大規(guī)模風電經串補送出引起的次同步振蕩機理分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-29 13:47
【摘要】：我國地域遼闊,能源資源分布與負荷發(fā)展極不平衡。近年來,風電場的建設容量大幅度提升,大規(guī)模的風電建設與并網運行,為解決能源危機和消納問題提供解決方案。然而,風力發(fā)電主要以串聯補償和風火打捆的形式進行輸送功率。第一種外送方式下可能存在次同步振蕩的威脅,第二種方式下,原有同步發(fā)電機系統(tǒng)的阻尼特性也可能引發(fā)振蕩現象。近些年,相關工作者將次同步振蕩問題進行了分類,提出風電場與串補輸電系統(tǒng)在次同步頻率范圍內發(fā)生能量轉換的一種相互作用現象,稱為風電場次同步振蕩(Sub-synchronous Oscillation,SSO),包含次同步諧振(Sub-synchronous resonance,SSR)、在次同步頻率下快速響應的風電機組控制器與軸系相互作用引發(fā)的次同步扭矩相互作用(Sub-synchronous control,SSTI)、風電機組控制器與固定串補系統(tǒng)引發(fā)的次同步控制相互作用(Sub-synchronous control interaction,SSCI)三方面。本文針對大型風電場經固定串補外送功率引發(fā)的次同步振蕩現象,首先以雙饋風電機組作為研究對象,建立適用于SSO分析的DFIG系統(tǒng)模型,其中包括汽輪機扭矩軸系、雙饋感應發(fā)電機、串補輸電線路以及換流器控制系統(tǒng)的數學模型,然后通過小信號分析法對上述模型進行建模,求出線性化系統(tǒng)方程的系數矩陣,并計算矩陣的特征值與特征向量,得到不同振蕩模態(tài)下的頻率,采用特征值分析法分析各個振蕩模態(tài)下所對應狀態(tài)變量的參與因子程度。然后通過MATLAB/Simulink仿真平臺建立時域仿真模型,對上述所建系統(tǒng)的有效性進行驗證,并分析系統(tǒng)參數以及換流器控制器的內部參數對SSO的阻尼比影響關系,進而分析出對SSO的阻尼特性。研究結果顯示:串補度增大、風電機組容量增大、風速減小、轉子側換流器(Rotor side converter,RSC)控制器內環(huán)參數增大都會使得SSO顯著增強,并且證明RSC外環(huán)參數對SSO特性影響并不顯著。最后,建立有功功率-轉速和無功功率-轉速的傳遞函數,進而求解出各自所能提供正阻尼的相位角區(qū)域,然后建立目標函數,通過遺傳算法求解PID相位補償的傳遞函數參數,建立出有功-轉速和無功-轉速環(huán)的優(yōu)化控制策略。時域仿真驗證該策略能在全頻帶范圍內向系統(tǒng)提供正阻尼,且無功-轉速環(huán)附加阻尼控制策略更優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:China's vast territory, the distribution of energy resources and load development is extremely unbalanced. In recent years, the construction capacity of wind farms has been greatly increased, and large-scale wind power construction and grid-connected operation provide solutions for solving energy crisis and consumption problems. However, wind power generation is mainly carried out in the form of series compensation and wind-fire bundling. In the first mode, there may be the threat of subsynchronous oscillation, and in the second mode, the damping characteristics of the original synchronous generator system may also cause the oscillation phenomenon. In recent years, the problem of sub-synchronous oscillation has been classified by relevant workers, and a kind of interaction phenomenon between wind farm and series compensation transmission system in the range of sub-synchronous frequency has been put forward, which is called wind power field sub-synchronous oscillation (Sub-synchronous Oscillation,). The SSO), includes the secondary synchronous resonance (Sub-synchronous resonance,SSR), the secondary synchronous torque interaction (Sub-synchronous control,SSTI) caused by the interaction between the wind turbine controller and the shafting at the sub-synchronous frequency. There are three aspects of subsynchronous control interaction (Sub-synchronous control interaction,SSCI) between wind turbine controller and fixed series compensation system. In this paper, according to the phenomenon of sub-synchronous oscillation caused by fixed series compensation output power in large-scale wind farm, firstly, the doubly-fed wind turbine is taken as the research object, and the DFIG system model suitable for SSO analysis is established, including turbine torque shaft system. The mathematical models of doubly-fed induction generator, series compensation transmission line and converter control system are established. Then the model is modeled by small signal analysis, and the coefficient matrix of linearized system equation is obtained. The eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of the matrix are calculated and the frequencies under different oscillation modes are obtained. The participation factors of the corresponding state variables under each oscillation mode are analyzed by the eigenvalue analysis method. Then the time-domain simulation model is established through MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform to verify the effectiveness of the above-mentioned system and analyze the relationship between the system parameters and the internal parameters of the converter controller on the damping ratio of the SSO. Furthermore, the damping characteristics of SSO are analyzed. The results show that the increase of series compensation, the increase of wind turbine capacity, the decrease of wind speed, and the increase of inner ring parameters of rotor side converter (Rotor side converter,RSC) controller will significantly enhance the SSO. It is also proved that the influence of RSC outer ring parameters on SSO characteristics is not significant. Finally, the transfer functions of active power-speed and reactive power-speed are established, and then the phase angle regions which can provide positive damping are solved. Then the objective function is established, and the transfer function parameters of PID phase compensation are solved by genetic algorithm. The optimal control strategy of active power-speed loop and reactive-power-speed loop is established. The time domain simulation shows that the proposed strategy can provide positive damping to the system in the full band range, and the additional damping control strategy of reactive power-speed loop is better than that of the control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM614;TM712
