【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的急速發(fā)展,電力需求和對(duì)節(jié)能減排的要求日益提高,風(fēng)能作為一種最具商業(yè)價(jià)值的可再生能源越來(lái)越受到各國(guó)重視。風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡作為風(fēng)電不確定性和波動(dòng)性的典型事件,對(duì)電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性的影響巨大。本文以大規(guī)模風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡事件為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)大規(guī)模風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡優(yōu)化控制策略進(jìn)行研究,主要研究工作如下:簡(jiǎn)述了風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)理論,建立了雙饋感應(yīng)風(fēng)電機(jī)組數(shù)學(xué)模型與風(fēng)電場(chǎng)數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對(duì)低風(fēng)速工況下未引起切機(jī)的風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡過(guò)程,提出了一種低風(fēng)速下風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡優(yōu)化控制策略。利用帶精英策略的非支配排序的遺傳算法對(duì)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡曲線進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得到了兼顧爬坡率與棄風(fēng)量的功率參考曲線,通過(guò)雙饋感應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)變流器與變槳距角相結(jié)合的反饋控制方式,使風(fēng)電場(chǎng)輸出功率曲線跟蹤參考曲線。在MATLAB/Simulink環(huán)境下進(jìn)行仿真算例計(jì)算分析,驗(yàn)證了低風(fēng)速工況下風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡控制策略的有效性和優(yōu)越性。針對(duì)高風(fēng)速工況下含切機(jī)的風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡過(guò)程,提出了一種高風(fēng)速下含切機(jī)過(guò)程的風(fēng)電場(chǎng)功率爬坡優(yōu)化控制策略。利用帶精英策略的非支配排序的遺傳算法對(duì)功率爬坡曲線進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得到了切機(jī)過(guò)程的參考曲線。根據(jù)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)中各臺(tái)機(jī)組的不同風(fēng)速特性與故障率,首次提出了預(yù)切機(jī)優(yōu)先度系數(shù),同時(shí)計(jì)算出各臺(tái)風(fēng)機(jī)的切機(jī)時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn),依據(jù)優(yōu)先度系數(shù)的大小順序與時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)逐次切機(jī),使風(fēng)電場(chǎng)整體的輸出功率曲線跟蹤優(yōu)化所得的參考曲線,以減弱高風(fēng)速下風(fēng)電機(jī)組切機(jī)造成的功率劇烈波動(dòng)。利用RTDS實(shí)時(shí)仿真平臺(tái)與DSP物理控制器,搭建了半物理仿真系統(tǒng)并進(jìn)行了半物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本文所提出的控制策略的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the global economy, the demand for electricity and the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction are increasing day by day. Wind energy, as one of the most commercially valuable renewable energy sources, has been paid more and more attention by many countries. As a typical event of wind power uncertainty and volatility, wind farm power climbing has a great impact on the stability of power grid. Taking the power climbing event of large-scale wind farm as the research object, this paper studies the optimal control strategy of large-scale wind farm power climbing. The main research work is as follows: the basic theory of wind turbine technology is briefly described. The mathematical model of doubly-fed induction wind turbine and the mathematical model of wind farm are established. Aiming at the power climbing process of wind farm without cutting machine under low wind speed, an optimal control strategy for wind farm power climbing under low wind speed is proposed. The power climbing curve of wind farm is optimized by using the genetic algorithm with elite strategy, and the power reference curve is obtained, which takes into account both the climbing rate and the abandoned air volume. Through the feedback control mode of doubly-fed induction generator converter and variable pitch angle, the output power curve of wind farm can track the reference curve. A simulation example is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the power climbing control strategy for wind farm under the condition of low wind speed. Aiming at the power climbing process of wind farm with cutting machine under high wind speed, an optimal control strategy for wind farm power climbing process with cutting machine under high wind speed is proposed in this paper. The undominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy is used to optimize the power climbing curve, and the reference curve of cutting process is obtained. According to the different wind speed characteristics and failure rate of each unit in the wind farm, the priority coefficient of the pre-cutting machine is put forward for the first time, and the cutting time node of each fan is calculated at the same time. According to the order of the priority coefficient and the time node, The output power curve of the wind farm as a whole tracks the optimized reference curve in order to reduce the sharp fluctuation of the power caused by the cutting of the wind turbine under high wind speed. Using RTDS real-time simulation platform and DSP physical controller, a semi-physical simulation system is built and semi-physical experiments are carried out. The experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海電機(jī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM614

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本文編號(hào)：2474529