本文關(guān)鍵詞：污泥微波熱解氣為燃料的SOFC積碳控制研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 生物質(zhì)氣 污泥微波熱解 固體氧化物燃料電池 抗積碳 產(chǎn)電特性

【摘要】：針對日益緊張的能源形勢,為解決污水污泥處理處置效率低下等問題,實現(xiàn)生物質(zhì)的高效利用,本文基于污水污泥微波熱解生物質(zhì)氣,開展以生物質(zhì)氣為燃料的固體氧化物燃料電池的產(chǎn)電研究。固體氧化物燃料電池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC)是一類將化學能直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的高效發(fā)電裝置,目前阻礙SOFC推廣應(yīng)用的一大難題是,以碳基燃料氣(CH4、CO、C2H4等)運行電池時,電池陽極產(chǎn)生的碳沉積,會破壞電池結(jié)構(gòu)、阻礙氣體傳輸,影響電池放電穩(wěn)定性,以致縮短電池使用壽命。本文利用Ni-YSZ陽極支撐SOFC,基于運行條件及電極材料性能兩大影響因素,開展了操作狀態(tài)優(yōu)化、燃料氣改進、陽極材料改性等方面研究,探討了電池恒流運行的積碳問題,提高了電池運行穩(wěn)定性,使以污泥微波熱解氣為燃料時電池抗積碳性能得到改善。以模擬生物質(zhì)氣為燃料時,較高的操作溫度與工作電流密度有利于電池減少積碳、提高電池恒流運行穩(wěn)定性;在低溫、低電流密度下,電池運行的穩(wěn)定性較差,此時電池的積碳現(xiàn)象嚴重。同時考察了以氫氣和模擬生物氣為燃料時電池的放電性能,結(jié)果表明操作溫度對電池的放電性能影響顯著,電池的最大功率密度隨溫度升高而提高。在燃料氣改進研究中,首先考察了CO2氣體的消碳作用。以CO2/CH4混合氣體為燃料時,探討了不同比例混合氣的放電性能及積碳行為,結(jié)果表明向CH4氣體中添加CO2有助于電池穩(wěn)定運行,在CO2/CH4比例為2時,電池的運行最平穩(wěn)。以模擬生物氣為燃料,提高CO2濃度進行燃料氣改進后,電池的放電性能有所下降,恒流放電穩(wěn)定性得到提升。當模擬生物氣中CO2濃度達到20%時,恒流放電時電池的輸出電壓最穩(wěn)定。向燃料氣中添加水蒸氣后,電池的放電功率有小幅上升,且運行穩(wěn)定性提高,結(jié)果表明當水蒸氣比例達到7%時,電池的恒流放電性能優(yōu)于3%的水蒸氣添加比。通過溶膠-凝膠自蔓延燃燒法制備尖晶石型Mn Fe2O4粉體,以絲網(wǎng)印刷技術(shù)在電池陽極制備Mn Fe2O4阻擋層,經(jīng)掃描電子顯微鏡觀測并考察阻擋層電池的電化學性能。結(jié)果表明,以模擬生物氣為燃料時,較無阻擋層的空白電池,陽極阻擋層電池的放電性能雖有小幅下降,但電池恒流運行穩(wěn)定性得到提升。24小時測試顯示16 wt%石墨阻擋層電池恒流運行表現(xiàn)最佳,恒流后電池放電性能衰減量最小。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of sewage sludge treatment and realize the efficient utilization of biomass, this paper is based on microwave pyrolysis of biomass gas from sewage sludge. The research of solid oxide fuel cell based on biomass gas was carried out. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell was used in solid oxide fuel cell. SOF C) is a kind of high efficiency power generation device which converts chemical energy directly into electric energy. At present, one of the major problems that hinder the popularization and application of SOFC is to use carbon based fuel gas to produce CH4CO. C _ 2H _ 4) when running the battery, the carbon deposition produced by the anode of the battery will destroy the structure of the battery, hinder the gas transfer, and affect the stability of the battery discharge. In this paper, the Ni-YSZ anode is used to support the SOFC, based on the operation conditions and the performance of the electrode material, the operation state optimization and fuel gas improvement are carried out. The carbon deposition in the constant current operation of the battery is discussed, and the stability of the battery is improved. The anti-carbon performance of the cell is improved when the sludge is used as fuel by microwave pyrolysis gas, and the high operating temperature and working current density are favorable to reduce the carbon deposition of the battery when the simulated biomass gas is used as the fuel. Improving the stability of battery constant current operation; At low temperature and low current density, the stability of the cell is poor, and the carbon deposition of the battery is serious. The discharge performance of the cell is also investigated when hydrogen and simulated biogas are used as fuel. The results show that the operating temperature has a significant effect on the discharge performance of the battery, and the maximum power density of the battery increases with the increase of temperature. Firstly, the carbon removal of CO2 gas was investigated. The discharge performance and carbon deposition behavior of different ratios of mixed gases were discussed when CO2/CH4 mixture was used as fuel. The results show that the addition of CO2 to CH4 gas is helpful to the stable operation of the battery, and the most stable operation of the battery is at 2:00 of CO2/CH4. The simulated biogas is used as fuel. After improving the fuel gas concentration of CO2, the discharge performance of the battery decreased, and the stability of constant current discharge was improved. When the concentration of CO2 in the simulated biogas reached 20. After adding water vapor to the fuel gas, the discharge power of the battery increased slightly, and the stability of the battery was improved. The results showed that when the ratio of water vapor reached 7%, the output voltage of the battery was the most stable. The constant current discharge performance of the battery is better than the water vapor addition ratio of 3%. Spinel mn Fe2O4 powders are prepared by sol-gel self-propagating combustion method. The mn Fe2O4 barrier layer was prepared on the anode of the battery by screen printing technique. The electrochemical performance of the barrier layer battery was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the simulated biogas was used as fuel. Compared with the blank cell without barrier layer, the discharge performance of anode barrier layer battery decreased slightly. However, the constant current running stability of the battery was improved. 24 hours test showed that the 16 wt% graphite barrier layer battery had the best constant current operation, and the cell discharge performance attenuation was the least after constant current operation.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM911.4

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本文編號：1368245