本文編號：2449605
[Abstract]:China's vast territory, the distribution of energy resources and load development is extremely unbalanced. In recent years, the construction capacity of wind farms has been greatly increased, and large-scale wind power construction and grid-connected operation provide solutions for solving energy crisis and consumption problems. However, wind power generation is mainly carried out in the form of series compensation and wind-fire bundling. In the first mode, there may be the threat of subsynchronous oscillation, and in the second mode, the damping characteristics of the original synchronous generator system may also cause the oscillation phenomenon. In recent years, the problem of sub-synchronous oscillation has been classified by relevant workers, and a kind of interaction phenomenon between wind farm and series compensation transmission system in the range of sub-synchronous frequency has been put forward, which is called wind power field sub-synchronous oscillation (Sub-synchronous Oscillation,). The SSO), includes the secondary synchronous resonance (Sub-synchronous resonance,SSR), the secondary synchronous torque interaction (Sub-synchronous control,SSTI) caused by the interaction between the wind turbine controller and the shafting at the sub-synchronous frequency. There are three aspects of subsynchronous control interaction (Sub-synchronous control interaction,SSCI) between wind turbine controller and fixed series compensation system. In this paper, according to the phenomenon of sub-synchronous oscillation caused by fixed series compensation output power in large-scale wind farm, firstly, the doubly-fed wind turbine is taken as the research object, and the DFIG system model suitable for SSO analysis is established, including turbine torque shaft system. The mathematical models of doubly-fed induction generator, series compensation transmission line and converter control system are established. Then the model is modeled by small signal analysis, and the coefficient matrix of linearized system equation is obtained. The eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of the matrix are calculated and the frequencies under different oscillation modes are obtained. The participation factors of the corresponding state variables under each oscillation mode are analyzed by the eigenvalue analysis method. Then the time-domain simulation model is established through MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform to verify the effectiveness of the above-mentioned system and analyze the relationship between the system parameters and the internal parameters of the converter controller on the damping ratio of the SSO. Furthermore, the damping characteristics of SSO are analyzed. The results show that the increase of series compensation, the increase of wind turbine capacity, the decrease of wind speed, and the increase of inner ring parameters of rotor side converter (Rotor side converter,RSC) controller will significantly enhance the SSO. It is also proved that the influence of RSC outer ring parameters on SSO characteristics is not significant. Finally, the transfer functions of active power-speed and reactive power-speed are established, and then the phase angle regions which can provide positive damping are solved. Then the objective function is established, and the transfer function parameters of PID phase compensation are solved by genetic algorithm. The optimal control strategy of active power-speed loop and reactive-power-speed loop is established. The time domain simulation shows that the proposed strategy can provide positive damping to the system in the full band range, and the additional damping control strategy of reactive power-speed loop is better than that of the control strategy.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM614;TM712
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