【摘要】：我國特高壓輸變電工程建設(shè)世界領(lǐng)先。特高壓工程具有輸電容量大,傳輸距離遠,輸送損耗小和占地面積小等特點,是實現(xiàn)電力資源配置的重要方式,可大大提升我國電網(wǎng)的輸送能力。輸電線路架線施工需要跨越已經(jīng)建成的電網(wǎng)、高鐵、高速公路等重要設(shè)施,為保證這些設(shè)施的安全正常運行,需要采取跨越封網(wǎng)防護措施。本文對跨越技術(shù)進行了梳理分析,并就主要被跨越物類型所適用跨越架形式進行了總結(jié)。建立了跨越架力學(xué)模型,進行了數(shù)值模擬分析。對跨越架的剪刀撐布置形式、構(gòu)造形式(立桿間距、大橫桿間距、小橫桿垂直及水平間距、排間距等)、高度、排數(shù)對跨越架力學(xué)性能的影響進行了分析,結(jié)果表明構(gòu)造參數(shù)對跨越架的影響明顯,在小橫桿立面設(shè)置剪刀撐的跨越架較僅四周設(shè)置剪刀撐的跨越架最大位移和應(yīng)力更小,穩(wěn)定性更好,建議實際工程中采用小橫桿立面設(shè)置剪刀撐的形式;隨跨越架高度的增加,最大位移隨著荷載增加而增大的趨勢更快,穩(wěn)定性快速衰減;增加跨越架的排數(shù)有利于降低跨越架應(yīng)力與位移,增強其穩(wěn)定性。對跨越架在導(dǎo)線沖擊下的動力學(xué)響應(yīng)進行了分析,結(jié)果顯示力學(xué)簡化模型三跨連續(xù)梁較簡支梁更能準(zhǔn)確反映跨越架桿件在沖擊作用下的動力響應(yīng)。導(dǎo)線沖擊架體時,隨沖擊質(zhì)量的增加架體的瞬時位移及應(yīng)力的幅值呈線性增加趨勢,且跨越架振動恢復(fù)至穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)所需時間更久、波動幅度更大。導(dǎo)線的下落高度越高,導(dǎo)線落到架體時所含的能量越大,沖擊引起的位移和應(yīng)力亦越大。沖擊位置不同,引起的效應(yīng)也不同。建立了跨越架與封網(wǎng)裝置的耦合模型,研究了跨越架高度、封網(wǎng)形式、荷載在封網(wǎng)裝置上的作用位置及兩側(cè)跨越架的高差對跨越架力學(xué)性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明絕緣網(wǎng)的變形有利于減小導(dǎo)線下落對跨越架的直接沖擊,并有效的分散導(dǎo)線荷載在跨越架上的作用位置,有利于提高跨越架的安全性。封網(wǎng)形式影響承載索的弧垂,進而改變承載索與跨越架之間的夾角使作用于跨越架的荷載方向發(fā)生變化,但在檔距較小時影響甚小。兩側(cè)跨越架的高差對較高側(cè)跨越架的位移和應(yīng)力的影響較小,對較低跨越架的影響比較大。
[Abstract]:China leads the world in the construction of UHV power transmission and transformation projects. UHV project has the characteristics of large transmission capacity, long transmission distance, small transmission loss and small area. It is an important way to realize the allocation of power resources, and can greatly enhance the transmission capacity of power network in China. Transmission line construction needs to span the power grid, high-speed rail, expressway and other important facilities, in order to ensure the safe and normal operation of these facilities, it is necessary to take measures to protect the network. In this paper, the cross-over technology is analyzed, and the main types of cross-over frame are summarized. The mechanical model of span frame is established, and the numerical simulation is carried out. This paper analyzes the influence of the arrangement form, structure form (vertical and horizontal spacing, row spacing, etc.), height and number of the span frame on the mechanical properties of the span frame, and the structure form (vertical bar spacing, large horizontal bar spacing, small horizontal bar spacing, etc.), and the influence on the mechanical properties of the span frame are analyzed. The results show that the influence of structural parameters on the span frame is obvious, and the maximum displacement and stress are smaller and the stability is better in the span frame with scissors brace on the elevation of the small horizontal bar than in the span frame with only scissors brace around. It is suggested that the form of scissors brace should be set on the elevation of small horizontal bar in practical engineering, and the maximum displacement will increase with the increase of the height of the span frame, and the stability will decrease rapidly with the increase of load. Increasing the number of span frames is helpful to reduce the stress and displacement of span frames and enhance their stability. The dynamic response of span frame under conductor impact is analyzed. The results show that the simplified mechanical model can accurately reflect the dynamic response of span frame member under impact compared with simply supported beam. The instantaneous displacement and stress amplitude of the frame increases linearly with the increase of the impact mass, and the vibration of the span frame needs a longer time to recover to the stable state and the amplitude of fluctuation is larger. The higher the falling height of the conductor is, the greater the energy is when the conductor falls into the frame, and the greater the displacement and stress caused by impact are. Different impact positions cause different effects. The coupling model of span frame and sealing device is established, and the influence of the height of span frame, the form of sealing net, the action position of load on the sealing device and the height difference between two sides of span frame on the mechanical properties of span frame are studied. The results show that the deformation of the insulation network is helpful to reduce the direct impact of the wire drop on the span frame, and to effectively disperse the position of the traverse load on the span frame, and to improve the safety of the span frame. The form of sealing net affects the sag of the bearing cable, and then changes the angle between the bearing cable and the span frame to change the direction of the load acting on the span frame, but the influence is very small when the space is small. The height difference of the two sides span frame has little effect on the displacement and stress of the higher side span frame, but it has more influence on the lower span frame.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM752

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