利用多源信息的電力系統(tǒng)故障診斷方法與應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 22:19
【摘要】：快速識別電力系統(tǒng)中的故障元件和分析引起故障的原因,有助于盡快恢復(fù)系統(tǒng)的正常運行和減少停電損失。氣象等要素是導(dǎo)致電力系統(tǒng)故障的主要原因之一,但如何在故障診斷中適當(dāng)計及這些要素的影響是一個有待深入研究的問題。在此背景下,比較系統(tǒng)地考慮了氣象等要素對電力系統(tǒng)故障的影響,在現(xiàn)有故障診斷方法的基礎(chǔ)上利用故障發(fā)生時刻的氣象等外部要素情況分析導(dǎo)致故障的原因。首先,根據(jù)發(fā)生故障前后的電力系統(tǒng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),識別停電區(qū)域,確定候選故障元件;在此基礎(chǔ)上,以繼電保護和斷路器狀態(tài)為信息源,構(gòu)建了電力系統(tǒng)故障診斷的一種簡化模型,從候選的故障元件中確定故障元件。之后,以從污穢監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)、雷電監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)、氣象預(yù)警系統(tǒng)等外部環(huán)境監(jiān)測設(shè)備獲得的信息與數(shù)據(jù)以及所確定的故障元件為故障影響要素分析的信息源,分析導(dǎo)致故障的外部影響因素,以幫助系統(tǒng)運行人員快速定位和排除故障,盡快恢復(fù)系統(tǒng)正常運行。針對傳統(tǒng)后備保護整定困難、動作延時長、配合關(guān)系復(fù)雜等問題,提出了一種利用有限相量測量單元的故障識別與廣域后備保護策略。首先,根據(jù)相量測量單元的安裝位置劃分后備保護區(qū)域;在發(fā)生故障時,利用電氣量信息確定故障設(shè)備所在的后備保護區(qū)域,以期快速縮小可疑故障設(shè)備范圍。接著,提出一種基于解析模型的故障識別方法和廣域后備保護策略。當(dāng)主保護未能成功切除故障時,這種解析模型可綜合利用主保護動作警報、斷路器動作警報、后備保護啟動信息和功率方向繼電器指向信息,利用禁忌算法(Tabu Search,TS)求解最優(yōu)故障假說,并通過解析保護和斷路器的動作邏輯判斷拒動裝置。之后,根據(jù)不同的拒動情況提出相應(yīng)的后備保護策略以防止故障擴大。最后,以IEEE 39節(jié)點系統(tǒng)為例,對所提出的方法做了驗證。仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的方法是可行的,具有較強的容錯能力。針對我國配電網(wǎng)分布式發(fā)電、電動汽車以及可控負(fù)荷接入量的大規(guī)模增多的發(fā)展趨勢,分析其對傳統(tǒng)配電網(wǎng)保護裝置配置的影響,以及固有配電網(wǎng)故障診斷及定位方法的不足,建立基于微型同步相量測量裝置(Micro Phasor Measurement Unit,μPMU)的智能配電網(wǎng)故障診斷框架。聯(lián)合μPMU采集的高精度電氣量量測信息和饋線終端系統(tǒng)(Feeder Terminal Unit,FTU)監(jiān)測的節(jié)點過電流信息等,提出了適用于具有高滲透率分布式電源的智能配電網(wǎng)故障診斷及定位方法。在故障發(fā)生時,根據(jù)停電區(qū)域確定可疑故障設(shè)備的備選范圍;其次,綜合利用配電系統(tǒng)中控制主站收集到的μPMU和FTU警報信息,建立基于多源信息的配電系統(tǒng)故障診斷解析模型;接著,通過優(yōu)化算法求解最優(yōu)解,尋找故障元件;最后,對故障診斷結(jié)果進行評價。最后對全文做了總結(jié),并對本文所述的研究內(nèi)容進行了展望。
[Abstract]:Rapid identification of fault elements in power system and analysis of the causes are helpful to restore the normal operation of the system and reduce the loss of power outage as soon as possible. Meteorology is one of the main causes of power system failure, but how to consider the influence of these factors in fault diagnosis is a problem to be studied deeply. In this context, the influence of meteorological factors on power system faults is systematically considered. Based on the existing fault diagnosis methods, the causes of the faults are analyzed by using the external factors such as weather at the time of fault occurrence. Firstly, according to the topology of the power system before and after the failure, the power failure area is identified and the candidate fault elements are determined. On the basis of this, a simplified model of power system fault diagnosis is constructed with relay protection and circuit breaker state as information source, and fault elements are determined from candidate fault elements. After that, the information and data obtained from external environmental monitoring equipment, such as pollution monitoring system, lightning monitoring system, meteorological early warning system, and the fault elements identified are used as the information sources for the analysis of the factors affecting the failure. In order to help the system operators locate and troubleshoot the faults quickly and restore the normal operation of the system as soon as possible, the external influencing factors are analyzed. Aiming at the problems of traditional backup protection, such as difficult setting, long action delay and complex coordination relationship, a fault identification and wide area backup protection strategy using finite phasor measurement unit is proposed. Firstly, the backup protection area is divided according to the installation position of the phasor measuring unit. In case of failure, the backup protection area of the fault equipment is determined by using the electrical quantity information, in order to reduce the range of the suspected fault equipment quickly. Then, a fault identification method based on analytic model and wide area backup protection strategy are proposed. When the main protection fails to remove the fault successfully, the analytical model can make comprehensive use of the main protection action alarm, circuit breaker action alarm, backup protection startup information and power direction relay pointing information, and make use of the Tabu algorithm (Tabu Search,. TS) is used to solve the optimal fault hypothesis, and the operation logic of the circuit breaker and the protection are analyzed. After that, the backup protection strategy is put forward to prevent the fault from expanding according to the different situations of failure. Finally, taking IEEE 39 bus system as an example, the proposed method is verified. Simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible and has strong fault tolerance. In view of the trend of large-scale increase of distributed generation, electric vehicle and controllable load access in China's distribution network, this paper analyzes its influence on the configuration of traditional distribution network protection devices, as well as the shortcomings of fault diagnosis and location methods of inherent distribution network. A fault diagnosis framework for smart distribution network based on micro synchronous phasor measurement device (Micro Phasor Measurement Unit, 渭 PMU) is established. Combining the high precision electrical measurement information collected by 渭 PMU and