【摘要】：伴隨著電磁場、計算機、智能電網(wǎng)等領域的快速發(fā)展,無線電能傳輸技術(shù)近年來得到深入研究并廣泛應用于移動電子設備、智能家電、電動汽車、礦井、水下環(huán)境等充電場合。其中,磁耦合諧振式無線電能傳輸技術(shù)在中等傳輸距離下能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)較大的傳輸功率、較高的傳輸效率,一經(jīng)問世便引起了國內(nèi)外研究學者和商家的極大關注。隨著應用環(huán)境的日趨復雜,如何在高效輸電的同時保證高可靠性、高安全性、高穩(wěn)定性、高精確性是此項技術(shù)亟待解決的問題。本論文基于磁耦合諧振技術(shù),主要研究了無線電能傳輸系統(tǒng)的傳輸性能變化情況。首先,基于電路理論分析耦合諧振機理,結(jié)合二端口網(wǎng)絡理論對系統(tǒng)建模分析,推導出表示傳輸性能的S參數(shù)表達式,得到傳輸性能隨收發(fā)線圈間距、水平偏移、角度偏移的變化關系。利用有限元方法構(gòu)建三維仿真模型,對系統(tǒng)發(fā)生水平偏移、角度偏移時的電場和功率流變化進行矢量模擬,找出天線最佳朝向。其次,對多組無線電能傳輸裝置間電磁環(huán)境問題分析研究,通過互感理論推導出輸出功率的表達式,并采用有限元方法優(yōu)化計算過程。對兩系統(tǒng)同軸放置和存在錯位時進行仿真,得出多組系統(tǒng)同時工作時傳輸性能的互相影響關系:由于本系統(tǒng)受到相鄰系統(tǒng)的影響,線圈互感參數(shù)改變從而導致系統(tǒng)頻率分裂,最佳諧振點偏移。通過仿真分析找出兩系統(tǒng)最佳放置位置,提高了系統(tǒng)傳輸性能。本論文還設計了小功率磁耦合諧振式無線電能傳輸系統(tǒng)實驗裝置,分別對諧振線圈發(fā)生偏移、兩系統(tǒng)間互相影響進行實驗研究,實驗結(jié)果和仿真結(jié)果一致,驗證了理論分析和仿真的可靠性。最后,分析水下無線電能傳輸系統(tǒng)的傳輸性能,推導出電磁波在海水中的傳播特性,得到海水介質(zhì)中系統(tǒng)的傳輸功率、效率表達式,利用Matlab仿真得出傳輸性能隨傳輸距離的變化關系。通過Comsol仿真軟件的多物理場耦合特性分析系統(tǒng)在海水介質(zhì)中的能量損耗,建立人體頭部三維模型,研究了系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的高頻電磁波對人體安全的危害。綜合水下應用環(huán)境的不穩(wěn)定因素,分析了海水溫度和壓力對系統(tǒng)傳輸性能的影響。所得結(jié)論可為今后開發(fā)高性能的水下無線電能傳輸系統(tǒng)提供理論支持。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electromagnetic field, computer, smart grid and other fields, radio energy transmission technology has been deeply studied in recent years and widely used in mobile electronic equipment, intelligent home appliances, electric vehicles, mines, underwater environment and other charging occasions. Among them, the magnetically coupled resonant radio energy transmission technology can achieve large transmission power and high transmission efficiency at medium transmission distance, which has attracted great attention of domestic and foreign researchers and businessmen. With the increasing complexity of the application environment, how to ensure high reliability, high security, high stability and high accuracy while transmitting electricity efficiently is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the magnetic coupling resonance technology, this paper mainly studies the transmission performance of radio energy transmission system. First of all, based on the circuit theory analysis of coupling resonance mechanism, combined with the two-port network theory to model the system, the S-parameter expression to express the transmission performance is derived, and the transmission performance is obtained with the distance between the receiving and receiving coils and the horizontal deviation. The relation of angle deviation. The three-dimensional simulation model is constructed by using finite element method. The vector simulation of the electric field and power flow changes when the system is horizontal and angle offset is carried out to find out the best antenna orientation. Secondly, the electromagnetic environment problem between multiple radio energy transmission devices is analyzed and studied. The expression of output power is deduced by mutual inductance theory, and the calculation process is optimized by finite element method. The simulation of coaxial placement and misalignment of the two systems is carried out, and the mutual influence relation of transmission performance when the multi-group system is working at the same time is obtained. Because the system is affected by the adjacent system, the coils mutual inductance parameter changes, which leads to the frequency splitting of the system. Optimum resonance offset. The optimal position of the two systems is found by simulation analysis, and the transmission performance of the system is improved. In this paper, the experimental device of low power magnetically coupled resonant radio energy transmission system is designed. The resonant coils are offset and the interaction between the two systems is studied experimentally. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results. The reliability of theoretical analysis and simulation is verified. Finally, the transmission performance of underwater radio energy transmission system is analyzed, and the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in sea water are deduced, and the expressions of transmission power and efficiency of the system in seawater medium are obtained. The relationship between transmission performance and transmission distance is obtained by Matlab simulation. By analyzing the energy loss of the multi-physical field coupling system of Comsol simulation software in seawater medium, a three-dimensional model of human head is established, and the harm of the high frequency electromagnetic wave produced by the system to human safety is studied. The influence of seawater temperature and pressure on the transmission performance of the system is analyzed by synthesizing the unstable factors of underwater application environment. The conclusions can provide theoretical support for the future development of high performance underwater radio energy transmission system.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM724

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