【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著特高壓線路的不斷建成投運(yùn),在提高電力系統(tǒng)輸電上限的同時(shí),也給電網(wǎng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行帶來(lái)更多不確定因素。區(qū)域電網(wǎng)的局部故障極有可能通過(guò)大區(qū)電網(wǎng)間的聯(lián)絡(luò)線快速遠(yuǎn)距離傳播,引發(fā)嚴(yán)重連鎖故障。并且隨著電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行方式日益復(fù)雜,電力系統(tǒng)失步后的失穩(wěn)模式從傳統(tǒng)的兩頻失步向多頻失步轉(zhuǎn)變的趨勢(shì)越發(fā)顯著,傳統(tǒng)基于兩頻失步模型研究所得與失步振蕩中心有關(guān)結(jié)論及判據(jù)其適用性存疑。因此亟需在多頻失步場(chǎng)景下搭建電力系統(tǒng)失步振蕩模型,研究失步振蕩中心變化規(guī)律。本文在查閱了國(guó)內(nèi)外大量文獻(xiàn)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合國(guó)家電網(wǎng)公司大電網(wǎng)重大專項(xiàng)(2012-2015)、國(guó)家電網(wǎng)公司總部科技項(xiàng)目(2016-2018),圍繞多頻失步場(chǎng)景下失步振蕩中心特性與定位判據(jù),開(kāi)展了深入的研究。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容與成果如下:(1)搭建了多頻失步場(chǎng)景下兩種典型的失步振蕩模型,基于所搭建的模型詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)了多頻失步場(chǎng)景下電壓、電流及其頻率的解析表達(dá)式。并發(fā)現(xiàn)在多頻失步振蕩過(guò)程中系統(tǒng)中任一點(diǎn)處的電壓、電流及其頻率與系統(tǒng)內(nèi)等值電源電壓幅值比、電源頻差以及該點(diǎn)在系統(tǒng)內(nèi)所處位置密切相關(guān)。(2)基于所得到的電氣量解析表達(dá)式,通過(guò)數(shù)值仿真及實(shí)際電網(wǎng)算例仿真分析得到了在多頻失步振蕩場(chǎng)景下失步振蕩中心的電壓頻率的變化特性。具體而言就是如果不同的觀測(cè)點(diǎn)位于失步振蕩中心的同一側(cè),那么這些觀測(cè)點(diǎn)的電壓頻率波形的波動(dòng)方向一致;如果線路上不同的觀測(cè)點(diǎn)位于失步振蕩中心的異側(cè),那么這些點(diǎn)電壓頻率波形的波動(dòng)方向相反。(3)分析了電力系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部可能對(duì)失步振蕩中心動(dòng)態(tài)遷移造成影響的因素。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)電力系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)變化、電力系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部配置的串聯(lián)補(bǔ)償器因故障退出運(yùn)行均會(huì)改變電網(wǎng)等值阻抗,從而造成失步振蕩中心的動(dòng)態(tài)遷移;不恰當(dāng)?shù)那胸?fù)荷操作則會(huì)因?yàn)閷?duì)故障后的系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)二次沖擊,改變電力系統(tǒng)主導(dǎo)振蕩模式,從而引發(fā)失步振蕩中心動(dòng)態(tài)遷移;而靜止無(wú)功補(bǔ)償器由于無(wú)法提供足夠數(shù)量的無(wú)功支撐而會(huì)被閉鎖退出運(yùn)行,不會(huì)對(duì)失步振蕩中心動(dòng)態(tài)遷移造成影響。(4)基于所得失步振蕩中心電壓頻率特性,本文給出了多頻失步場(chǎng)景下失步振蕩中心定位及動(dòng)態(tài)遷移判據(jù)。首先對(duì)電壓頻率數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行時(shí)間尺度對(duì)標(biāo)的預(yù)處理,從而減少所需要計(jì)算分析的特征參數(shù)數(shù)量,簡(jiǎn)化了定位判據(jù)的實(shí)施流程。IEEE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)算例及某地區(qū)實(shí)際電網(wǎng)算例仿真驗(yàn)證了所提多頻失步場(chǎng)景下失步振蕩中心定位判據(jù)的快速性與準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous completion and operation of UHV lines, while increasing the transmission upper limit of power system, it also brings more uncertain factors to the safe and stable operation of power grid. The local fault of regional power grid is likely to propagate quickly and remotely through the tie line between large area power grid, which will lead to serious chain fault. With the increasing complexity of the operation mode of the power system, the instability mode of the power system after losing step becomes more and more obvious from the traditional two-frequency out-of-step to the multi-frequency out-of-step. Based on the two-frequency out-of-step model, the traditional conclusions and criteria related to the out-of-step oscillation center are in doubt. Therefore, it is urgent to build the out-of-step oscillation model of power system in the multi-frequency out-of-step scenario, and to study the variation law of the out-of-step oscillation center. On the basis of consulting a large number of literature at home and abroad, this paper combines the major projects of the State Grid Company (2012 / 2015) and the Science and Technology Project of the headquarters of the State Grid Company (2016 / 2018). Based on the characteristics and positioning criteria of out-of-step oscillations in multi-frequency out-of-step scenarios, the characteristics and positioning criteria of out-of-step oscillations are deeply studied. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) two typical out-of-step oscillations models in multi-frequency out-of-step scenarios are built, and the analytical expressions of voltage, current and frequency in multi-frequency out-of-step scenarios are derived in detail. It is found that the voltage, current and frequency at any point in the system during the multi-frequency out-of-step oscillation are proportional to the amplitude of the equivalent power supply voltage in the system. The frequency difference of the power supply and the position of the point in the system are closely related. (2) based on the analytical expression of the electrical quantity, Through numerical simulation and simulation analysis of practical power grid examples, the variation characteristics of voltage frequency of out-of-step oscillation center in multi-frequency out-of-step oscillation scene are obtained. Specifically, if different observation points are located on the same side of the out-of-step oscillation center, then the fluctuation direction of the voltage frequency waveform of these observation points is the same. If different observation points on the line are located on the different side of the out-of-step oscillatory center, then the fluctuation direction of the voltage frequency waveform of these points is opposite. (3) the factors that may affect the dynamic migration of the out-of-step oscillatory center in the power system are analyzed. It is found that the change of power system grid structure and the failure of series compensator in power system will change the equivalent impedance of power network, which will lead to the dynamic migration of out-of-step oscillatory center. The improper load shedding operation will change the dominant oscillation mode of the power system because of the secondary impact on the system after the fault, which will lead to the dynamic migration of the out-of-step oscillatory center. However, the static reactive power compensator will be locked out of operation because it can not provide a sufficient amount of reactive power support, which will not affect the dynamic migration of the out-of-step oscillatory center. (4) based on the voltage and frequency characteristics of the out-of-step oscillatory center, In this paper, the criteria of center location and dynamic migration of out-of-step oscillations in multi-frequency out-of-step scenarios are given. First, the voltage frequency data is preprocessed by time scale to reduce the number of characteristic parameters that need to be calculated and analyzed. The implementation flow of the positioning criterion is simplified. The simulation results of the IEEE standard example and the actual power grid example in a certain area verify the rapidity and accuracy of the proposed out-of-step oscillatory center location criterion in the multi-frequency out-of-step scenario.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM712

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本文編號(hào)：2496679