【摘要】：智能電網(wǎng)的建設(shè)給電力行業(yè)的發(fā)展帶來了機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn),隨著電動汽車和大型電力電子設(shè)備接入電網(wǎng),電網(wǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)將變得越來越復(fù)雜,電網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)必將會受到嚴(yán)重的影響。電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的好壞直接關(guān)系到電力系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)和運(yùn)行的安全穩(wěn)定。因此,對于電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評估技術(shù)的研究顯得尤為的重要。從電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)評估中的潮流計(jì)算出發(fā),本文通過研究輸電線路的熱平衡方程,明確了輸電線路導(dǎo)體的能量轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)制,分析了電力元件之間的熱阻模型,并對熱平衡方程進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)?shù)幕�。通過改進(jìn)牛頓-拉夫遜潮流算法,將環(huán)境溫度因素引入到了電力系統(tǒng)潮流計(jì)算中。以牛頓-拉夫遜潮流算法為載體,在該算法中增加了支路導(dǎo)體溫度作為系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)變量,從而擴(kuò)展了雅克比矩陣,通過建立無功、有功不平衡量與溫度、電壓、相角之間相互依賴的耦合模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)對擴(kuò)展的雅可比矩陣的不斷迭代。之后在該模型的基礎(chǔ)上對電網(wǎng)潮流進(jìn)行了分析,以MATLAB為工具進(jìn)行編程實(shí)現(xiàn)了算法的功能,并與牛頓—拉夫遜潮流算法結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,通過仿真分析IEEE 39節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng),驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性。仿真分析了考慮環(huán)境溫度的潮流算法和牛頓-拉夫遜潮流算法在線路損耗、線路電阻和節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓上的變化值,分析結(jié)果顯示在考慮環(huán)境溫度影響后,電網(wǎng)的潮流信息將發(fā)生顯著的變化,并且隨著溫度的不斷上升,這種變化程度將愈加的明顯。通過對電網(wǎng)中的多指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,本文提出了一種基于灰色密切值的綜合評估模型。主觀權(quán)重值的獲取采取傳統(tǒng)的專家賦權(quán)的層次分析法,考慮到電力系統(tǒng)在長期運(yùn)行過程中,指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)值不能單獨(dú)的存在,各指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)值之間必將存在著相互聯(lián)系、相互作用,因此通過熵權(quán)法、變異系數(shù)法、CRITIC法三種客觀賦權(quán)方法得到客觀權(quán)重并進(jìn)行分析,采取博弈論離差最小的方式來得到客觀權(quán)重,將改進(jìn)的Kendall和諧系數(shù)引入到主客觀權(quán)重的賦權(quán)中,最終得到權(quán)重值。將研究小數(shù)據(jù)、貧信息和不確定問題的灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度方法與傳統(tǒng)的密切值方法相結(jié)合,提出了基于幾何趨勢和幾何距離的灰色密切值方法用于電網(wǎng)多指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)的分析中。針對某地區(qū)電網(wǎng)的實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行分析綜合,從安全運(yùn)行、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、環(huán)保清潔三個方面建立了電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行評估指標(biāo)模型,并對各個指標(biāo)給予了明確定義。采集和計(jì)算現(xiàn)有的電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用灰色密切值評估模型對某電網(wǎng)五日運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行了比較,得到了指標(biāo)評估結(jié)果,用于指導(dǎo)分析具體日的運(yùn)行情況。
[Abstract]:The construction of smart grid brings opportunities and challenges to the development of power industry. With electric vehicles and large power electronic equipment connected to the grid, the structure of power grid will become more and more complex, and the operation state of power grid will be seriously affected. The operation state of power system is directly related to the safety and stability of power system production and operation. Therefore, it is very important to study the evaluation technology of power grid operation state. Based on the calculation of power flow in power network operation state evaluation, the heat balance equation of transmission line is studied in this paper, the energy conversion mechanism of transmission line conductor is clarified, and the thermal resistance model between power elements is analyzed. The heat balance equation is simplified appropriately. By improving Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm, the ambient temperature factor is introduced into power system power flow calculation. The Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm is used as the carrier, and the branch conductor temperature is added as the state variable of the system. The Jacobian matrix is expanded by establishing reactive power, active power imbalance, temperature and voltage. The mutually dependent coupling model of phase angles realizes the continuous iteration of the extended Jacobian matrix. On the basis of this model, the power flow of the power network is analyzed, and the function of the algorithm is realized by programming with MATLAB, and compared with the result of Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm, the IEEE 39-bus system is analyzed by simulation. The effectiveness of the method is verified. The power flow algorithm considering ambient temperature and Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm are simulated and analyzed in terms of line loss, line resistance and node voltage. The results show that the influence of ambient temperature is considered. The power flow information of the power grid will change significantly, and with the rising of temperature, the change will become more obvious. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation model based on grey close value through the analysis of multi-index data in power network. The traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) of expert weight is used to obtain the subjective weight value. Considering that the index data value can not exist independently in the long-term operation of power system, there must be mutual relation and interaction among the index data values. Therefore, the objective weight is obtained by entropy weight method, variation coefficient method and CRITIC method, and the objective weight is obtained by using the minimum deviation of game theory. The improved Kendall harmony coefficient is introduced into the weight of subjective and objective weights, and the weight value is obtained. In this paper, the grey correlation degree method for the study of small data, poor information and uncertainty is combined with the traditional close value method, and a grey close value method based on geometric trend and geometric distance is proposed for the analysis of power grid multi-index data. This paper analyzes and synthesizes the actual situation of a certain area's power network, establishes the evaluation index model of power network operation from three aspects of safe operation, economic benefit and environmental protection and cleanness, and gives a clear definition of each index. The current grid data are collected and calculated, and the grey close value evaluation model is used to compare the operation of a power network for five days, and the evaluation results are obtained, which can be used to guide the analysis of the operation situation of a specific day.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TM711

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