相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的辨識建模方法及三相光伏逆變器模型的系統(tǒng)仿真研究。 論文提出了單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器NARX模型的系統(tǒng)辨識方法。針對商用光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的“黑箱”特征，以及現(xiàn)有的線性化建模方法無法解決逆變器的強非線性問題，將單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器視為“黑箱”，無需逆變器內(nèi)部電路、功率開關(guān)器件等拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)和參數(shù)及其控制系統(tǒng)的類型和邏輯關(guān)系，僅僅利用逆變器輸入-輸出兩側(cè)的外部測量數(shù)據(jù)，基于NARX模型非線性系統(tǒng)辨識技術(shù)，可建立較為準確的數(shù)學模型，實現(xiàn)對商用光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器準確描述其動態(tài)特性的可能。辨識所得單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器NARX模型結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，運算量小，在模型的復(fù)雜性和模型的精確性方面取了很好的平衡，適用于電力系統(tǒng)對并網(wǎng)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的調(diào)度、聯(lián)合運行與協(xié)調(diào)控制、隨機模擬等需要快速建模與簡單模型結(jié)構(gòu)的研究領(lǐng)域。 針對進一步提高辨識模型精度的問題，論文提出了基于Wiener模型的單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器模型辨識方法。方法基于非線性理論和離散時間方法，仍然將單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器視為“黑箱”，采集多時間階段、不同典型光照條件下單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的輸入-輸出信息，辨識出與“黑箱”特性等價的單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器Wiener模型。最后在相同實驗條件下，對比分析了單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器Wiener模型與Hammerstein-Wiener模型以及本文第二章提出的NARX模型。結(jié)果表明，單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器Wiener模型及其辨識建模方法，能更好的反映實際單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器在不同天氣條件下的動態(tài)行為，具有更高的精確度與適應(yīng)性，但模型相對復(fù)雜，運算量較大。適用于需要精確使用光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器模型的場合。 光伏并網(wǎng)模式有單相模式和三相模式。辨識建模方法用于三相逆變器時，輸入、輸出變量多，模型復(fù)雜，模型參數(shù)難以辨識。在單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器辨識建模方法的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了適用于三相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的非線性系統(tǒng)辨識建模方法。為了簡化三相逆變器的建模，對三相系統(tǒng)進行了簡化處理。在輸入端，選取輸入電壓電流作為輸入量；在輸出端，借鑒對稱三相電路的分析方法，任選一相有功無功輸出用于辨識，然后根據(jù)三相對稱關(guān)系進行重建。將辨識模型簡化為雙輸入雙輸出系統(tǒng)，降低了辨識難度，對三相系統(tǒng)簡化后分別應(yīng)用NARX模型和Wiener模型構(gòu)建了三相光伏逆變器的建模方法。 為了分析比較不同建模方法的優(yōu)劣，建立了雙級三相光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電仿真系統(tǒng)，在系統(tǒng)中對各種三相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器模型(詳細模型、NARX模型、Wiener模型)進行了仿真研究，優(yōu)選了基于NARX模型的非線性系統(tǒng)辨識建模方法。所得模型結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、運算量小、模型精度較高，可作為三相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的辨識建模方法。
[Abstract]:The energy crisis and climate change is one of the major challenges facing the world today. As human efforts to address these challenges, the solar photovoltaic industry emerged. Photovoltaic inverter is an interface device of photovoltaic arrays and public power grid, is a core component of photovoltaic power generation system, the development and utilization of new energy has played a crucial role of research to have the important meaning. The establishment of mathematical model of grid connected photovoltaic inverters, is the foundation of all research work. The mathematical model of the inverter is provided by the supplier are based on the mechanism modeling method, and through a large number of simplifying assumptions, the use is difficult to determine its accuracy, to modify the model by one product this test, it is difficult for the equipment to use, restricting the DG power system construction The research and design of mode, simulation, control method, power quality and so on. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward a new distributed power inverter modeling method to meet the theoretical analysis and construction needs of the new energy grid connected system.
Aiming at the modeling problem of photovoltaic grid connected inverter, nonlinear system identification modeling method based on thoroughly study the modeling problem of different photovoltaic inverter including single-phase, research on system simulation modeling methods of the three-phase grid connected photovoltaic inverter and three-phase PV inverter model.
This paper presents the system identification method of single phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter. The NARX model for commercial photovoltaic inverter "black box" features, as well as the existing linear modeling method to solve nonlinear problem of inverter, the single-phase photovoltaic inverter as a "black box", without the internal circuit of the inverter, the type and logic relation of power switch devices such as topology and parameters and its control system, only the use of external data input - output inverter on both sides of the NARX model, nonlinear system identification technique based on the established mathematical model is quasi accurate, accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of the commercial photovoltaic inverter. The identification of the single-phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter NARX model has the advantages of simple structure and a small amount of computation, take a good balance in the accuracy of the model complexity and model, which is suitable for power system The research field of fast modeling and simple model structure is needed for the scheduling, joint operation and coordinated control, random simulation of the grid connected PV power generation system.
In order to improve the identification accuracy of the model, the proposed model identification method of single phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter based on the Wiener model. Based on the method of nonlinear theory and discrete time method, will still be single-phase photovoltaic inverter as a "black box", for a long time between the acquisition stage, different typical light input - output under the condition of single phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter information, identify the Wiener single-phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter model and the characteristics of the "black box" equivalent. Finally, under the same experimental conditions, comparative analysis of the model of single phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter NARX Wiener model and Hammerstein-Wiener model and puts forward the second chapter of this paper. The results show that the single-phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter Wiener model and its modeling methods can be better reflect the actual single-phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter in different weather conditions, the dynamic behavior, has higher Accuracy and adaptability, but the model is relatively complex and the amount of operation is large. It is suitable for the situation where the model of photovoltaic grid connected inverter needs to be used accurately.
A single-phase photovoltaic grid connected mode mode and three-phase model. Modeling methods for three-phase inverter, the input, output variables, complex model, model parameters are difficult to identify. Based on the inverter identification method of single phase photovoltaic grid connected on the proposed nonlinear system identification modeling method for three-phase PV grid connected inverter. In order to simplify the modeling of three-phase inverter the three-phase system was simplified. At the end of the input, select the input voltage and current as inputs; at the output reference analysis method of symmetrical three-phase circuit, choose a phase of active power and reactive power output for identification, then reconstructed based on the three-phase symmetrical relationship. The identification model is simplified as a double input and double output system, reduce the the identification difficulty of three-phase simplified system respectively using NARX model and Wiener model to construct the modeling method of PV inverter.
In order to compare the different methods of modeling and analysis of advantages and disadvantages, established a two-stage three-phase photovoltaic grid connected power generation simulation system, in the system of three-phase grid connected photovoltaic inverter model (with model, NARX model, Wiener model) simulation, optimization of nonlinear system identification modeling method based on NARX model. The model has the advantages of simple structure, operation small, the model is of high precision, can be used as the identification method of the three-phase grid connected photovoltaic inverter.

【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM464;TM615

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