【摘要】：大型風機是煤電機組的重要輔機,同時也是火力發(fā)電生產(chǎn)過程中耗能較大的設(shè)備。為解決此問題,近年來發(fā)電企業(yè)逐步開展了變頻電動機驅(qū)動、變速運行的風機技術(shù)改造,取得了一定的節(jié)能降耗效果。然而,隨著變頻技術(shù)改造的實施,一些風機出現(xiàn)了葉片斷裂、大軸斷裂、聯(lián)軸器損傷等設(shè)備運行故障,嚴重影響機組的發(fā)電生產(chǎn)和運行安全,因此本文擬有針對性的開展研究工作。變頻輔機扭振問題的研究,對于確保熱力發(fā)電設(shè)備的安全、經(jīng)濟運行具有重要意義。本文首先分析了火電廠引風機的運行工況和負載,明確了變頻改造后引風機的運行狀態(tài)和機械特性,為引風機軸系扭振的機理分析提供了理論參考。建立軸系扭振模型,并通過數(shù)值分析方法,求解軸系扭振的固有特性。然后結(jié)合電廠扭振故障現(xiàn)場案例,研制扭振物理試驗臺,對比分析扭振試驗結(jié)果和數(shù)值仿真結(jié)果,主要為驗證仿真分析結(jié)果的有效性,支持后續(xù)的研究。從引風機幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和變速調(diào)節(jié)兩個方面,研究火電廠變頻改造后引風機軸系扭振故障機理。分析了幾何結(jié)構(gòu)對引風機軸系扭振固有特性的影響,有利于合理設(shè)計引風機軸系轉(zhuǎn)子;結(jié)合臺山電廠變頻輔機的扭振故障案例,對實際變頻驅(qū)動下的引風機系統(tǒng),進行了軸系扭振響應(yīng)特性分析,得到了扭振的共振頻率點以及不同軸位置的扭轉(zhuǎn)位移。通過電機恒速運行與變速調(diào)節(jié)下引風機軸系響應(yīng)特性的對比分析,電廠輔機在變頻改造之后,使得引風機軸系發(fā)生共振現(xiàn)象,扭轉(zhuǎn)位移遠遠大于變頻改造之前的情況,易導(dǎo)致變頻引風機軸系斷裂。并從機械和電氣兩個方面,提出引風機軸系扭振抑制方法。論文工作對促進我國大型變頻輔機的安全經(jīng)濟運行,具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:Large-scale fan is an important auxiliary machine of coal power unit, and it is also a large energy-consuming equipment in thermal power generation process. In order to solve this problem, in recent years, power generation enterprises have gradually carried out the technical transformation of fan driven by variable frequency motor and variable speed operation, and achieved certain energy saving and consumption reduction effect. However, with the implementation of frequency conversion technology transformation, some blower have some equipment running faults, such as blade breakage, big shaft fracture, coupling damage and so on, which seriously affect the production and operation safety of generating units. Therefore, this paper intends to carry out targeted research work. The study of torsional vibration of frequency conversion auxiliary machine is of great significance to ensure the safety and economic operation of thermal power generation equipment. In this paper, the operating condition and load of the induced fan in thermal power plant are analyzed, and the operating state and mechanical characteristics of the induced fan after the transformation of frequency conversion are clarified, which provides a theoretical reference for the mechanism analysis of the torsional vibration of the shaft system of the induced fan. The torsional vibration model of shafting is established, and the natural characteristics of torsional vibration of shafting are solved by numerical analysis method. Then the physical test rig of torsional vibration is developed based on the field case of torsional vibration in power plant. The results of torsional vibration test and numerical simulation are compared and analyzed. The main purpose of this paper is to verify the validity of the simulation results and to support the subsequent research. The mechanism of torsional vibration of induced fan shafting after frequency conversion modification in thermal power plant is studied from the aspects of geometry structure and variable speed regulation of induced fan. The influence of geometric structure on the natural characteristics of torsional vibration of induced fan shafting is analyzed, which is beneficial to the rational design of shaft rotor of induced fan, and combined with the torsional vibration fault case of frequency conversion auxiliary machine in Taishan Power Plant, the actual induced fan system driven by frequency conversion is analyzed. The characteristics of torsional vibration response of shafting are analyzed, and the resonance frequency of torsional vibration and torsional displacement of different axis are obtained. Through the comparative analysis of the response characteristics of the induced fan shafting under the constant speed operation and variable speed regulation of the motor, the auxiliary units of the power plant make the induced fan shaft system resonance after the transformation of frequency conversion, and the torsional displacement is far greater than the situation before the frequency conversion transformation. Easily lead to frequency conversion induced fan shaft fracture. A method for suppressing torsional vibration of induced fan shafting is put forward from both mechanical and electrical aspects. The work of this paper has certain reference value for promoting the safe and economical operation of large frequency conversion auxiliary machine in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM621

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