【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,人口迅速增長,大規(guī)模開發(fā)以化石燃料(煤炭、石油、天然氣)為主的能源,使得能源儲量日益減少,能源的短缺問題日益嚴(yán)重,環(huán)境污染也日趨嚴(yán)重。風(fēng)力發(fā)電是綠色無污染的新型能源,并且風(fēng)力發(fā)電是成熟的、具有大規(guī)模開發(fā)條件的發(fā)電方式。一般情況下,風(fēng)電機(jī)組在風(fēng)速風(fēng)向多變、強(qiáng)陣風(fēng)、沙塵、鹽霧、高溫及嚴(yán)寒等復(fù)雜且惡劣的環(huán)境下工作。惡劣的環(huán)境造成風(fēng)電機(jī)組遭受熱脹冷縮、時變載荷及突變沖擊的作用,這使得風(fēng)電齒輪箱的故障頻率相當(dāng)于一般機(jī)械設(shè)備的兩倍,因此,對變載荷和齒輪系統(tǒng)故障動力學(xué)的研究具有重要的意義。本文以半直驅(qū)風(fēng)電行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)為研究對象,建立行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)三維模型,獲得各零部件的物理特性。建立了基于Davenport譜的風(fēng)速模型。根據(jù)空氣動力學(xué)的基本理論,獲得風(fēng)電行星齒輪箱的外部風(fēng)載。通過改進(jìn)能量法獲取了正常齒輪的時變嚙合剛度。風(fēng)載作為系統(tǒng)的外部激勵,時變嚙合剛度作為系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部激勵。建立并求解了行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)模型,獲得了模型的動力學(xué)響應(yīng)、頻譜及固有頻率,從而,研究了風(fēng)載對行星齒輪系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)特性的影響。利用能量法,模擬了不同尺寸的裂紋故障及斷齒故障的齒輪時變嚙合剛度,獲得了故障對齒輪嚙合剛度的影響。建立并求解了含不同尺寸的裂紋故障及斷齒故障的行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)模型,獲得了故障齒輪模型的動力學(xué)響應(yīng)。為了進(jìn)一步分析故障齒輪系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)特性,利用振動信號采集的理論,對正常與含齒根裂紋故障的行星齒輪箱進(jìn)行了動力學(xué)響應(yīng)實驗,獲得了正常與故障齒輪箱的振動信號。對正常與故障齒輪振動的信號進(jìn)行時域與頻域的分析,對比理論仿真與實驗的響應(yīng)結(jié)果,驗證了仿真模型的可行性及準(zhǔn)確性。總結(jié)了含故障的行星齒輪傳動的故障機(jī)理和動力學(xué)特性,為齒輪的故障診斷提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of modern society and economy, the rapid growth of population, large-scale development of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), the energy reserves are decreasing day by day, the problem of energy shortage is becoming more and more serious. Environmental pollution is also becoming more and more serious. Wind power generation is a new type of green and pollution-free energy, and wind power generation is mature and has the condition of large-scale development. Generally, wind turbines work in complex and harsh environments such as variable wind speed, strong gusts, dust, salt mist, high temperature and severe cold. The bad environment causes wind turbine to suffer from heat expansion and contraction, time-varying load and sudden shock, which makes the frequency of failure of wind power gearbox twice as frequent as that of general mechanical equipment, so, It is of great significance to study the variable load and gear system fault dynamics. Taking the planetary gear transmission system of semi-straight drive wind power as the research object, the three-dimensional model of the planetary gear transmission system is established, and the physical characteristics of the components are obtained. The wind speed model based on Davenport spectrum is established. According to the basic theory of aerodynamics, the external wind load of the planetary gearbox of wind power is obtained. The time-varying meshing stiffness of normal gears is obtained by the improved energy method. Wind load is the external excitation of the system, and the time-varying meshing stiffness is the internal excitation of the system. The dynamic model of planetary gear transmission system is established and solved, and the dynamic response, frequency spectrum and natural frequency of the model are obtained. Thus, the influence of wind load on the dynamic characteristics of planetary gear system is studied. In this paper, the time-varying meshing stiffness of gears with different sizes of crack faults and broken teeth faults is simulated by using the energy method, and the influence of the faults on the gear meshing stiffness is obtained. The dynamic model of planetary gear transmission system with crack fault and broken tooth fault of different sizes is established and solved. The dynamic response of the fault gear model is obtained. In order to further analyze the dynamic characteristics of the fault gear system, using the theory of vibration signal acquisition, the dynamic response experiments of the planetary gearbox with normal and cracked tooth root are carried out, and the vibration signals of the normal gear box and the fault gear box are obtained. The signal of normal gear vibration and fault gear vibration are analyzed in time domain and frequency domain. The feasibility and accuracy of the simulation model are verified by comparing the theoretical simulation results with the experimental results. The fault mechanism and dynamic characteristics of planetary gear transmission with fault are summarized, which provides theoretical basis for gear fault diagnosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM315

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