【摘要】：分布式電源發(fā)電已成為全球在能源危機(jī)環(huán)境下獲得新能源的重要方式,其中對電力電子設(shè)備逆變器控制的研究是不可或缺的一部分。脈沖寬度調(diào)制(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)逆變器以其直流側(cè)電壓可控,交流側(cè)電流正弦度好,交流側(cè)功率因素可控等優(yōu)點(diǎn)越來越受到熱捧。單相光伏并網(wǎng)控制在小功率的光伏應(yīng)用中廣泛應(yīng)用,所以對單相逆變器的控制技術(shù)及穩(wěn)定并網(wǎng)有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。(1)依據(jù)本文采用的兩級式單相光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建光伏電池模型;將擾動電壓法應(yīng)用于實(shí)現(xiàn)光伏電池組最大功率跟蹤;搭建單相逆變器在αβ坐標(biāo)系和dq坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型;對LC濾波電路設(shè)計(jì)選型。模型準(zhǔn)確建立對系統(tǒng)器件選型和參數(shù)整定十分關(guān)鍵。(2)提出基于虛擬磁鏈定向和負(fù)載功率前饋的并網(wǎng)逆變器控制策略。傳統(tǒng)電壓矢量定向存在很多可以改進(jìn)的地方。針對電流內(nèi)環(huán)比例積分(ProportionalIntegral,PI)控制器不能實(shí)現(xiàn)無穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差跟蹤問題,本文電流內(nèi)環(huán)采用準(zhǔn)比例諧振(quasi Proportional resonant,qPR)控制器,由逆變器模型設(shè)計(jì)出合理的內(nèi)環(huán)控制器參數(shù),仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)證明能實(shí)現(xiàn)電流無穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差跟蹤;從簡化系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜度角度考慮,應(yīng)用單相虛擬磁鏈定向方式,實(shí)現(xiàn)省略交流側(cè)電壓傳感器使用的目的,該定向方法能有效并網(wǎng);直流母線電壓擾動易導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定,針對系統(tǒng)在負(fù)載擾動情況下直流母線電壓出現(xiàn)較大擾動問題,研究采用負(fù)載功率前饋方法,仿真驗(yàn)證該方法能有效抑制因負(fù)載擾動導(dǎo)致的直流母線電壓波動。(3)提出單相逆變器功率控制策略。針對單相逆變器只有單一交流變量而需要構(gòu)建虛擬正交量的問題,對其構(gòu)建方法分析,采用二階廣義積分器的方式。在兩相虛擬系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)由瞬時(shí)功率理論和預(yù)測算法一般準(zhǔn)則下的單相功率預(yù)測模型。通過仿真將該控制策略應(yīng)用在單相逆變器上,結(jié)果表明其同樣能實(shí)現(xiàn)單位功率因素并網(wǎng),也能實(shí)現(xiàn)有功無功功率的獨(dú)立控制。(4)將上述所提算法在基于dSPACE的半實(shí)物仿真平臺上進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果能證明所提方法的有效性,對分布式光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電有一定的工程意義。
[Abstract]:Distributed power generation has become an important way to obtain new energy in the world under the environment of energy crisis, in which the research on inverter control of power electronic equipment is an indispensable part. Pulse width modulated (Pulse Width Modulation,PWM (PWM) inverter is more and more popular for its advantages of DC side voltage control, AC side current sine degree, AC side power factor control and so on. Single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected control is widely used in low-power photovoltaic applications, so it has important practical significance for single-phase inverter control technology and stable grid-connected. (1) according to the two-stage single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system structure adopted in this paper, Building photovoltaic cell model; The perturbation voltage method is applied to realize the maximum power tracking of photovoltaic cells, the mathematical model of single-phase inverter in 偽 尾 coordinate and dq coordinate system is built, and the LC filter circuit is designed and selected. Accurate modeling is critical to system device selection and parameter tuning. (2) A grid-connected inverter control strategy based on virtual flux orientation and load power feedforward is proposed. There are many improvements in traditional voltage vector orientation. In order to solve the problem that the current inner loop proportional integral (ProportionalIntegral,PI) controller can not achieve steady-state error tracking, the quasi-proportional resonant (quasi Proportional resonant,qPR (quasi-proportional resonance) controller is adopted in this paper, and the reasonable parameters of the inner loop controller are designed based on the inverter model. Simulation and experiment show that the current can be tracked without steady state error. Considering the complexity of the system, the single-phase virtual flux orientation method is used to achieve the purpose of omitting the use of AC-side voltage sensors. This orientation method can be effectively connected to the grid. DC bus voltage disturbance can easily lead to the instability of the system. In view of the large disturbance of DC bus voltage under load disturbance, load power feedforward method is used in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress the DC bus voltage fluctuation caused by load disturbance. (3) A power control strategy for single-phase inverter is proposed. In order to solve the problem that only single AC variable is needed to construct a virtual orthogonal variable, a second-order generalized integrator is used to analyze the construction method of single-phase inverter. Based on the two-phase virtual system, a single-phase power prediction model based on the general criteria of instantaneous power theory and prediction algorithm is derived. Through simulation, the control strategy is applied to single-phase inverter, and the results show that the control strategy can also realize the unit power factor connected to the grid. It can also realize the independent control of active power and reactive power. (4) the proposed algorithm is verified on the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform based on dSPACE, and the experimental results show that the proposed method is effective. It has certain engineering significance for distributed photovoltaic grid-connected power generation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM727

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