【摘要】：隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展,人們面臨著不可再生能源枯竭和環(huán)境保護(hù)的雙重壓力,促使著新能源的快速發(fā)展。將風(fēng)能、太陽能等分布式電源以微電網(wǎng)的方式并入大電網(wǎng)中有著重要的意義,但是由于風(fēng)、光的不確定性和隨機(jī)性等因素,微電網(wǎng)的輸出功率具有很大的波動性,若直接并網(wǎng)將會對主網(wǎng)造成影響。此外,微電網(wǎng)在并/離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行模式之間相互切換時,會出現(xiàn)功率缺額、造成沖擊和震蕩等問題。因此,近年來國內(nèi)外研究人員致力于將混合儲能裝置應(yīng)用到微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中,這對提高微電網(wǎng)的供電可靠性有著重要的意義。本文將超級電容器和蓄電池組成的混合儲能裝置應(yīng)用到風(fēng)光互補(bǔ)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中,以基于風(fēng)光混合儲能的微電網(wǎng)為研究對象,對平抑風(fēng)光輸出功率波動和實(shí)現(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)平滑切換的控制策略進(jìn)行了研究。首先,建立各個微電源的數(shù)學(xué)模型。對光伏電池、風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)和混合儲能裝置的工作原理進(jìn)行分析并建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用Matlab/simulink搭建仿真模型。其次,提出基于引入修正系數(shù)的混合儲能裝置功率分配策略�；诔夒娙萜骱托铍姵馗髯缘奶攸c(diǎn)不同,設(shè)計混合儲能裝置的功率分配策略。為了避免超級電容器因能量密度小而達(dá)到限值停止工作,本文引入修正系數(shù)對超級電容輸出功率的參考值進(jìn)行修正,且根據(jù)超級電容端電壓的值,實(shí)時調(diào)整修正系數(shù)。再次,對混合儲能裝置的容量進(jìn)行優(yōu)化�；诮�(jīng)濟(jì)性和可靠性的要求,建立混合儲能裝置的容量優(yōu)化模型,利用改進(jìn)的粒子群優(yōu)化算法對儲能裝置容量進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;基于功率分配策略中混合儲能裝置的作用不同,分別設(shè)計二者的DC/DC變換器控制策略,為了避免過充過放的現(xiàn)象,加入超級電容端電壓保護(hù)和蓄電池荷電狀態(tài)保護(hù)控制;搭建風(fēng)光混合儲能系統(tǒng)的仿真模型,基于Los Angeles風(fēng)電場風(fēng)速數(shù)據(jù)和光照強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行仿真,對本文提出的引入修正系數(shù)的混合儲能裝置功率分配策略在平抑功率波動中的有效性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。最后對基于混合儲能裝置的微電網(wǎng)并/離網(wǎng)切換控制策略進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證。利用搭建的微電網(wǎng)模型,對基于混合儲能裝置的微電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)/離網(wǎng)平滑切換控制策略進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,并對孤網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時基于實(shí)時風(fēng)光輸出情況下的負(fù)荷波動進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證孤網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時混合儲能裝置在維持系統(tǒng)功率平衡中的作用。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of society, people are facing the double pressure of non-renewable energy depletion and environmental protection, which promote the rapid development of new energy sources. It is of great significance to integrate wind and solar power into the large power grid in the form of micro-grid. However, due to the uncertainty and randomness of wind, light and other factors, the output power of micro-grid has great fluctuation. If directly connected to the network will have an impact on the main network. In addition, when switching between parallel / off-grid operation modes, there will be some problems such as power shortage, shock and vibration. Therefore, in recent years, researchers at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the application of hybrid energy storage devices to micro-grid systems, which is of great significance to improve the reliability of micro-grid power supply. In this paper, the hybrid energy storage device composed of supercapacitor and battery is applied to the wind-wind complementary power generation system, and the micro-grid based on wind-wind hybrid energy storage is taken as the research object. The control strategy of suppressing wind and wind output power fluctuation and realizing smooth switching of microgrid is studied in this paper. First of all, the mathematical model of each micro-power source is established. The working principle of photovoltaic cell, wind power generation system and hybrid energy storage device is analyzed and the mathematical model is established. The simulation model is built by using Matlab/simulink. Secondly, a hybrid energy storage device power allocation strategy based on the introduction of modified coefficient is proposed. Based on the different characteristics of supercapacitor and battery, the power distribution strategy of hybrid energy storage device is designed. In order to avoid the supercapacitor from stopping working because of the low energy density, the correction coefficient is introduced to modify the reference value of the output power of the supercapacitor, and the correction coefficient is adjusted in real time according to the value of the terminal voltage of the supercapacitor. Thirdly, the capacity of the hybrid energy storage device is optimized. Based on the requirement of economy and reliability, the capacity optimization model of hybrid energy storage device is established, and the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the capacity of energy storage device. Based on the different functions of the hybrid energy storage devices in the power distribution strategy, the DC/DC converter control strategies are designed respectively. In order to avoid overcharging and over-discharge, the super capacitor terminal voltage protection and the battery charge state protection control are added. The simulation model of wind and wind hybrid energy storage system is built and simulated based on wind speed data and light intensity of Los Angeles wind farm. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid energy storage device power allocation strategy with modified coefficient in suppressing power fluctuation is verified. Finally, the parallel / off-grid switching control strategy based on hybrid energy storage device is simulated and verified. Using the built-up micro-grid model, the smooth switching control strategy of grid-connected / off-grid based on hybrid energy storage device is verified, and the load fluctuation based on real-time wind and wind output is simulated when the isolated network is running. The function of the hybrid energy storage device in maintaining the power balance of the system is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM727

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