【摘要】：作為保障電力系統(tǒng)可靠運(yùn)行的第一道防線,繼電保護(hù)系統(tǒng)是電力系統(tǒng)安全保障體系的一個(gè)重要組成部分。近年來,隨著我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷進(jìn)步,我國電網(wǎng)建設(shè)也處在一個(gè)高速發(fā)展時(shí)期。隨著電網(wǎng)規(guī)模的日益擴(kuò)大、電壓等級和輸電容量的不斷增加,電網(wǎng)中的各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)之間的電氣聯(lián)系也變得愈加緊密和復(fù)雜。這一方面提高了電力系統(tǒng)的供電能力和效率,另一方面給電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行增加了更多不確定性,以及電網(wǎng)事故的危害程度。當(dāng)電網(wǎng)中某一位置發(fā)生故障后,如果繼電保護(hù)系統(tǒng)不能快速、有選擇性地切除故障,極易導(dǎo)致事故蔓延成為連鎖性故障而使電網(wǎng)面臨癱瘓的危險(xiǎn)。因此,評估繼電保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行可靠性,發(fā)現(xiàn)其運(yùn)行的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),以及采取相應(yīng)的措施來改善繼電保護(hù)的運(yùn)行性能具有很好的工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。本文對繼電保護(hù)可靠性評估課題的研究歷史和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做了相關(guān)闡述,論述了保護(hù)可靠性評估中存在的一些問題。分析了影響保護(hù)可靠性的多方而因素,從保護(hù)機(jī)理性失效出發(fā),考慮到電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行條件的實(shí)時(shí)性和多變性特征,定義了保護(hù)可靠性指標(biāo),建立了保護(hù)可靠性評估模型,并推導(dǎo)出可靠性指標(biāo)的具體算法,對配置在輸電線路上的階段式電流保護(hù)和距離保護(hù)的可靠性做了相關(guān)探討和研究。論文的具體工作如下：(1)闡述了繼電保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成和工作特性,綜合分析了影響繼電保護(hù)運(yùn)行可靠性的各種因素,基于保護(hù)機(jī)理性失效,論文指出基于保護(hù)軟硬件、斷路器、二次回路等其他相關(guān)單元的失效模型所得到的保護(hù)可靠性評估結(jié)果只能反映保護(hù)的平均可靠性水平。研究表明,保護(hù)的設(shè)計(jì)原理、配置和整定、電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行方式以及短路類型等電網(wǎng)的實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行條件對保護(hù)誤動和拒動的影響很大,才是影響保護(hù)可靠性的主要因素。(2)在之前文獻(xiàn)所提出的保護(hù)可靠性指標(biāo)—保護(hù)運(yùn)行拒動概率和保護(hù)運(yùn)行誤動概率的基礎(chǔ)上,本論文給出了可靠性評估指標(biāo)—保護(hù)動作百分比,該指標(biāo)可以反映出當(dāng)輸電線路上任意位置處發(fā)生短路故障后保護(hù)各段的實(shí)際動作概率,以從故障切除時(shí)間和故障切除準(zhǔn)確程度等角度反映電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行條件的變化對保護(hù)誤動或拒動的影響程度。(3)對于階段式電流保護(hù),分析了保護(hù)各段的動作概率在輸電線路上的分布情況,建立了階段式電流保護(hù)動作概率沿線分布模型。(4)對于距離保護(hù),研究了全阻抗繼電器特性,分析了保護(hù)各段的動作概率在阻抗圓上的分布,建立了距離保護(hù)動作概率分布模型。(5)基于保護(hù)動作機(jī)理,推導(dǎo)出保護(hù)各段動作百分比的算法。最后通過具體的算例,展示了保護(hù)動作百分比的算法,闡述如何根據(jù)保護(hù)百分比計(jì)算結(jié)果來定量分析保護(hù)的可靠性。
[Abstract]:As the first line of defense to ensure the reliable operation of power system, relay protection system is an important part of power system security system. In recent years, with the continuous progress of our national economy, China's power grid construction is also in a period of rapid development. With the increasing scale of power grid and the increase of voltage level and transmission capacity, the electrical relationship between the subsystems in the power grid has become more and more close and complex. On the one hand, the power supply capacity and efficiency of the power system are improved, on the other hand, more uncertainty is added to the operation of the power grid, as well as the harm degree of power grid accidents. When a fault occurs at a certain position in the power grid, if the relay protection system can not remove the fault quickly and selectively, it will easily lead to the accident spreading into a chain fault and make the power grid face the risk of paralysis. Therefore, it is of good engineering application value and practical guiding significance to evaluate the operation reliability of relay protection system, find out the weak links of its operation, and take corresponding measures to improve the operation performance of relay protection. In this paper, the research history and development status of relay protection reliability evaluation are described, and some problems existing in protection reliability evaluation are discussed. The factors that affect the reliability of protection are analyzed. Starting from the failure of protection mechanism, considering the real-time and variability characteristics of power grid operation conditions, the protection reliability index is defined, and the evaluation model of protection reliability is established. The specific algorithm of reliability index is deduced, and the reliability of stage current protection and distance protection configured on transmission line is discussed and studied. The concrete work of this paper is as follows: (1) the structure composition and working characteristics of relay protection system are described, and various factors affecting the operation reliability of relay protection are comprehensively analyzed. Based on the failure of protection mechanism, the paper points out that based on the protection software and hardware, The evaluation results of protection reliability obtained by the failure model of circuit breaker, secondary circuit and other related units can only reflect the average reliability level of protection. The research shows that the design principle, configuration and setting of the protection, the operation mode of the power grid and the real-time operation conditions of the short-circuit type have a great influence on the misoperation and rejection of the protection. Is the main factor affecting the protection reliability. (2) on the basis of the protection reliability index proposed in the previous literature, the protection operation rejection probability and the protection operation misoperation probability, In this paper, the reliability evaluation index, the percentage of protection action, is given, which can reflect the actual operation probability of each section of protection after short circuit fault occurs at any position on the transmission line. The influence of the change of power grid operation conditions on the misoperation or rejection of protection is reflected from the point of view of fault removal time and accuracy of fault removal. (3) for stage current protection, The distribution of action probability of each section of protection on transmission line is analyzed, and the distribution model along the action probability of stage current protection is established. (4) for distance protection, the characteristics of full impedance relay are studied. The distribution of action probability of each section of protection on impedance circle is analyzed, and the probability distribution model of distance protection action is established. (5) based on the mechanism of protection action, the algorithm of action percentage of each section of protection is derived. Finally, through a specific example, the algorithm of protection action percentage is shown, and how to quantitatively analyze the reliability of protection according to the calculation results of protection percentage is expounded.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM732;TM77

