【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)電力系統(tǒng)設(shè)備因其不具備靈活功率流控制、無法實現(xiàn)能量多節(jié)點(diǎn)雙向傳輸、難以提供多樣化供電形式的特點(diǎn),難以滿足未來智能電網(wǎng)發(fā)展需求�；陔娏﹄娮蛹夹g(shù)發(fā)展而來的固態(tài)變壓器等各類電力電子變換裝置,不但能為各類可再生能源及儲能系統(tǒng)提供豐富互聯(lián)接口,還將為未來電網(wǎng)潮流智能分配管理和多端能量變換提供靈活控制方法。本文研究了一種應(yīng)用于未來智能電網(wǎng)的交流三端口變換器,完成以下工作:介紹了固態(tài)變壓器的發(fā)展歷程及出現(xiàn)的典型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了交流三端口變換器采用高壓級聯(lián)整流級、中間隔離DC-DC變換級和低壓逆變輸出級三級式拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。針對三電平H橋單模塊和單相級聯(lián)變換器,分別建立其開關(guān)等效電路,推導(dǎo)電路方程表達(dá)式;針對雙向半橋三電平DC-DC拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),分析其工作原理并推導(dǎo)其在移相控制條件下的功率傳輸特性。研究了適合級聯(lián)整流級的三相DQ解耦控制策略,在模塊間采用載波移相調(diào)制及模塊內(nèi)采用反相載波層疊調(diào)制的基礎(chǔ)上,增加冗余開關(guān)選擇,解決了三電平H橋多電平模塊分電容電壓均衡問題;針對中間級三電平半橋DC-DC變換器,應(yīng)用雙邊三電平移相控制方式,推導(dǎo)不同模式功率傳輸特性,研究了一種輕載效率較高的中間隔離DC-DC變換級控制策略。在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,搭建了交流三端口變換器系統(tǒng)MATLAB/Simulink仿真模型,仿真了輸入級在系統(tǒng)啟動和負(fù)載變化過程的動態(tài)特性,帶載工作時網(wǎng)側(cè)電流正弦性、單位功率因數(shù)運(yùn)行等穩(wěn)態(tài)性能;其次仿真了中間級采用雙邊三電平控制的工作原理和功率傳輸特性,并對比仿真驗證了輕載時采用傳統(tǒng)移相控制、單邊三電平控制和雙邊三電平控制時各自流過中頻變壓器電流的大小;最后模擬了兩個低壓端口與高壓端口之間的功率傳輸特性。在理論研究和仿真驗證的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了由三相整流和隔離DC-DC構(gòu)成的能量交互小功率實驗平臺,完成基于FPGA芯片控制程序設(shè)計,給出了系統(tǒng)動靜態(tài)性能,分別實驗驗證了三相級聯(lián)整流器、隔離DC-DC變換器及多端口能量交互系統(tǒng)電路拓?fù)浜涂刂撇呗缘恼_性及可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of its lack of flexible power flow control, the traditional power system equipment can not realize the two-way transmission of energy multi-node, it is difficult to provide a variety of power supply forms, and it is difficult to meet the development needs of smart grid in the future. Based on the development of power electronics technology, solid state transformers and other power electronic conversion devices can not only provide a rich interconnection interface for all kinds of renewable energy and energy storage systems, It will also provide a flexible control method for the future power flow intelligent allocation management and multi-terminal energy conversion. In this paper, an AC three-port converter applied in the future smart grid is studied. The following works are accomplished: the development of solid-state transformer and its typical topology are introduced. On this basis, the three-port AC converter with high voltage cascade rectifier stage, intermediate isolated DC-DC transform stage and low voltage inverter output stage is presented. For three-level H-bridge single-module and single-phase cascaded converters, the switching equivalent circuits are established, and the expressions of circuit equations are derived, and the bi-directional half-bridge three-level DC-DC topology is analyzed. Its working principle is analyzed and its power transmission characteristics under phase shift control are deduced. The decoupling control strategy of three-phase DQ suitable for cascaded rectifier stage is studied. On the basis of adopting carrier phase shift modulation between modules and inverse-phase carrier stacked modulation in module, the selection of redundant switch is increased. The voltage equalization problem of three-level H-bridge multilevel module is solved, and for the intermediate three-level half-bridge DC-DC converter, the power transmission characteristics of different modes are deduced by using the bilateral three-level phase-shift control mode. An intermediate isolated DC-DC transform level control strategy with high light load efficiency is studied. On the basis of the above research, the simulation model of AC three-port converter system MATLAB/Simulink is built, and the dynamic characteristics of input stage during system startup and load change are simulated, and the sinusoidal characteristics of grid-side current when working under load are simulated. The steady-state performance such as unit power factor operation is simulated. Secondly, the operation principle and power transmission characteristics of the intermediate stage using two-sided three-level control are simulated, and compared with the simulation results, the traditional phase-shifting control is used when the load is light. At last, the power transmission characteristics between the two low-voltage ports and the high-voltage ports are simulated. On the basis of theoretical research and simulation verification, a small power experiment platform of energy exchange composed of three-phase rectifier and isolated DC-DC is constructed. The control program based on FPGA chip is designed, and the dynamic and static performance of the system is given. The correctness and feasibility of the circuit topology and control strategy of three-phase cascade rectifier isolated DC-DC converter and multi-port energy interactive system are verified by experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM46

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