發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-13 23:28

【摘要】：開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)(Switched Reluctance Motor,SRM或SR電機(jī))以其結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、成本低、可靠性高、轉(zhuǎn)速范圍寬等優(yōu)點(diǎn)受到廣泛關(guān)注,近年來得到迅速發(fā)展,但是由于其自身的雙凸極結(jié)構(gòu)以及繞組電流的高度非線性帶來了轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)大、噪聲大的弊端,限制了其在諸多領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。減小SR電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng),拓寬其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,已成為SR電機(jī)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。針對(duì)這一問題,本文在SR電機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制策略研究基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)討論了 12扇區(qū)下的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制、換相區(qū)矢量優(yōu)化和磁鏈無差拍直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制三種控制方案。首先在查閱大量國內(nèi)外有關(guān)SR電機(jī)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了 SR電機(jī)的發(fā)展背景及研究現(xiàn)狀,并深入分析了轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的原因。通過Ansoft二維有限元仿真獲得SR電機(jī)的磁鏈特性和轉(zhuǎn)矩特性,建立了電機(jī)的模型。利用MATLAB/Simulink對(duì)SR電機(jī)的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制算法進(jìn)行了仿真研究。其次在分析基本電壓矢量直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)大的問題基礎(chǔ)上,提出了 12扇區(qū)下的SR電機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制方案。在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建了系統(tǒng)仿真圖,并與傳統(tǒng)6扇區(qū)下的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制作了對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證了算法的可行性。同時(shí)通過仿真分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在換相區(qū)出現(xiàn)脈動(dòng)突增的現(xiàn)象,并從理論上解釋了該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因,提出了換相區(qū)矢量優(yōu)化的方法,并在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建了系統(tǒng)仿真圖,驗(yàn)證了優(yōu)化空間電壓矢量對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)抑制的作用。進(jìn)一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn)由于直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制的滯環(huán)Bang-Bang控制是一種容差控制,針對(duì)此問題提出了磁鏈無差拍直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制方法,基于本周期反饋轉(zhuǎn)矩和磁鏈與給定值的誤差基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)出下一控制周期能補(bǔ)償轉(zhuǎn)矩和磁鏈的空間電壓矢量,并由相鄰基本電壓矢量合成。然后在磁鏈無差拍控制理論基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)系統(tǒng)框圖在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建了仿真圖,并與傳統(tǒng)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)的仿真對(duì)比,通過仿真,可看出磁鏈無差拍對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)具有更好的抑制效果。最后在硬件實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上對(duì)12扇區(qū)下的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制及換相區(qū)矢量優(yōu)化做了實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,這兩種方法在實(shí)際減小轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)方面有一定效果。
[Abstract]:Switched reluctance motor (Switched Reluctance Motor,SRM or SR motor) has been widely concerned because of its simple structure, low cost, high reliability and wide speed range. In recent years, it has been developed rapidly. However, due to its own doubly salient structure and the high nonlinear winding current, it has brought the disadvantages of large torque pulsation and large noise, which limits its application in many fields. To reduce the torque fluctuation of SR motor and broaden its application field has become one of the research hotspots in the field of SR motor. In order to solve this problem, based on the research of direct torque control (DTC) strategy of SR motor, this paper focuses on three control schemes: direct torque control (DTC) in 12 sectors, vector optimization in commutation region and flux chain deadbeat direct torque control (DTC). First of all, on the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign literature on SR motor, this paper expounds the development background and research status of SR motor, and deeply analyzes the causes of torque pulsation. The flux linkage and torque characteristics of SR motor are obtained by Ansoft two-dimensional finite element simulation, and the model of the motor is established. The direct torque control algorithm of SR motor is simulated by MATLAB/Simulink. Secondly, based on the analysis of the problem of large torque fluctuation in basic voltage vector direct torque control (DTC), a direct torque control scheme for SR motor in 12 sectors is proposed. The simulation diagram of the system is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and compared with the direct torque control (DTC) in the traditional 6 sectors, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified. At the same time, through simulation analysis, it is found that the phenomenon of sudden increase of pulsation in the commutation region is found, and the cause of the phenomenon is explained theoretically, and the method of vector optimization of commutation region is put forward, and the system simulation diagram is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment to verify the effect of optimizing space voltage vector on torque pulsation suppression. It is further analyzed and found that the hysteretic Bang-Bang control of direct torque control is a kind of tolerance control. In order to solve this problem, a flux deadbeat direct torque control method is proposed. Based on the feedback torque and the error between flux linkage and given value, the space voltage vector of torque and flux chain can be compensated in the next control period, and the space voltage vector can be synthesized by adjacent basic voltage vectors. Then, on the basis of the theory of flux zero beat control, the simulation diagram is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment according to the system block diagram, and the steady state and dynamic simulation comparison is carried out with the traditional direct torque control. Through the simulation, it can be seen that the flux linkage deadbeat has a better suppression effect on torque pulsation. Finally, the direct torque control (DTC) and vector optimization of commutation region under 12 sectors are analyzed on the hardware experimental platform. The experimental results show that the two methods have some effect in reducing torque pulsation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM352

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