高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的交流損耗研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-22 09:21
【摘要】：超導(dǎo)電力技術(shù)是對電力行業(yè)非常重要的前沿技術(shù)之一,高溫超導(dǎo)體具有體積小,載流能力強(qiáng)等特點,作為載流導(dǎo)體應(yīng)用于大容量、低損耗輸電有著廣泛的前景。然而目前超導(dǎo)體必須應(yīng)用在低溫環(huán)境下,超導(dǎo)體的交流損耗的存在,不但會增加其制冷費用,還會降低超導(dǎo)電力設(shè)備的穩(wěn)定性。所以,對高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的交流損耗的研究有著十分重要的意義。本文首先詳細(xì)敘述了高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的交流損耗的研究背景與國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀。從理論方面,對高溫超涂層導(dǎo)體在自場、直流背景場和交流背景場下的損耗進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。敘述了其損耗產(chǎn)生的原因與種類,以及降低高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的交流損耗的方法。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,列舉了交流損耗的理論計算模型,如Norris模型。并對這些理論模型進(jìn)行了計算,繪制了交流損耗的頻率特性曲線。使用有限元仿真軟件COMSOL對高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的自場損耗進(jìn)行了仿真。得到了高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體在傳輸交流電流時,其帶材內(nèi)的電流密度分布。進(jìn)一步得到了自場交流損耗的仿真值。通過將仿真值與Norris公式的理論值進(jìn)行對比,驗證了仿真的可靠性與正確性。系統(tǒng)的闡述了高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的交流損耗的測量方法。詳細(xì)分析了三種測量方法的原理,對比各種測量方法的優(yōu)劣與適用情況。在結(jié)合現(xiàn)有實驗條件的基礎(chǔ)上,搭建了自場、直流背景場和交流背景場下的交流損耗測量平臺。分析了所搭建的平臺的優(yōu)點與不足,并對其誤差進(jìn)行了簡單的分析。并且提出了對現(xiàn)有實驗平臺的改進(jìn)方案。用自主搭建的實驗平臺,在液氮環(huán)境下(77K)測量了Bi系高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體與YBCO超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體的自場損耗和直流與交流背景場下的交流損耗。通過對實驗數(shù)據(jù)的繪制與分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其與理論模型吻合良好。分析了實驗數(shù)據(jù)與理論數(shù)據(jù)存在偏差的原因。比較分析了兩種超導(dǎo)體的交流損耗的異同并解釋了具體原因。進(jìn)一步得到了高溫超導(dǎo)涂層導(dǎo)體交流損耗的特點及直流背景場與交流背景場對其的影響規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Superconducting power technology is one of the most important frontier technologies for the power industry. High temperature superconductors have the characteristics of small volume and strong current carrying capacity. As current carrying conductors, they have a wide range of prospects for large capacity and low loss transmission. However, at present, superconductors must be applied to low temperature environment. The existence of AC loss of superconductors will not only increase the refrigeration cost, but also reduce the stability of superconducting power equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the AC loss of HTS coated conductors. In this paper, the research background and research status of AC loss of HTS coated conductors are described in detail. Theoretically, the losses of high temperature supercoated conductors in self-field, DC background field and AC background field are analyzed in detail. The causes and types of loss are described, and the methods to reduce the AC loss of HTS coated conductors are also described. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the theoretical calculation model of AC loss, such as Norris model, is listed. These theoretical models are calculated and the frequency characteristic curves of AC loss are drawn. The self-field loss of HTS coated conductors is simulated by using the finite element simulation software COMSOL. The current density distribution in the strip of HTS coated conductor when transmitting AC current is obtained. Furthermore, the simulation value of self-field AC loss is obtained. By comparing the simulation value with the theoretical value of Norris formula, the reliability and correctness of the simulation are verified. The measurement method of AC loss of HTS coated conductors is systematically described. The principles of the three measurement methods are analyzed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are compared. On the basis of the existing experimental conditions, an AC loss measurement platform under self-field, DC background field and AC background field is built. The advantages and disadvantages of the platform are analyzed, and the error is simply analyzed. And the improvement scheme of the existing experimental platform is put forward. The self-field loss of Bi high temperature superconducting coating conductor and YBCO superconducting coating conductor and the AC loss in DC and AC background field were measured by using an experimental platform built by ourselves in liquid nitrogen environment (77K). Through the drawing and analysis of the experimental data, it is found that it is in good agreement with the theoretical model. The reasons for the deviation between the experimental data and the theoretical data are analyzed. The similarities and differences of AC loss between the two superconductors are compared and analyzed and the specific reasons are explained. The characteristics of AC loss of HTS coated conductors and the influence of DC background field and AC background field on it are further obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM26
[Abstract]:Superconducting power technology is one of the most important frontier technologies for the power industry. High temperature superconductors have the characteristics of small volume and strong current carrying capacity. As current carrying conductors, they have a wide range of prospects for large capacity and low loss transmission. However, at present, superconductors must be applied to low temperature environment. The existence of AC loss of superconductors will not only increase the refrigeration cost, but also reduce the stability of superconducting power equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the AC loss of HTS coated conductors. In this paper, the research background and research status of AC loss of HTS coated conductors are described in detail. Theoretically, the losses of high temperature supercoated conductors in self-field, DC background field and AC background field are analyzed in detail. The causes and types of loss are described, and the methods to reduce the AC loss of HTS coated conductors are also described. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the theoretical calculation model of AC loss, such as Norris model, is listed. These theoretical models are calculated and the frequency characteristic curves of AC loss are drawn. The self-field loss of HTS coated conductors is simulated by using the finite element simulation software COMSOL. The current density distribution in the strip of HTS coated conductor when transmitting AC current is obtained. Furthermore, the simulation value of self-field AC loss is obtained. By comparing the simulation value with the theoretical value of Norris formula, the reliability and correctness of the simulation are verified. The measurement method of AC loss of HTS coated conductors is systematically described. The principles of the three measurement methods are analyzed in detail, and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are compared. On the basis of the existing experimental conditions, an AC loss measurement platform under self-field, DC background field and AC background field is built. The advantages and disadvantages of the platform are analyzed, and the error is simply analyzed. And the improvement scheme of the existing experimental platform is put forward. The self-field loss of Bi high temperature superconducting coating conductor and YBCO superconducting coating conductor and the AC loss in DC and AC background field were measured by using an experimental platform built by ourselves in liquid nitrogen environment (77K). Through the drawing and analysis of the experimental data, it is found that it is in good agreement with the theoretical model. The reasons for the deviation between the experimental data and the theoretical data are analyzed. The similarities and differences of AC loss between the two superconductors are compared and analyzed and the specific reasons are explained. The characteristics of AC loss of HTS coated conductors and the influence of DC background field and AC background field on it are further obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM26
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