【摘要】：金屬空氣電池(MAB)是一種特殊類型的燃料電池,成本低、無毒、無污染、能量和功率輸出高效,可作為新能源廣泛使用。但鎂空氣電池的主要問題是鎂合金在中性電解液中的自腐蝕和析氫現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,需要通過改變鎂合金元素的組成或者電解液成分來改善鎂合金的抗腐蝕性能,增強(qiáng)電池的儲(chǔ)電性能。本文通過在電解液中添加緩蝕劑以改善鎂合金陽極的腐蝕性能,研究鎂空氣電池的電化學(xué)性能,根據(jù)電化學(xué)阻抗譜圖和動(dòng)電位極化曲線分析緩蝕劑對鎂合金(AZ31)的影響,并通過組裝便攜式電池,測緩蝕劑加入電池后對電池性能的影響。在鎂空氣電池中,鎂負(fù)極的極化和腐蝕是衡量鎂空氣電池性能及使用的重要指標(biāo)。本文通過動(dòng)電位極化法和電化學(xué)阻抗譜法,研究了在8%NaCl電解液中,六水合硝酸鈰(CeN3O9· 6H2O)、硝酸釔(Y(NO3)3 · 6H20)、硝酸鋯(Zr(NO3)4·5H20)、硝酸鑭(La(NO3)3.6H2O)和硝酸釹(Nd(NO3)3·6H2O)單個(gè)緩蝕劑以及混合緩蝕劑對AZ31負(fù)極抗腐蝕性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:在電解液中添加六水合硝酸鈰、硝酸釔、硝酸鋯、硝酸鑭和硝酸釹等緩蝕劑,會(huì)在AZ31鎂合金表面形成保護(hù)膜,提高鎂合金的耐腐蝕性,延長電池的放電時(shí)間,增加其使用壽命。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了六水合硝酸鈰、硝酸釔、硝酸鋯、硝酸釹和硝酸鑭的最佳濃度分別是:1.0g/L、4.0g/L、2.5g/L、1.5g/L、3.5g/L,由阻抗計(jì)算的緩蝕率分別為 53.88%、48.26%、67.66%、44.39%、72.71%。綜合考慮緩蝕劑的效果,六水合硝酸鈰、硝酸鋯和硝酸鑭為理想緩蝕劑,其效果最佳,緩蝕效果最好。在單一緩蝕劑的基礎(chǔ)上研究了復(fù)合緩蝕劑對鎂空氣電池耐腐蝕性能的影響,結(jié)果表明:六水合硝酸鈰和硝酸鑭可以增強(qiáng)鎂合金的耐腐蝕性能,提高緩蝕速率,由阻抗計(jì)算的緩蝕率為78.97%,鎂合金的耐腐蝕效果最好,延長電池的使用壽命。六水合硝酸鈰與硝酸鋯和硝酸鑭與硝酸鋯的混合對增強(qiáng)鎂合金的耐腐蝕性的效果較差。復(fù)合緩蝕劑與單一緩蝕劑相比,緩蝕效果較好,電池的放電時(shí)間延長近 100min。
[Abstract]:Metal air battery (MAB) is a special type of fuel cell with low cost, non-toxic, pollution-free and efficient energy and power output, so it can be widely used as a new energy source. However, the main problem of magnesia-air battery is that the self-corrosion and hydrogen evolution of magnesium alloy in neutral electrolyte are serious, so it is necessary to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy by changing the composition of magnesium alloy elements or electrolyte composition. Enhanced battery storage performance. In this paper, the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy anode was improved by adding inhibitor to the electrolyte, and the electrochemical performance of magnesium air battery was studied. The effect of inhibitor on magnesium alloy (AZ31) was analyzed according to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization curve. The effect of corrosion inhibitor on battery performance was measured by assembling portable battery. The polarization and corrosion of magnesium anode are important indexes to evaluate the performance and use of magnesium air battery. In this paper, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to study the effects of cerium nitrate hexahydrate (CeN3O9 6H2O), yttrium nitrate (Y (NO3 (3 6H20), zirconium nitrate (Zr (NO3) 4 5H20 in 8%NaCl electrolyte. The effects of a single inhibitor and a mixed inhibitor of lanthanum nitrate (La (NO3 3.6H2O) and neodymium nitrate (Nd (NO3 3 6H2O on the corrosion resistance of AZ31 negative electrode were investigated. The results show that the corrosion inhibitor such as cerium nitrate hexahydrate, yttrium nitrate, zirconium nitrate, lanthanum nitrate and neodymium nitrate can form protective film on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy, improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy and prolong the discharge time of battery. Increase its service life. The optimum concentrations of cerium nitrate, yttrium nitrate, zirconium nitrate, neodymium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate are as follows: 1.0 g / L = 4.0g / L = 2.5g / L = 1.5g / L = 3.5g / L, respectively. The corrosion inhibition rates calculated by impedance are 53.88 and 48.26 and 67.66, respectively. The inhibition rate is 44.39 and 72.71, respectively. Considering the effect of corrosion inhibitor, cerium nitrate hexahydrate, zirconium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate are ideal corrosion inhibitors. The effect of composite inhibitor on corrosion resistance of magnesium air battery was studied on the basis of a single corrosion inhibitor. The results showed that cerium nitrate hexahydrate and lanthanum nitrate could enhance the corrosion resistance and corrosion inhibition rate of magnesium alloy. The corrosion inhibition rate calculated by impedance is 78.97. The corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy is the best and the life of battery is prolonged. The mixing of cerium nitrate hexahydrate with zirconium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate with zirconium nitrate has poor effect on strengthening corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy. Compared with a single inhibitor, the composite inhibitor has a better corrosion inhibition effect, and the discharge time of the battery is prolonged by nearly 100 minutes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.41

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