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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于功率量的電力變壓器保護新原理及高速算法研究　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 變壓器保護 勵磁涌流 內(nèi)部故障 功率方向保護 電流互感器飽和 瞬時功率理論

【摘要】：隨著大容量及超大容量變壓器的廣泛使用,變壓器主保護性能的重要性也更加凸現(xiàn)出來。因此,研究性能更優(yōu)良的變壓器保護新原理和新算法具有重要的理論價值和實際意義。論文著重基于提升電力變壓器電流縱聯(lián)差動保護的整體性能水平及研究與變壓器差動保護無關(guān)的主保護新原理展開工作,論文研究的主要內(nèi)容和成果有： (1)基于瞬時無功功率理論,提出了基于差有功及差無功直流分量絕對值比值的變壓器涌流辨識新方法。該方法基于變壓器不同狀態(tài)時有功和無功的內(nèi)在關(guān)系,擺脫了傳統(tǒng)的基于差流波形特征的涌流識別方法的種種限制,揭示了變壓器勵磁涌流和故障狀態(tài)的本質(zhì)不同。 (2)變壓器處于勵磁涌流狀態(tài)時,其鐵芯隨勵磁電壓的變化周期性地在飽和狀態(tài)及非飽和狀態(tài)之間擺動,相應(yīng)地其瞬時勵磁電感值也周期性地變化(鐵芯飽和時較小,退出飽和時很大),此時其勵磁電感或電抗值含有較豐富的基頻分量值；基于勵磁電感或電抗的涌流辨識方法把握了涌流與內(nèi)部故障的本質(zhì)差異,但其缺陷是需要測量變壓器繞組的電流值,因而對現(xiàn)場TA(電流互感器)配置有特殊要求,要求能測各側(cè)各相繞組電流。本文提出了基于零序過濾的變壓器勵磁電感計算方法及涌流識別方法,適合于TA按典型方案配置的Y/△接線變壓器,使得勵磁電感涌流辨識方法的應(yīng)用范圍得以擴展。 (3)提出了三種高速功率方向保護算法或原理并應(yīng)用于變壓器保護。方法一是基于瞬時值對稱分量變換的變壓器快速方向保護算法。方法二是基波正序突變量高速方向保護新算法。方法三是濾除高頻暫態(tài)量的突變量高速方向保護原理。方法一采用了特殊設(shè)計的濾波器及快速濾序算法,并根據(jù)新型方向判據(jù)來快速判別故障方向。相比于方法一,方法二、三無需特殊設(shè)計的濾波器,只需采用十分成熟的低通濾波器來濾除高頻暫態(tài)分量,方法二再采用差分濾波來抑制電流非周期分量,然后采用基于帕克變換的新方法來快速計算基波正序故障分量相量,以實現(xiàn)快速的故障方向判別。不同于方法二的快速相量算法,方法三是時域的高速算法,且無需對短路電流非周期分量進行額外處理,并采用了新型相序變換方法以使保護原理能適應(yīng)不同的故障類型。 這三種新型快速方向保護算法或原理,對于一般內(nèi)部故障可在故障后極短時間內(nèi)出口跳閘,可極大提高切除各種情況下變壓器內(nèi)部故障的速度。當(dāng)選用P級電流互感器時,保護可在互感器進入飽和前可靠出口跳閘。 (4)提出了電力變壓器故障分量無功功率方向保護原理。該方案基于故障分量保護原理,只需采集變壓器端口電壓、電流數(shù)據(jù),無需任何先驗參數(shù),擺脫了傳統(tǒng)變壓器差動保護中勵磁涌流識別的束縛,體現(xiàn)了變壓器主保護原理新的研究思路,可應(yīng)用于不同接線組別的變壓器保護,可有效區(qū)分外部近區(qū)故障切除電壓恢復(fù)產(chǎn)生涌流、帶載合閘等各種變壓器狀態(tài)。 (5)提出一種有效區(qū)分空投涌流與空投于故障的變壓器保護新原理。該原理利用帕克變換或瞬時有功、無功電流分量法,可計算變壓器在各種暫態(tài)過程中的基波正序有功、視在電流比值或基波正序功率因數(shù),并根據(jù)這些計算結(jié)果的大小來判斷變壓器是否發(fā)生內(nèi)部故障。該原理與前述的功率方向保護算法相結(jié)合,可構(gòu)成較為完善的變壓器保護方案。
[Abstract]:With the widespread use of large capacity and ultra large capacity transformer, the importance of transformer protection performance is more prominent. Therefore, it has important theoretical value and practical significance to study the performance protection principle and the new algorithm is more excellent. The new principle of transformer main protection paper to enhance power transformer longitudinal differential protection of the overall level of performance and with the research of transformer differential protection based on related work, the research contents and results are:
(1) based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, put forward the difference and difference of active reactive DC component of transformer inrush current identification method based on the absolute value of the ratio. The method is based on the inherent relationship between the different states of transformer active power and reactive power, get rid of the limitations of the traditional based on differential current waveform characteristics of inrush current identification method, reveal the essence of transformer inrush current and fault condition is different.
(2) in transformer inrush current state, its core changes with periodic excitation voltage in saturation and non saturation condition between the swing, the instantaneous excitation inductance value of the periodic changes (core saturation when small, large, this time out of saturation) the excitation inductance or reactance value contains the fundamental component rich value; inrush current identification method of magnetizing inductance or reactance based on the grasp of the essential differences between inrush and internal fault, but its defect is that you need to measure the current of the transformer winding, thus the TA (current transformer) configuration has special requirements, requirements can be measured on each side of each phase winding current is presented in this paper. Method and transformer excitation inrush current identification method based on zero sequence inductance filter, suitable for Y/ transformer in TA delta according to the typical configuration of the inductor in the inrush current identification method of the excitation should be used to expand the scope of Show.