the node overcurrent information monitored by feeder terminal system (Feeder Terminal Unit,FTU), a fault diagnosis and location method for smart distribution network with high permeability distributed power supply is proposed. When the fault occurs, the range of suspicious fault equipment is determined according to the blackout area. Secondly, using the 渭 PMU and FTU alarm information collected by the control station in the power distribution system, an analytical model of fault diagnosis based on multi-source information is established. Then, the optimal solution is solved by the optimization algorithm, and the fault components are found. Finally, the fault diagnosis results are evaluated. In the end, the paper summarizes the whole paper, and looks forward to the research content described in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM711
[Abstract]:Rapid identification of fault elements in power system and analysis of the causes are helpful to restore the normal operation of the system and reduce the loss of power outage as soon as possible. Meteorology is one of the main causes of power system failure, but how to consider the influence of these factors in fault diagnosis is a problem to be studied deeply. In this context, the influence of meteorological factors on power system faults is systematically considered. Based on the existing fault diagnosis methods, the causes of the faults are analyzed by using the external factors such as weather at the time of fault occurrence. Firstly, according to the topology of the power system before and after the failure, the power failure area is identified and the candidate fault elements are determined. On the basis of this, a simplified model of power system fault diagnosis is constructed with relay protection and circuit breaker state as information source, and fault elements are determined from candidate fault elements. After that, the information and data obtained from external environmental monitoring equipment, such as pollution monitoring system, lightning monitoring system, meteorological early warning system, and the fault elements identified are used as the information sources for the analysis of the factors affecting the failure. In order to help the system operators locate and troubleshoot the faults quickly and restore the normal operation of the system as soon as possible, the external influencing factors are analyzed. Aiming at the problems of traditional backup protection, such as difficult setting, long action delay and complex coordination relationship, a fault identification and wide area backup protection strategy using finite phasor measurement unit is proposed. Firstly, the backup protection area is divided according to the installation position of the phasor measuring unit. In case of failure, the backup protection area of the fault equipment is determined by using the electrical quantity information, in order to reduce the range of the suspected fault equipment quickly. Then, a fault identification method based on analytic model and wide area backup protection strategy are proposed. When the main protection fails to remove the fault successfully, the analytical model can make comprehensive use of the main protection action alarm, circuit breaker action alarm, backup protection startup information and power direction relay pointing information, and make use of the Tabu algorithm (Tabu Search,. TS) is used to solve the optimal fault hypothesis, and the operation logic of the circuit breaker and the protection are analyzed. After that, the backup protection strategy is put forward to prevent the fault from expanding according to the different situations of failure. Finally, taking IEEE 39 bus system as an example, the proposed method is verified. Simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible and has strong fault tolerance. In view of the trend of large-scale increase of distributed generation, electric vehicle and controllable load access in China's distribution network, this paper analyzes its influence on the configuration of traditional distribution network protection devices, as well as the shortcomings of fault diagnosis and location methods of inherent distribution network. A fault diagnosis framework for smart distribution network based on micro synchronous phasor measurement device (Micro Phasor Measurement Unit, 渭 PMU) is established. Combining the high precision electrical measurement information collected by 渭 PMU and the node overcurrent information monitored by feeder terminal system (Feeder Terminal Unit,FTU), a fault diagnosis and location method for smart distribution network with high permeability distributed power supply is proposed. When the fault occurs, the range of suspicious fault equipment is determined according to the blackout area. Secondly, using the 渭 PMU and FTU alarm information collected by the control station in the power distribution system, an analytical model of fault diagnosis based on multi-source information is established. Then, the optimal solution is solved by the optimization algorithm, and the fault components are found. Finally, the fault diagnosis results are evaluated. In the end, the paper summarizes the whole paper, and looks forward to the research content described in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM711
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