【摘要】：現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng)呈現(xiàn)大機組發(fā)電、特高壓輸電和大系統(tǒng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)的特點,對電能質量和系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性提出更高、更嚴格的要求。同步發(fā)電機勵磁控制能夠有效維持電壓水平、提供合格電能、保證機組安全運行、改善系統(tǒng)技術指標。將先進的勵磁控制技術和高性能數(shù)字信號處理器全面而廣泛地應用于現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng),可充分提高系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性。本文基于TMS320F28335DSP,集成多種勵磁控制策略,研究并開發(fā)一套電路簡單、功能完善、界面友好、性能優(yōu)良、經(jīng)濟可觀、面向實驗室進而滿足工程實際中小型發(fā)電機組要求的勵磁控制器,具有一定工程實用價值。本文首先概述了勵磁自動控制系統(tǒng),介紹與分析勵磁系統(tǒng)勵磁方式、控制理論和控制器三大研究方向及DSP的國內外研究現(xiàn)狀,確立本文研究目標,闡述課題意義與實用價值。其次,在單機系統(tǒng)數(shù)學模型上,完成PID、PSS以及多指標非線性MNEC等勵磁規(guī)律的理論研究與仿真,總結出動、靜態(tài)性能優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)PID控制的改進綜合PID離散方法ICPID,并對這些策略進行微機處理與實現(xiàn)。接著,在勵磁功率單元晶閘管故障工況下,通過理論推導和仿真,定性、定量地分析控制觸發(fā)角和整流輸出勵磁電壓的關系,提出相應解決措施,能夠有效減輕故障對系統(tǒng)的不利影響。在勵磁控制理論研究的基礎上,本文對控制器進行設計與開發(fā)。熟悉DSP開發(fā)系統(tǒng)后,搭建控制器硬件平臺,包括總體方案確立、主控芯片選型、硬件原理圖設計以及核心單元和外設單元電路的仿真測試與制作。軟件部分的設計按照模塊化思想,包括明確編程原則、構建主程序流程,編寫各個功能模塊程序,同時,設計軟硬件可靠性以提升控制器性能。此外,本文采用“cMT-SVR+cMT-iV5+移動設備”云端觸摸屏監(jiān)控架構,設計界面并利用Modbus-RTU規(guī)約實現(xiàn)人機交互。最后在實驗室環(huán)境下完成了控制器軟硬件性能測試、靜態(tài)調試與試驗,分析并總結相關結果,對控制器外觀進行設計,以利于勵磁控制器的產(chǎn)品化。理論與實踐表明,本設計的勵磁控制器軟硬件配合協(xié)調,控制效果良好,性能滿足相關國家標準和行業(yè)導則,為推出工業(yè)產(chǎn)品、適應電力系統(tǒng)和市場的發(fā)展建立基石。
[Abstract]:Modern power system presents the characteristics of large unit power generation, UHV transmission and large system networking, and puts forward higher and stricter requirements for power quality and system stability. The excitation control of synchronous generator can effectively maintain the voltage level, provide qualified electric energy, ensure the safe operation of the unit and improve the technical index of the system. The advanced excitation control technology and high performance digital signal processor are widely used in modern power system, which can fully improve the stability of the system. Based on TMS320F28335DSP, integrated excitation control strategy, this paper studies and develops a set of excitation controller with simple circuit, perfect function, friendly interface, excellent performance, considerable economy, facing the laboratory and then meeting the requirements of small and medium-sized generating sets in engineering practice, which has certain engineering practical value. In this paper, the excitation automatic control system is summarized, three research directions of excitation mode, control theory and controller of excitation system and the research status of DSP at home and abroad are introduced and analyzed, the research goal of this paper is established, and the significance and practical value of the subject are expounded. Secondly, on the mathematical model of single machine system, the theoretical research and simulation of excitation law such as PID,PSS and multi-index nonlinear MNEC are completed, and the dynamic and static performance is better than the improved integrated PID discrete method ICPID, which is better than the traditional PID control, and these strategies are processed and realized by microcomputer. Then, under the fault condition of excitation power unit thyristor, the relationship between the control trigger angle and the rectifier output excitation voltage is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through theoretical derivation and simulation, and the corresponding solutions are put forward, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects of the fault on the system. Based on the research of excitation control theory, the controller is designed and developed in this paper. After familiar with the DSP development system, the hardware platform of the controller is built, including the establishment of the overall scheme, the selection of the main control chip, the design of the hardware schematic diagram, and the simulation test and manufacture of the core unit and the peripheral unit circuit. The design of the software part according to the modularization idea, including the clear programming principle, constructs the main program flow, compiles each function module program, at the same time, designs the software and hardware reliability to improve the controller performance. In addition, this paper adopts "cMT-SVR cMT-iV5 mobile device" cloud touch screen monitoring architecture, designs the interface and uses Modbus-RTU protocol to realize human-computer interaction. Finally, the hardware and software performance test, static debugging and test are completed in the laboratory environment, the related results are analyzed and summarized, and the appearance of the controller is designed to facilitate the production of excitation controller. The theory and practice show that the hardware and software of the excitation controller are coordinated, the control effect is good, and the performance meets the relevant national standards and industry guidelines, which establishes the cornerstone for the introduction of industrial products and the adaptation to the development of power system and market.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM31

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