發(fā)布時間：2018-11-05 15:45

【摘要】：近年來,隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日新月異和新技術(shù)不斷的出現(xiàn),社會對電力的依賴程度變得越來越高。傳統(tǒng)的人工定期走訪用戶的抄表形式,不僅沒有辦法保證數(shù)據(jù)的實時同步及準(zhǔn)確性,而且還浪費了大量的人力物力資源。目前我國遠(yuǎn)程電力抄表系統(tǒng)大部分采取了RS-485、RS-232等有線的通信方式。然而隨著用戶數(shù)量的不斷增多,對數(shù)據(jù)實時性和穩(wěn)定性要求也不斷增加,這些有線通訊抄表方式的缺點也逐漸暴露出來,如在前期布線過程中,繁瑣的線路導(dǎo)致工作量過大、不容易擴(kuò)展,對于線損的維護(hù)成本過高且維護(hù)復(fù)雜等問題。為使上述難題得到解決,無線遠(yuǎn)程抄表技術(shù)應(yīng)用而生。無線遠(yuǎn)程抄表技術(shù)既要打破原有的電力抄表方式,又要準(zhǔn)確的抄錄電能表數(shù)據(jù),同時對系統(tǒng)自身的功耗有著極為嚴(yán)格的要求。像藍(lán)牙、GPRS、WiFi等無線抄表技術(shù)還不能滿足這種高需求。ZigBee是一種較新的技術(shù),它具有許多優(yōu)點如:功耗較低、成本較低、復(fù)雜度低等等。同時,其網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量大、高安全性和高可靠性等優(yōu)點也預(yù)示著ZigBee技術(shù)在無線遠(yuǎn)程抄表中的優(yōu)勢。本文通過研究傳統(tǒng)的抄表技術(shù)和新興的遠(yuǎn)程抄表技術(shù),提出了一種基于ZigBee無線通信技術(shù)的遠(yuǎn)程電力抄表方案。針對本文實現(xiàn)的遠(yuǎn)程電力抄表系統(tǒng),首先對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行需求分析,從功能及性能兩個角度對系統(tǒng)的需求進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述,進(jìn)而形成系統(tǒng)總體的設(shè)計方案。然后從軟、硬件兩方面對系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計。硬件部分協(xié)調(diào)器、路由器、采集終端三類網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點的芯片均采用TI公司生產(chǎn)的CC2530來作為無線傳輸模塊,同時又加入CC2591射頻前端擴(kuò)大了數(shù)據(jù)通信距離。接著重點分析了三類網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點組網(wǎng)、入網(wǎng)的過程,最終實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)無線傳輸?shù)墓δ�。軟件部分先是對下位機(jī)軟件進(jìn)行設(shè)計,利用C語言在IAR平臺上完成程序代碼的編寫;其次對上位機(jī)軟件的各功能模塊和數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計,利用Java語言在MyEclipse平臺完成上位機(jī)軟件程序代碼的編寫�，F(xiàn)在大多數(shù)公司設(shè)計的抄表系統(tǒng)主要完成了對電能表數(shù)據(jù)信息的采集,對少數(shù)有竊電行為的用戶不能達(dá)到即時監(jiān)測的要求,因此在本文設(shè)計的抄表系統(tǒng)中加入了竊電識別功能,即時診斷用戶是否存在竊電行為。同時又加入了短信催繳費功能,當(dāng)居民所剩電費額度不夠時,以短信方式通知用戶及時進(jìn)行繳費,省去了電力人員挨家挨戶張貼欠費單所帶來的麻煩。最后搭建了系統(tǒng)的測試平臺,對無線抄表系統(tǒng)上位機(jī)與下位機(jī)整體功能進(jìn)行測試。通過測試結(jié)果得出,本遠(yuǎn)程抄表系統(tǒng)可以準(zhǔn)確地完成數(shù)據(jù)的采集功能以及對數(shù)據(jù)的一系列處理,達(dá)到了之前需求中期望的效果,證明了實驗的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet and the emergence of new technologies, the society has become more and more dependent on electricity. The traditional manual regular visit to the user meter reading form, not only can not guarantee the real-time synchronization and accuracy of the data, but also wasted a lot of human and material resources. At present, the remote power meter reading system in our country mostly adopts RS-485,RS-232 and other wired communication methods. However, with the increasing number of users, the demand for real-time and stability of data is also increasing, and the shortcomings of these wired communication meter reading methods are gradually exposed. For example, in the early wiring process, the tedious circuits lead to too much work. It is not easy to extend, the maintenance cost of line loss is too high and the maintenance is complex. In order to solve the above problem, wireless remote meter reading technology has been applied. Wireless remote meter reading technology is not only to break the original power meter reading mode, but also to accurately record the Watt-hour meter data, at the same time, the power consumption of the system is very strict. Wireless meter reading technology such as Bluetooth and GPRS,WiFi can not meet this high demand. ZigBee is a new technology which has many advantages such as low power consumption low cost low complexity and so on. At the same time, the advantages of high network capacity, high security and high reliability also indicate the advantages of ZigBee technology in wireless remote meter reading. By studying the traditional meter reading technology and the emerging remote meter reading technology, this paper proposes a remote power meter reading scheme based on ZigBee wireless communication technology. In view of the remote power meter reading system realized in this paper, the requirements of the system are analyzed firstly, and the requirements of the system are described in detail from the two aspects of function and performance, and then the overall design scheme of the system is formed. Then the system is designed in detail from two aspects: software and hardware. The chips of hardware part coordinator, router and acquisition terminal all adopt CC2530 produced by TI as wireless transmission module. At the same time, CC2591 RF front-end expands the distance of data communication. Then, the paper analyzes the process of three kinds of network nodes, and finally realizes the function of wireless data transmission. In the software part, the lower computer software is designed, and the program code is written on IAR platform with C language. Secondly, the function modules and database of PC software are designed in detail, and the program code of PC software is compiled by Java language on MyEclipse platform. At present, the meter reading system designed by most companies has mainly completed the collection of the data information of the electric energy meter, and can not meet the requirements of real-time monitoring for a few users who have the behavior of stealing electricity. Therefore, the function of electricity theft identification has been added to the meter reading system designed in this paper. Instant diagnosis of power theft by the user. At the same time, it also adds the SMS to urge payment, when the amount of electricity left by the residents is not enough, the users are informed by SMS to pay in time, which saves the trouble caused by the door-to-door posting of arrears by electric power personnel. Finally, the test platform of the system is built to test the whole function of the upper computer and the lower computer of the wireless meter reading system. The test results show that the remote meter reading system can accurately complete the data collection function and a series of data processing, and achieve the desired results in the previous requirements, which proves the feasibility of the experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM933.4

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本文編號：2312529