【摘要】：可靠、快速、準(zhǔn)確的故障定位對于故障及時排除、恢復(fù)供電具有重要意義,一直以來都是國內(nèi)外的研究熱點和難點問題。相比于基于穩(wěn)態(tài)量的故障定位方法,基于暫態(tài)量的故障定位方法定位精度更高,近年來隨著信號處理技術(shù)、計算機(jī)技術(shù)和硬件技術(shù)的發(fā)展,故障高頻暫態(tài)信息的獲取和分析已經(jīng)切實可行,基于暫態(tài)量的故障定位方法研究方興未艾。本文首先簡要介紹了國內(nèi)外故障定位方法的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了各種定位原理和方法的優(yōu)點和不足;然后介紹了故障定位理論基礎(chǔ),分析了故障暫態(tài)行波在輸電線路上的折反射規(guī)律和衰減現(xiàn)象等傳輸特性,研究了影響初始行波幅值的主要因素;接著利用小波分析提取故障特征量,并將細(xì)節(jié)系數(shù)的模極大值作為初始行波幅值的表征量;最后結(jié)合信息融合理論提出適用于輸電線路的故障定位方法——在數(shù)據(jù)層融合中,對測量點采集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行相模變換和小波分析,提取故障行波零模和線模電壓的細(xì)節(jié)系數(shù)模極大值作為故障特征量;特征層融合包括兩個部分,一是提出故障區(qū)段定位方法,根據(jù)線路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計濾波器組過濾故障特征量,二是通過神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)單端模量時差法確定可能的故障位置;在決策層融合中提出基于單端模量時差法的雙端故障定位方法,分析利用特征層融合上傳的決策結(jié)果,實現(xiàn)故障的精確定位。本文在PSCAD/EMTDC軟件中搭建了IEEE 14-Bus System和IEEE 30-Bus System仿真模型,進(jìn)行了大量的仿真驗證,利用MATLAB軟件編程實現(xiàn)故障定位方法,仿真結(jié)果表明所提方法具有較高的故障定位精度。
[Abstract]:Reliable, fast and accurate fault location is of great significance for timely troubleshooting and restoring power supply. It has always been a hot and difficult problem in domestic and international research. Compared with the fault location method based on steady-state quantity, the fault location method based on transient quantity has higher accuracy. In recent years, with the development of signal processing technology, computer technology and hardware technology, The acquisition and analysis of fault high frequency transient information is feasible, and the research of fault location method based on transient quantity is in the ascendant. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the research status of fault location methods at home and abroad, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various positioning principles and methods. Then, the basic theory of fault location is introduced, and the transmission characteristics of transient traveling wave on transmission line are analyzed, and the main factors influencing the amplitude of initial traveling wave are studied. Then wavelet analysis is used to extract the fault feature, and the modulus maximum of the detail coefficient is used as the representation of the initial traveling wave amplitude. Finally, combining with information fusion theory, a fault location method suitable for transmission line is proposed. In data layer fusion, phase mode transform and wavelet analysis are applied to the data collected from measurement points. The detail coefficients of the zero-mode and line-mode voltage of the fault traveling wave are extracted as the fault characteristics. The feature layer fusion includes two parts: first, the fault section location method is proposed, the filter bank filter fault characteristic quantity is designed according to the line topology structure; the other is the single end modulus moveout method is used to determine the possible fault location through neural network. In decision level fusion, a two-terminal fault location method based on single-end modulus moveout method is proposed, and the decision results uploaded by feature layer fusion are analyzed to achieve accurate fault location. In this paper, the simulation models of IEEE 14-Bus System and IEEE 30-Bus System are built in PSCAD/EMTDC software, and a lot of simulation results are carried out. The method of fault location is programmed by MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the proposed method has high accuracy of fault location.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM755

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