【摘要】：變流器是雙饋異步風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組的重要組成部分,是實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)電機(jī)組變速恒頻發(fā)電的關(guān)鍵,其控制策略影響著機(jī)組的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下,轉(zhuǎn)子d、q軸電流耦合項(xiàng)中含有定轉(zhuǎn)子電感、電阻等電機(jī)參數(shù),而電機(jī)參數(shù)會隨工況變化而改變,造成常規(guī)的矢量控制策略無法完全消除d、q軸電流耦合。因此,本文在內(nèi)模控制結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合滑�？刂撇呗詫︼L(fēng)電機(jī)組d、q軸電流進(jìn)行解耦控制。首先,根據(jù)雙饋發(fā)電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理,得到電機(jī)等效電路,建立三相靜止坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過三相靜止到兩相旋轉(zhuǎn)的坐標(biāo)變換,并且采用定子磁鏈定向的矢量控制,推導(dǎo)出兩相旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下雙饋發(fā)電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。其次,根據(jù)內(nèi)�？刂圃砼c特點(diǎn),結(jié)合雙饋發(fā)電機(jī)同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對解耦項(xiàng)進(jìn)行拉氏變換,得出內(nèi)模結(jié)構(gòu)的基本傳遞函數(shù),按照內(nèi)�？刂破鞯脑O(shè)計(jì)步驟,給出內(nèi)�？刂破鹘Y(jié)構(gòu),通過內(nèi)模參數(shù)的匹配,獲得了滿足系統(tǒng)要求的動態(tài)響應(yīng)性能;利用滑�？刂圃�,結(jié)合雙饋發(fā)電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,定義了d、q軸滑模面和電流滑�？刂坡�,采用李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性理論,分析了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性,在內(nèi)�？刂破鞯幕A(chǔ)上,給出了基于內(nèi)模的滑模電流控制結(jié)構(gòu)。最后,搭建了基于內(nèi)模的滑模電流解耦控制的雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)仿真模型,分別對亞同步、同步、超同步三種風(fēng)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行工況進(jìn)行了仿真研究,并與常規(guī)控制策略仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析。在風(fēng)速變化時(shí),定子輸出有功和無功功率、轉(zhuǎn)子d、q軸電流等主要物理量超調(diào)量小、響應(yīng)時(shí)間快、調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間短;在電機(jī)參數(shù)變化時(shí),以上物理量與各自原來電機(jī)參數(shù)不變時(shí)相比偏差小、能更好跟隨參考值。由此可見,所提控制策略不僅提高了風(fēng)電機(jī)組的動態(tài)性能,而且也具有更加優(yōu)良的魯棒性。
[Abstract]:Converter is an important part of doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine and the key to realize variable speed constant frequency generation of wind turbine. Its control strategy affects the stable operation of wind turbine. In the synchronous rotating coordinate system, the current coupling term of the rotor dnq axis contains the motor parameters such as stator and rotor inductance, resistor and so on, but the motor parameters will change with the change of working conditions, resulting in the conventional vector control strategy can not completely eliminate d. Q axis current coupling. Therefore, based on the internal mode control structure and sliding mode control strategy, decoupling control of dq-axis current of wind turbine is carried out. Firstly, according to the structure and working principle of the doubly-fed generator, the equivalent circuit of the motor is obtained, and the mathematical model in the three-phase static coordinate system is established, and the vector control based on the stator flux orientation is adopted through the coordinate transformation from the three-phase static to the two-phase rotation. The mathematical model of doubly-fed generator in two phase rotating coordinate system is derived. Secondly, according to the principle and characteristics of internal model control, combined with the mathematical model of synchronous rotation coordinate system of doubly-fed generator, the decoupling term is transformed by Laplace transform, and the basic transfer function of internal model structure is obtained, according to the design steps of internal model controller. The structure of the internal model controller is given, and the dynamic response performance of the system is obtained by matching the internal model parameters. Based on the sliding mode control principle and the mathematical model of doubly-fed generator, the sliding mode surface and current sliding mode control law are defined. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the stability of the system is analyzed. A sliding mode current control structure based on internal mode is presented. Finally, the simulation model of double-fed wind power generation system based on sliding mode current decoupling control based on internal mode is built, and the sub-synchronous and supersonic wind turbine operating conditions are simulated. The simulation results are compared with those of the conventional control strategy. When the wind speed changes, the stator output active and reactive power, rotor dnq axis current and other main physical quantities overshoot small, the response time is fast, the adjustment time is short; When the motor parameters change, the deviation of the above parameters is smaller than that of the original motor parameters, so it is better to follow the reference value. Therefore, the proposed control strategy not only improves the dynamic performance of wind turbine, but also has better robustness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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