【摘要】：目前對(duì)太陽能的利用主要方式為光熱及光伏兩種。在光伏應(yīng)中,太陽能電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率隨著環(huán)境溫度升高而降低。針對(duì)太陽能電池散熱問題,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)此提出了不同的降溫方案。本文根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度與太陽能輻射強(qiáng)度的隨動(dòng)關(guān)系(即高環(huán)境溫度伴隨強(qiáng)太陽輻照度出現(xiàn)),提出了一種基于太陽能煙囪效應(yīng)的光伏組件強(qiáng)化空冷散熱裝置。在提出強(qiáng)化散熱裝置的設(shè)計(jì)方案基礎(chǔ)上,采用有限元分析軟件Ansys建立了系統(tǒng)散熱性能的預(yù)測(cè)模型。利用所建模型,對(duì)強(qiáng)化空冷散熱裝置進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化分析。為驗(yàn)證新型光伏組件強(qiáng)化空冷散熱裝置的實(shí)用性與所建模型的預(yù)測(cè)精度,搭建了對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),并基于當(dāng)?shù)貍?cè)風(fēng)極限強(qiáng)度,對(duì)所搭建的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了風(fēng)載靜力學(xué)分析,確保其在側(cè)風(fēng)條件下的結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性。隨后,根據(jù)所需實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)完成了測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建,包括各類傳感器選型安裝、人機(jī)界面設(shè)計(jì)、上下位機(jī)通訊等。其中,采用TAM-18B20-8L數(shù)字采集模塊與KLM-4118電流采集模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)了各觀察點(diǎn)傳感器采集數(shù)據(jù)的集中,使用Visual Basic圖像化編程軟件完成了人機(jī)通訊界面的開發(fā),采用串口通信方式實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)各類傳感器采集數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)。開展實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,利用實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了前期所建強(qiáng)化散熱裝置性能預(yù)測(cè)模型的預(yù)測(cè)精度,并以此模型為研究基礎(chǔ)分析了環(huán)境溫度與太陽能輻照度對(duì)散熱裝置散熱性能的影響,結(jié)果表明,基于太陽能煙囪效應(yīng)的強(qiáng)化空冷散熱裝置可將光伏組件的溫度較降低10度,有效提高了光伏組件的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率及使用壽命。
[Abstract]:At present, the main ways to use solar energy are photothermal and photovoltaic. In photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency decreases with the increase of ambient temperature. Aiming at the problem of solar cell heat dissipation, scholars at home and abroad put forward different cooling schemes. According to the relationship between ambient temperature and solar radiation intensity (that is, high ambient temperature accompanied by strong solar irradiance), a photovoltaic module based on solar chimney effect to enhance air-cooling heat dissipation device is proposed in this paper. On the basis of the design scheme of the enhanced heat dissipation device, the prediction model of the heat dissipation performance of the system is established by using the finite element analysis software Ansys. Using the model, the structure optimization analysis of the enhanced air cooling heat dissipation device is carried out. In order to verify the practicability of the new photovoltaic module enhanced air-cooled heat dissipation device and the prediction accuracy of the model, a comparative experimental platform was set up. Based on the limit strength of the local crosswind, the wind load static analysis of the experimental platform was carried out. To ensure the stability of the structure under crosswind conditions. Then, according to the required experimental data, the test system is constructed, including all kinds of sensor selection and installation, man-machine interface design, communication between upper and lower computer, etc. Among them, the TAM-18B20-8L digital acquisition module and the KLM-4118 current acquisition module are used to realize the data collection of the sensors at the observation points, and the man-machine communication interface is developed by using the Visual Basic image-based programming software. The method of serial port communication is used to realize the real-time detection of the data collected by all kinds of sensors. The experimental research was carried out, and the prediction accuracy of the performance prediction model of the pre-built enhanced heat dissipation device was verified by using the experimental data. Based on the model, the effects of environmental temperature and solar irradiance on the heat dissipation performance of the heat dissipation device were analyzed. The results show that the enhanced air-cooled heat dissipation device based on the solar chimney effect can reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module by 10 degrees and effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic module.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM914.4

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