【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、能源消費(fèi)計(jì)量和管理智能化需求的不斷提高以及電力系統(tǒng)的不斷完善,傳統(tǒng)的手工抄表方式已經(jīng)不能滿足電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的新需求,以智能電表、集中器、主站為核心的集中抄表系統(tǒng)綜合了電子、通信以及計(jì)算機(jī)等相關(guān)技術(shù)因其差錯(cuò)率小、效率高等優(yōu)勢(shì)成為近幾年來研究的一個(gè)熱門技術(shù)。為實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)智能電表的集中采集,需采用集中器對(duì)電表數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行傳輸與存儲(chǔ),集中器作為集中抄表系統(tǒng)中最重要的部分,市場(chǎng)需求量巨大,使得其研究?jī)r(jià)值也較大。本文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外集中抄表技術(shù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和未來發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做了詳細(xì)的分析;進(jìn)一步根據(jù)集中抄表系統(tǒng)的具體結(jié)構(gòu)組成,闡述集中器的工作原理,解釋其在抄表系統(tǒng)中的重要性;結(jié)合國(guó)家電網(wǎng)相關(guān)的集中器招標(biāo)要求,進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的需求分析,并根據(jù)需求提出集中器系統(tǒng)的軟件、硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案。采用高性能的ARM(STM32)芯片為本文集中器的主控芯片,以GPRS通信和紅外通信以及RS-485總線通信為主要通信方式。硬件系統(tǒng)由時(shí)鐘模塊、紅外通信模塊、GPRS網(wǎng)絡(luò)終端、以太網(wǎng)模塊及電源模塊組成;軟件系統(tǒng)由上行和下行的通信處理模塊成,上行通信處理主要包括GPRS與紅外通信方式的設(shè)計(jì)與編制、下行通信處理主要包括自動(dòng)抄表任務(wù)的實(shí)現(xiàn);最后通過硬件實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的搭建、集中器與主站連接實(shí)驗(yàn)以及自動(dòng)抄表實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)智能電表數(shù)據(jù)的抄讀來完成本文集中器的功能測(cè)試。本文為集中抄表系統(tǒng)中集中器提供了設(shè)計(jì)方法和實(shí)驗(yàn)方法;為促進(jìn)智能電網(wǎng)的廣泛應(yīng)用提供了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the economic level of our country, the constant improvement of intelligent demand for energy consumption measurement and management, and the continuous improvement of power system, the traditional manual meter reading method can no longer meet the new demand of power system development. The central meter reading system with the main station as the core integrates the related technologies such as electronics communication and computer because of its advantages of low error rate and high efficiency which has become a hot technology in recent years. In order to realize the centralized collection of intelligent meter, the concentrator is used to transmit and store the data of the meter. As the most important part of the centralized meter reading system, the market demand is huge, which makes the research value bigger. Firstly, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the present situation and the future development trend of the centralized meter reading technology at home and abroad, further explains the working principle of the concentrator and explains its importance in the meter reading system according to the concrete structure of the centralized meter reading system. According to the bidding requirements of the concentrator in the State Grid, the system requirement analysis is carried out, and the software and hardware design scheme of the concentrator system is put forward according to the demand. The high performance ARM (STM32) chip is used as the main control chip of the concentrator in this paper. The main communication mode is GPRS communication, infrared communication and RS-485 bus communication. The hardware system consists of clock module, infrared communication module, GPRS network terminal, Ethernet module and power supply module. The software system consists of uplink and downlink communication processing modules. Uplink communication processing mainly includes the design and programming of GPRS and infrared communication mode, and downlink communication processing mainly includes the realization of automatic meter reading task. Finally, the function test of the concentrator is completed by building the hardware experimental platform, connecting the concentrator with the main station and automatic meter reading experiment to read the intelligent meter data. This paper provides the design method and experimental method for the concentrator in the centralized meter reading system, and provides the foundation for promoting the wide application of the smart grid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM933.4

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