【摘要】：導(dǎo)線電暈放電產(chǎn)生的電暈損失是線路設(shè)計(jì)的重要考慮因素,通常利用特高壓電暈籠進(jìn)行不同分裂導(dǎo)線束的電暈損失研究。目前基于特高壓電暈籠的電暈損失測(cè)量試驗(yàn)受到很多限制,測(cè)量質(zhì)量和時(shí)間成本難以同時(shí)保證,且部分特征量無(wú)法通過(guò)試驗(yàn)測(cè)得,因此有必要從氣體放電物理的角度研究導(dǎo)線電暈放電過(guò)程,建立電暈放電與電暈損失間的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系。本文從氣體放電機(jī)理出發(fā),建立了特高壓電暈籠分裂導(dǎo)線交流離子流場(chǎng)數(shù)值計(jì)算模型,研究了導(dǎo)線附近電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度的時(shí)空分布特性和電暈電流的時(shí)域、頻域分布特性,而后利用功率因素法計(jì)算了不同交流電壓下不同分裂導(dǎo)線的電暈損失,所得研究成果對(duì)實(shí)際輸電線路電暈損失預(yù)測(cè)具有重要意義。主要工作如下:本文基于模擬電荷法建立了特高壓電暈籠導(dǎo)線三維離子流場(chǎng)數(shù)值計(jì)算模型。模型考慮了導(dǎo)線的有限長(zhǎng)特性、分裂導(dǎo)線表面場(chǎng)強(qiáng)不均勻性和籠體兩側(cè)均壓環(huán)的影響,計(jì)算了三維空間內(nèi)交流電壓下導(dǎo)線起暈、空間電荷發(fā)射、遷移和復(fù)合等過(guò)程,并根據(jù)Shockley-Ramo法則提出了電暈電流的計(jì)算方法。而后對(duì)影響模型的各因素進(jìn)行了分析研究,提出了最優(yōu)化的模型參數(shù)。采用本文所建模型,以8×LGJ720導(dǎo)線為例,對(duì)其表面附近電場(chǎng)的時(shí)空分布特性和導(dǎo)線電暈放電所產(chǎn)生的電暈電流進(jìn)行數(shù)值仿真研究。電場(chǎng)結(jié)果表明,導(dǎo)線表面場(chǎng)強(qiáng)沿線分布呈現(xiàn)出"中間和端部稍大"的規(guī)律,兩側(cè)均壓環(huán)明顯改善了端部效應(yīng);導(dǎo)線表面場(chǎng)強(qiáng)的時(shí)域分布因空間電荷的影響而輕微超前于電壓波形;空間電荷分布對(duì)導(dǎo)線外0.5m范圍內(nèi)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)有影響,與ANSYS仿真結(jié)果對(duì)比證明了模型的正確性。電暈電流的時(shí)域特性研究結(jié)果表明,交流周期不同時(shí)刻的電荷運(yùn)動(dòng)與電暈電流存在內(nèi)在關(guān)系;采用FFT方法獲取了電暈電流在低頻條件下的幅頻和相頻曲線,結(jié)果表明奇數(shù)次諧波分量是電暈電流的主要組成。通過(guò)求取電暈電流工頻分量的方法,分別計(jì)算了干燥和大雨條件下8×LGJ630導(dǎo)線在不同電壓下的電暈損失,與武漢特高壓交流電暈損失試驗(yàn)結(jié)果相符合,驗(yàn)證了模型的準(zhǔn)確性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)雨量20mm/h條件下8×LGJ630導(dǎo)線的起暈電壓比干燥條件下小70kV,并且起暈后導(dǎo)線電暈損失隨電壓的增大,增幅更為明顯。而后利用本文提出的模型對(duì)海拔高度、導(dǎo)線型號(hào)、分裂數(shù)、分裂間距四種影響因素進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明:海拔高度增加降低了導(dǎo)線起暈電壓,使電暈程度更劇烈;起暈后導(dǎo)線電暈損失隨導(dǎo)線型號(hào)和分裂數(shù)的增大而減小,隨分裂間距的增大而增大;與武漢和西寧地區(qū)的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)比,證明了模型的正確性。
[Abstract]:The corona loss caused by conductor corona discharge is an important factor in line design. The corona loss of different splitting conductor bundles is usually studied by using UHV corona cage. At present, the measurement of corona loss based on UHV corona cage is limited, the quality of measurement and the cost of time can not be guaranteed at the same time, and some characteristic quantities can not be measured by experiment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the corona discharge process of conductor from the point of view of gas discharge physics, and to establish the internal relation between corona discharge and corona loss. Based on the mechanism of gas discharge, a numerical model of AC ion flow field of split conductor with ultra-high voltage corona cage is established in this paper. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of electric field intensity and the distribution characteristics of corona current in time domain and frequency domain are studied. Then the corona loss of different split conductors under different AC voltages is calculated by power factor method. The results obtained are of great significance to the actual corona loss prediction of transmission lines. The main work is as follows: based on the simulated charge method, a numerical model of three-dimensional ion flow field for ultra-high voltage corona cage conductor is established in this paper. The model takes into account the finite length characteristics of the conductor, the non-uniformity of the surface field strength of the split conductor and the influence of the pressure sharing ring on both sides of the cage body. The processes of wire halation, space charge emission, migration and recombination are calculated under the alternating voltage in three dimensional space. The calculation method of corona current is put forward according to Shockley-Ramo rule. Then the factors influencing the model are analyzed and the optimal model parameters are put forward. Taking 8 脳 LGJ720 conductors as an example, the spatiotemporal distribution of electric field near its surface and the corona current produced by corona discharge of conductor are studied numerically by using the model established in this paper. The results of electric field show that the distribution of electric field intensity along the wire surface is "slightly larger at the middle and the end", and the end effect is obviously improved by the two-side uniform pressure ring. Due to the influence of space charge, the distribution of the field intensity on the surface of the conductor is slightly ahead of the voltage waveform, and the distribution of the space charge has an effect on the field intensity in the range of 0.5 m outside the conductor. The results of ANSYS simulation show that the model is correct. The time domain characteristics of corona current show that there is an inherent relationship between the charge motion and the corona current at different times of AC cycle. The amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency curves of corona current at low frequency are obtained by FFT method. The results show that the odd-order harmonic component is the main component of corona current. By calculating the power frequency component of corona current, the corona loss of 8 脳 LGJ630 conductor under different voltages under dry and heavy rain conditions is calculated, which is in agreement with the test results of Wuhan UHV AC corona loss, and verifies the accuracy of the model. It is found that the corona voltage of 8 脳 LGJ630 conductor under rainfall 20mm/h is 70 kV smaller than that under dry condition, and the corona loss increases more obviously with the increase of voltage. Then using the model proposed in this paper, four factors affecting the altitude, wire type, splitting number and split spacing are studied. The results show that the increase of altitude reduces the corona voltage and makes the corona degree more intense; The corona loss decreases with the increase of wire type and splitting number, and increases with the increase of splitting distance, and the model is proved to be correct by comparison with the experimental results in Wuhan and Xining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM75

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