(3) put forward three kinds of high speed power direction protection algorithm or principle and applied to transformer protection. A transformer is fast direction protection algorithm based on instantaneous symmetricalcomponents. Method two is the fundamental positive sequence of variable speed directional protection algorithm. The new method is three variable speed directional protection principle of high frequency transient filtering a method of using a filter. The special design and rapid sequence filter algorithm, and according to the new criterion to judge the direction of fault direction quickly. Compared to the method, the method of two three filters with special design, only need to filter out the high frequency transient components using ten mature low-pass filter method using differential filter two to suppress the current non periodic component, and then the fast calculation of fundamental positive sequence fault component phasor method based on Parke transform, to achieve rapid discrimination of the fault direction is different from the party. The fast phasor algorithm of algorithm two, three is the high-speed algorithm in time domain, and does not need additional processing for the non periodic components of short-circuit current. A new phase sequence transformation method is adopted to make the protection principle adapt to different fault types.
The three new algorithms or fast direction protection principle, for internal fault in the fault in a short time to trip, can greatly improve the rate of resection of the internal fault of transformer under various conditions. When the P current transformer, the transformer protection can saturate before reliable trip.
(4) the power transformer fault component of the reactive power direction protection principle. The scheme of fault component protection principle based on the transformer only collection port voltage, current data, without any prior parameters, get rid of the shackles of traditional identification of inrush current in transformer differential protection, reflects the research ideas of transformer protection principle. Can be used in different transformer wiring group, which can effectively distinguish external near fault recovery voltage surge current, transformer load or other state.
(5) put forward a new principle of transformer to distinguish inrush current and fault to drop drop protection. The principle of using Parke transform or instantaneous active and reactive current component method, the fundamental positive sequence can be calculated in a variety of transformer in transient process of power, as in the current ratio or fundamental positive sequence power factor, and based on these calculation results the size of the judges whether the transformer internal fault. The principle and power direction protection algorithm the combination, may constitute a transformer protection scheme more perfect.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM774

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