發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-14 17:48

【摘要】：風(fēng)電的波動(dòng)性和間歇性導(dǎo)致了風(fēng)電無法大規(guī)模地并入電網(wǎng),造成了大量的棄風(fēng)現(xiàn)象和極大的能源浪費(fèi)。而儲(chǔ)能裝置的廣泛應(yīng)用,可以消納波動(dòng)的風(fēng)功率,是克服風(fēng)電發(fā)展瓶頸的一種有效手段。本文將針對(duì)一種新興的儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)——深冷儲(chǔ)能技術(shù),進(jìn)行了深入研究。本文將建立深冷儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)模型,基于此對(duì)深冷儲(chǔ)能發(fā)電機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)特性展開深入分析,并依據(jù)其動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性,建立深冷儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)在風(fēng)功率消納中的有效控制策略。首先,深冷儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的充放電過程是相互獨(dú)立的兩個(gè)單元,所以分別基于儲(chǔ)能環(huán)節(jié)和釋能環(huán)節(jié)中各裝置的動(dòng)力學(xué)和熱力學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài)特性,建立了深冷儲(chǔ)能發(fā)電機(jī)組的空氣液化子系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)模型和膨脹發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)模型,并對(duì)模型的有效性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。此外,建立了包含火力發(fā)電機(jī)組和風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組在內(nèi)的電力系統(tǒng)兩區(qū)域調(diào)頻模型,將以此為基礎(chǔ)研究深冷儲(chǔ)能發(fā)電機(jī)組的調(diào)峰和調(diào)頻特性。其次,對(duì)深冷儲(chǔ)能發(fā)電機(jī)組的動(dòng)態(tài)工作特性進(jìn)行了研究。在建立的空氣液化子系統(tǒng)模型和膨脹發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,分別對(duì)儲(chǔ)能環(huán)節(jié)和釋能環(huán)節(jié)各自的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行了分析和探討。給出了空氣液化子系統(tǒng)適宜的工作功率范圍,以及空氣液化子系統(tǒng)和膨脹發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)各自的時(shí)間尺度級(jí)別。依據(jù)膨脹發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)的時(shí)間響應(yīng)特性,得出其具備參與電力系統(tǒng)二次調(diào)頻的特性,并結(jié)合電力系統(tǒng)調(diào)頻模型對(duì)此進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。為了研究深冷儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的調(diào)峰特性,依據(jù)有效減少棄風(fēng)量并增加火電機(jī)組出力穩(wěn)定性這一原則,建立了深冷儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)參與系統(tǒng)調(diào)峰的策略,通過仿真分析驗(yàn)證了其參與調(diào)峰的可行性和有效性。最后,對(duì)深冷儲(chǔ)能發(fā)電機(jī)組參與風(fēng)功率消納的控制策略進(jìn)行了探討。以風(fēng)功率短期預(yù)測(cè)曲線和預(yù)先設(shè)定的風(fēng)功率波動(dòng)上、下限值作為風(fēng)電場(chǎng)輸出的參考調(diào)度功率。以該風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的參考調(diào)度功率與風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的實(shí)際輸出功率的差值作為儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的工作參考功率�？紤]到深冷儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的儲(chǔ)能環(huán)節(jié)和釋能環(huán)節(jié)的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速率不同,采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分解法對(duì)其工作參考功率進(jìn)行分解,并基于儲(chǔ)能環(huán)節(jié)和釋能環(huán)節(jié)的工作時(shí)間尺度大小對(duì)分解得到的信號(hào)進(jìn)行重構(gòu),為空氣液化子系統(tǒng)和膨脹發(fā)電子系統(tǒng)分配最合適的控制信號(hào)。通過仿真分析,驗(yàn)證了該風(fēng)電消納控制策略的效果。
[Abstract]:Because of the fluctuation and intermittence of wind power, wind power can not be integrated into the grid on a large scale, resulting in a large number of abandoned wind phenomenon and great waste of energy. The wide application of energy storage devices can absorb fluctuating wind power, and it is an effective means to overcome the bottleneck of wind power development. In this paper, a new energy storage technology, cryogenic energy storage technology, is studied in depth. In this paper, the dynamic model of the cryogenic energy storage system is established, based on which the dynamic characteristics of the cryogenic energy storage unit are analyzed deeply, and the effective control strategy of the cryogenic energy storage system in wind power dissipation is established according to its dynamic response characteristics. First of all, the charge-discharge process of the cryogenic energy storage system is independent of each other, so it is based on the dynamic and thermodynamic dynamic characteristics of the devices in the energy storage and release links, respectively. The dynamic model of air liquefaction subsystem and the dynamic model of expansion generation electronic system of cryogenic energy storage generator set are established and the validity of the model is verified. In addition, a two-area FM model including thermal power generator and wind turbine generator is established. Based on this model, the peak-shaving and frequency-modulation characteristics of cryogenic energy storage generating units are studied. Secondly, the dynamic working characteristics of the cryogenic energy storage generator set are studied. On the basis of the air liquefaction subsystem model and the expansion generation electronic system model, the dynamic response characteristics of the energy storage link and the energy release link are analyzed and discussed respectively. The suitable operating power range of the air liquefaction subsystem and the time scale level of the air liquefaction subsystem and the expansion electronic system are given. According to the time response characteristics of the expansion generation electronic system, it is concluded that it has the characteristic of participating in the secondary frequency modulation of the power system, and it is verified by the frequency modulation model of the power system. In order to study the peak shaving characteristics of the cryogenic energy storage system, according to the principle of effectively reducing the abandoned air volume and increasing the output stability of the thermal power unit, the strategy of the cryogenic energy storage system participating in the peak shaving of the system is established. The feasibility and effectiveness of participating in peak shaving is verified by simulation analysis. Finally, the control strategy of deep cooling energy storage unit participating in wind power dissipation is discussed. Based on the short-term wind power prediction curve and the pre-set wind power fluctuation, the lower limit value is used as the reference dispatching power of the wind farm output. The difference between the reference dispatching power of the wind farm and the actual output power of the wind farm is taken as the working reference power of the energy storage system. Considering the different dynamic response rates of the energy storage and release links of the cryogenic energy storage system, the empirical mode decomposition method is used to decompose the reference power of the cryogenic energy storage system. The decomposition signal is reconstructed based on the working time scale of the energy storage and release links, and the most suitable control signal is allocated for the air liquefaction subsystem and the expansion generation electronic system. Through the simulation analysis, the effect of the wind power dissipation control strategy is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM31

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