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉曉賢;;對銀南電網(wǎng)開展“六復(fù)核”工作的探討[J];寧夏電力;2004年03期

2 陳彥鋒;;創(chuàng)新電網(wǎng)安全經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的對策[J];中國高新技術(shù)企業(yè);2007年15期

3 林森;;2008年3月華東電網(wǎng)電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行總體情況[J];華東電力;2008年04期

4 ;電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行培訓(xùn)部[J];山東電力高等專科學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2010年02期

5 吳敏;;冰凍威脅電網(wǎng)安全 廣西電網(wǎng)調(diào)度中心積極防控[J];廣西電業(yè);2011年01期

6 姜瑞峰;;加強(qiáng)電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行維護(hù)安全工作的措施[J];農(nóng)村電氣化;2013年06期

7 蒙定中;大電網(wǎng)與大機(jī)組的協(xié)調(diào)(一)[J];電力系統(tǒng)自動化;1986年05期

8 ;提高認(rèn)識、狠抓落實(shí)，，努力開創(chuàng)我局電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行工作的新局面──張惠清總工程師在青海電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行工作會議上的總結(jié)講話[J];青海電力;1996年03期

9 諸兵;;淺談電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行技術(shù)的優(yōu)化[J];科技與企業(yè);2013年24期

10 唐長春;;電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行中自動化程度的探究[J];電子技術(shù)與軟件工程;2013年23期

相關(guān)會議論文 前10條

1 ;全國電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行與控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會成立[A];《電站信息》2009年第1期[C];2009年

2 閔勇;魯宗相;喬穎;徐飛;;風(fēng)電從“并網(wǎng)”到“融入”大電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的轉(zhuǎn)變[A];2010年電力系統(tǒng)自動化學(xué)術(shù)研討會論文集[C];2010年

3 韓自奮;;甘肅電網(wǎng)氣象信息服務(wù)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用功能探討[A];水電站梯級調(diào)度及自動控制技術(shù)研討會論文集[C];2008年

4 吳琛;李玲芳;張丹;張杰;程e

本文編號：2494208