【摘要】：環(huán)境和能源問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成本世紀(jì)國(guó)際社會(huì)廣為關(guān)注的話(huà)題,電動(dòng)車(chē)作為一種環(huán)境友好型、資源節(jié)約型的交通工具被人們接受。我國(guó)作為世界上人口最多的國(guó)家,電動(dòng)車(chē)的產(chǎn)量也位居世界第一,但我國(guó)電動(dòng)車(chē)研發(fā)的技術(shù)仍然相對(duì)比較落后,因此,研制出性能優(yōu)越的電動(dòng)車(chē)對(duì)我國(guó)環(huán)境和能源的發(fā)展具有非常重要的實(shí)際價(jià)值。電動(dòng)車(chē)輪轂電機(jī)基本上都是采用無(wú)刷直流電機(jī),所以對(duì)無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的控制器的研究和設(shè)計(jì)就成為電動(dòng)車(chē)發(fā)展和研究的重要部分。本文圍繞電動(dòng)車(chē)用無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制器展開(kāi)理論研究,采用ST公司生產(chǎn)的STM 32系列微控制器作為電機(jī)控制器的主控芯片。在對(duì)無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)基本結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理及其控制策略理論研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,通過(guò)軟件仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)提出理論算法進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證和分析,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)電動(dòng)車(chē)用無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)有效的控制。主要研究工作如下:(1)研究了傳統(tǒng)的無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)兩兩通控制方式,采用雙閉環(huán)制方式對(duì)電機(jī)進(jìn)行控制,并在轉(zhuǎn)速外環(huán)和電流內(nèi)環(huán)中都使用了PI控制算法;對(duì)上面的控制方式在PSIM中進(jìn)行了仿真,并分析了仿真結(jié)果。(2)研究了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng),建立了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)、三相逆變器在不同坐標(biāo)系的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并將兩者模型聯(lián)系在一起;分析了 SVPWM算法的具體原理;分析、設(shè)計(jì)了基于Lyapunov的控制器,實(shí)現(xiàn)了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的矢量控制,減少了電機(jī)電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩的脈振的問(wèn)題。(3)研究了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的無(wú)速度傳感器矢量控制系統(tǒng),分析滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制的基本原理,并將該原理應(yīng)用到無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的無(wú)速度傳感器的控制中;設(shè)置了兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系下的自適應(yīng)滑模觀測(cè)器數(shù)學(xué)模型,準(zhǔn)確地觀測(cè)到無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的感應(yīng)電勢(shì),實(shí)現(xiàn)了無(wú)速度控制的目標(biāo)。(4)設(shè)計(jì)了無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)本文中提出的各種理論、算法進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)論證。
[Abstract]:Environmental and energy issues have been widely concerned by the international community in the century, electric vehicles as an environmentally friendly, resource-efficient means of transport has been accepted. China, as the most populous country in the world, has the largest output of electric vehicles in the world, but the technology of electric vehicles in our country is still relatively backward, so, The development of electric vehicle with superior performance has very important practical value for the development of environment and energy in our country. The brushless DC motor is basically used in the hub motor of electric vehicle, so the research and design of the controller of the brushless DC motor has become an important part of the development and research of electric vehicle. In this paper, the brushless DC motor controller for electric vehicle is studied theoretically, and the STM 32 series microcontroller produced by ST Company is used as the main control chip of the motor controller. Based on the research on the basic structure, working principle and control strategy of brushless DC motor, the theoretical algorithm is verified and analyzed by software simulation and experiment, and the effective control of brushless DC motor for electric vehicle is realized. The main research work is as follows: (1) the traditional two-way control method of brushless DC motor is studied, and the PI control algorithm is used in the rotating speed outer loop and the current inner loop. The above control methods are simulated in PSIM, and the simulation results are analyzed. (2) the vector control system of brushless DC motor is studied, and the mathematical models of brushless DC motor and three-phase inverter in different coordinate systems are established. The principle of SVPWM algorithm is analyzed and the controller based on Lyapunov is designed to realize the vector control of brushless DC motor. The pulse vibration of motor electromagnetic torque is reduced. (3) the speed sensorless vector control system of brushless DC motor is studied, and the basic principle of sliding mode variable structure control is analyzed. The principle is applied to the speed sensorless control of brushless DC motor, the mathematical model of adaptive sliding mode observer in two-phase stationary coordinate system is set up, and the induction potential of brushless DC motor is accurately observed. (4) the experimental platform of brushless DC motor control is designed, and the various theories and algorithms proposed in this paper are demonstrated experimentally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM33;U469.72
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本文編號(hào)：2277439