【摘要】：永磁電機(jī)相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)電勵(lì)磁電機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,體積小,質(zhì)量輕,輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩大,運(yùn)行可靠等特點(diǎn),在日常生活,工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和軍事中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。而科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展及人類社會(huì)的進(jìn)步對(duì)電機(jī)的性能指標(biāo)提出了更高的要求。因此,研究高轉(zhuǎn)矩密度、高可靠性、高容錯(cuò)能力以及低轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)集于一身的新型電機(jī)來提高人們的生活水平,提高用電效率尤為重要。相近槽極數(shù)配合的分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁電機(jī)具有轉(zhuǎn)矩密度高,性能好,經(jīng)濟(jì)適用的特點(diǎn)。論文分析比較了槽極數(shù)相差2的近極槽永磁電機(jī)采用不同繞組配置時(shí)電機(jī)的性能優(yōu)勢(shì),并提出采用不等齒寬提高電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩密度,以滿足數(shù)控轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái),風(fēng)力發(fā)電,家用電器等應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合對(duì)電機(jī)低轉(zhuǎn)速高轉(zhuǎn)矩的要求。首先,以分?jǐn)?shù)槽永磁電機(jī)的槽極配合原則為基礎(chǔ),分析相近槽極數(shù)永磁電機(jī)的槽極配合原則,研究了近極槽永磁電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型、結(jié)構(gòu)和繞組的連接方式;并分析了永磁電機(jī)特有的齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理及抑制方法。其次,確定本文所要研究的近極槽永磁電機(jī)為槽極數(shù)相差2的12槽10極和12槽14極分別采用全齒繞組和隔齒繞組的4個(gè)230W永磁電機(jī),并選擇傳統(tǒng)的槽極數(shù)比為3:2的15槽10極電機(jī)做為對(duì)照進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。對(duì)電機(jī)的尺寸、轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)、定子繞組分配以及材料選擇進(jìn)行初步設(shè)計(jì),并通過有限元軟件建模多次仿真優(yōu)化確定電機(jī)的最終設(shè)計(jì)方案。最后,分析近極槽電機(jī)相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)槽極配合的分?jǐn)?shù)槽電機(jī)的性能優(yōu)勢(shì),并分析近極槽電機(jī)槽極數(shù)均相差2,槽數(shù)多于極數(shù)和極數(shù)多于槽數(shù)時(shí)以及相同槽極配合不同繞組連接方式情況下電機(jī)的性能特點(diǎn)。研究了相近槽極數(shù)永磁電機(jī)采用不等齒提高電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩密度的原因以及不等齒結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方法,詳細(xì)對(duì)比分析了不同定子齒和齒頂寬設(shè)計(jì)方案下電機(jī)的輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩、齒槽轉(zhuǎn)矩和脈動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩的大小關(guān)系,為近極槽不等齒電機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional electric excitation motor, the permanent magnet motor has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, light weight, large output torque, reliable operation and so on. It has been widely used in daily life, industrial and agricultural production and military affairs. The development of science and technology and the progress of human society put forward higher requirements for the performance of motor. Therefore, it is very important to study the new motor with the advantages of high torque density, high reliability, high fault tolerance and low torque ripple to improve people's living standard and power efficiency. The fractional-slot permanent magnet motor with close slot number is characterized by high torque density, good performance and economical applicability. This paper analyzes and compares the performance advantages of the near pole permanent magnet motor with different windings, and puts forward the use of unequal tooth width to increase the torque density of the motor to meet the numerical control turntable and wind power generation. The requirement of low speed and high torque for electrical appliances and other applications. Firstly, on the basis of the principle of slot matching of fractional slot permanent magnet motor, the principle of slot pole coordination of the similar slot pole permanent magnet motor is analyzed, and the mathematical model, structure and winding connection mode of the near pole permanent magnet motor are studied. The generation mechanism and suppression method of the grooving torque of the permanent magnet motor are analyzed. Secondly, it is determined that the near-pole permanent magnet motor studied in this paper is a 12-slot 10 pole with a difference of 2 poles and a 12-slot 14 pole with four 230W permanent magnet motors with full teeth winding and gear separation winding, respectively. The traditional 15 slot 10 pole motor with 3:2 slot pole ratio is chosen as the contrast analysis. The size, rotor structure, stator winding distribution and material selection of the motor are preliminarily designed, and the final design scheme of the motor is determined by the simulation and optimization of the finite element software for many times. Finally, the performance advantages of near-pole slot motor compared with traditional fractional-slot motor are analyzed. The characteristics of the motor are analyzed when the number of slots is more than the poles and the number of poles is more than the number of slots, and when the same slot pole is combined with different winding connection mode, the performance characteristics of the motor are analyzed. In this paper, the reasons for increasing the torque density of the motor with unequal teeth and the design method of the unequal tooth structure are studied, and the output torque of the motor under different stator teeth and tooth top width design schemes are compared and analyzed in detail. The relationship between slot torque and ripple torque provides a basis for the design of near-pole slot unequal tooth motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM351

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