發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-26 18:22

【摘要】：環(huán)境中的振動(dòng)一般都會(huì)利用減震器等設(shè)備進(jìn)行消耗,如果能將振動(dòng)能量進(jìn)行收集用于發(fā)電或?yàn)樾⌒驮O(shè)備供電具有極大的運(yùn)用前景。鑒于振動(dòng)能量捕獲技術(shù)正在向著低頻、寬頻和高輸出特性的綜合方向發(fā)展。因此,本文設(shè)計(jì)一種能夠在低頻環(huán)境下工作的新型雙穩(wěn)態(tài)電磁式振動(dòng)能量捕獲裝置。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:將質(zhì)量—非線性彈簧—阻尼系統(tǒng)與雙穩(wěn)態(tài)系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合,提出了附加非線性振子雙穩(wěn)態(tài)電磁式振動(dòng)能量捕獲器,建立系統(tǒng)的力學(xué)模型及控制方程,利用諧波平衡法獲得了雙穩(wěn)態(tài)發(fā)電振子處于高能軌道的解析解表達(dá)式,借助數(shù)值仿真研究了簡(jiǎn)諧激勵(lì)下質(zhì)量比和調(diào)頻比發(fā)生變化時(shí),系統(tǒng)的發(fā)電性能,并獲得了該系統(tǒng)發(fā)電性能最佳的參數(shù)配合范圍μ =[0.8-3]和f=[π/10-π/3]。采用兩項(xiàng)式諧波平衡法,研究在較大激勵(lì)下超諧波響應(yīng)對(duì)非線性振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的影響,獲得了系統(tǒng)在簡(jiǎn)諧激勵(lì)下產(chǎn)生大幅運(yùn)動(dòng)的基諧波和超諧波響應(yīng)的解析解,同時(shí)利用MATLAB進(jìn)行數(shù)值仿真分析,獲得了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的最佳配置范圍,且當(dāng)外部激勵(lì)頻率處于低頻段時(shí),系統(tǒng)發(fā)電主要表現(xiàn)為超諧波發(fā)電,隨著激勵(lì)頻率的增大,系統(tǒng)發(fā)電主要呈現(xiàn)基諧波發(fā)電。自行制作試驗(yàn)樣機(jī),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了在簡(jiǎn)諧激勵(lì)下,系統(tǒng)激勵(lì)頻率、激勵(lì)幅值、質(zhì)量比和調(diào)頻比對(duì)響應(yīng)特性的影響,證明了該裝置適合低頻激勵(lì)下發(fā)電,且?guī)捿^大;隨著激勵(lì)幅值的增大,系統(tǒng)具有較高的能量越過勢(shì)壘做大幅運(yùn)動(dòng),輸出電壓較高;隨著調(diào)頻比和質(zhì)量比的增大,系統(tǒng)做大幅運(yùn)動(dòng)的幅值也在逐漸增大,輸出電壓逐漸增大,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與理論分析相吻合。上述工作,較為全面地獲得了附加非線性振子雙穩(wěn)態(tài)能量捕獲器的動(dòng)力學(xué)和發(fā)電特性。本文結(jié)論為指導(dǎo)雙穩(wěn)態(tài)能量捕獲器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化提供了一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Vibration in the environment is usually consumed by devices such as shock absorbers. If vibration energy can be collected for power generation or power supply for small equipment, it will have a great application prospect. In view of the vibration energy capture technology is developing towards the integration of low frequency, wide band and high output characteristics. Therefore, a new bistable electromagnetic vibration energy capture device is designed. The main research contents are as follows: by combining mass-nonlinear spring-damping system with bistable system, a bistable electromagnetic vibration energy trap with nonlinear oscillator is proposed, and the mechanical model and control equation of the system are established. The analytical solution of the bistable oscillator in high energy orbit is obtained by using the harmonic balance method. The power generation performance of the system is studied by numerical simulation when the mass ratio and the FM ratio change under the simple harmonic excitation. The optimal parameters of the system are obtained: 渭 = [0.8-3] and f = [蟺 / 10- 蟺 / 3]. By using the two-term harmonic balance method, the influence of the hyperharmonic response on the nonlinear vibration system under large excitation is studied, and the analytical solutions of the fundamental harmonic and the super harmonic response of the system under the simple harmonic excitation are obtained. At the same time, the optimal configuration range of system structural parameters is obtained by numerical simulation with MATLAB. When the external excitation frequency is in the low frequency range, the power generation of the system is mainly super harmonic generation, with the increase of the excitation frequency. System power generation mainly presents basic harmonic generation. The effect of the system excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, mass ratio and FM ratio on the response characteristics of the system under simple harmonic excitation is analyzed. It is proved that the device is suitable for generating electricity under low frequency excitation and has a large bandwidth. With the increase of the excitation amplitude, the system has higher energy to move over the barrier and the output voltage is higher. With the increase of FM ratio and mass ratio, the amplitude and output voltage of the system are increasing. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis. The dynamic and generation characteristics of the bistable energy trap with nonlinear oscillator are obtained. The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the structure design and optimization of the bistable energy trap.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM619

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本文編號(hào)：2359285