【摘要】：電能的控制和變換技術(shù)使用日益廣泛。傳統(tǒng)的AC-DC變換器采用的是整流橋和母線電容的非線性組合,這使輸入電流含有大量的諧波。大量的諧波污染了電網(wǎng)而且影響同一電網(wǎng)中用電設(shè)備的正常工作。在高功率等級的應(yīng)用中,整流器一般使用三相PFC而軟開關(guān)的三相PFC可以提升變換器的功率密度以及效率。本文首先介紹了功率因數(shù)校正技術(shù)的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀以及三相PFC的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和常用的控制策略。對三相單開關(guān)零電流Buck PFC在一個工作周期內(nèi)的工作過程和工作波形進(jìn)行了分析。其次分析了三相ZCS單開關(guān)Buck PFC的工作特性,通過仿真分析找到了合適的滯環(huán)電壓控制上限電壓和環(huán)內(nèi)控制占空比,仿真結(jié)果說明滯環(huán)電壓控制可以降低相電流的THD含量。對校正電容的三角形接法接行了探究并給出了結(jié)論。采用滯環(huán)電壓控制和校正電容的三角形接法的結(jié)合進(jìn)行了仿真分析。仿真結(jié)果顯示該種組合可以有效的降低相電流的THD含量,THD含量低于5%。通過分析一個工作周期內(nèi)各處的電壓、電流波形特點(diǎn),推導(dǎo)了變換器的效率。將器件的參數(shù)代入效率公式,在假定輸入電壓和負(fù)載不變化的情形下,利用Matlab工具繪制了占空比的變化和效率的關(guān)系,從而對變換器的效率和輸出功率的選擇提供指導(dǎo)。本文的最后設(shè)計(jì)了一臺1.5kW的實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),并給出了主電路器件的選擇和相應(yīng)電路的設(shè)計(jì)。給出了 DSP控制程序的設(shè)計(jì),并對一些重要的的子程序進(jìn)行了說明。搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在額定輸出功率時,開關(guān)工作在零電流開關(guān),電網(wǎng)側(cè)PF值接近于1,相電流THD含量為3.66%,低于5%,說明采用校正電容的三角形接法和滯環(huán)電壓控制的結(jié)合可以優(yōu)化THD。對變換器的效率進(jìn)行了測試,給出了測試曲線,測試數(shù)據(jù)顯示滿功率時的效率為92.02%,根據(jù)推導(dǎo)的效率,變換器輸出1.5kW功率時的效率為93.35%,效率測試值和計(jì)算值的誤差在1%左右。對效率數(shù)據(jù)的誤差以及滿功率時功率的損耗進(jìn)行了分析。測試了軟啟動功能,并對實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了分析。分析了樣機(jī)的空載損耗。測試了負(fù)載突變時的相電流和輸出電壓的變化,相電流和輸出電壓的動態(tài)調(diào)整特性證明了程序設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。
[Abstract]:Electric power control and conversion technology is increasingly widely used. The traditional AC-DC converter uses a nonlinear combination of rectifier bridge and busbar capacitance, which makes the input current contain a lot of harmonics. A large number of harmonics pollute the power grid and affect the normal operation of the power equipment in the same power grid. In the application of high power level, the rectifier generally uses three-phase PFC while the soft-switching three-phase PFC can improve the power density and efficiency of the converter. This paper first introduces the research status of power factor correction technology at home and abroad, the topology structure and common control strategy of three-phase PFC. The working process and waveform of three phase single switch zero current Buck PFC in one working cycle are analyzed. Secondly, the working characteristics of three-phase ZCS single-switch Buck PFC are analyzed, and the suitable hysteretic voltage control upper limit voltage and the control duty cycle in the loop are found through the simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the hysteresis voltage control can reduce the THD content of the phase current. The triangle connection of the corrected capacitance is studied and the conclusion is given. The hysteretic voltage control and the triangulation method of correcting capacitance are used to simulate and analyze. The simulation results show that this combination can effectively reduce the THD content of phase current, and the THD content is lower than 5%. The efficiency of the converter is derived by analyzing the characteristics of voltage and current waveforms throughout a working cycle. Under the assumption that the input voltage and load do not change, the relation between duty cycle and efficiency is plotted by using Matlab tool, which provides guidance for the selection of converter efficiency and output power. At the end of this paper, an experimental prototype of 1.5kW is designed, and the selection of main circuit and the design of corresponding circuit are given. The design of DSP control program is given, and some important subprograms are described. The experimental results show that when the rated output power is rated, the switch operates on the zero current switch, the PF value of the grid side is close to 1, the THD content of the phase current is 3.66, which is lower than 5. It shows that the combination of triangle connection method and hysteresis voltage control can optimize THD.. The efficiency of the converter is tested and the test curve is given. The test data show that the efficiency of full power is 92. 02. According to the derived efficiency, the efficiency of output 1.5kW power of the converter is 93.35. The error between the efficiency test value and the calculation value is about 1%. The error of efficiency data and the loss of power at full power are analyzed. The soft start function is tested and the experimental phenomena are analyzed. The no-load loss of the prototype is analyzed. The variation of phase current and output voltage during the sudden change of load is tested. The dynamic adjustment of phase current and output voltage proves the rationality of the program design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM46

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