【摘要】：分布式發(fā)電在憑借其獨(dú)特的經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境效益得到快速發(fā)展的同時(shí),給配電網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行帶來了很大挑戰(zhàn),其中配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)問題尤為嚴(yán)重。隨著分布式發(fā)電在配電網(wǎng)中滲透率顯著增長,為維持電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定,要求分布式發(fā)電具備低電壓穿越能力,使得保護(hù)問題成為分布式發(fā)電接入下的配電網(wǎng)永遠(yuǎn)都回避不了的難題。而目前配電網(wǎng)一般配備三段式電流保護(hù),因此深入研究分布式發(fā)電對配電網(wǎng)電流保護(hù)的影響及應(yīng)對策略具有十分重要的意義。本文基于分布式發(fā)電對配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)的影響主要取決于其自身容量及其與配電網(wǎng)連接的電氣接口的原理,將分布式發(fā)電類型分為逆變型DG、異步DG、同步DG、永磁同步DG,并研究了逆變型DG和異步DG在低電壓穿越中輸出電流特點(diǎn)及其對配電網(wǎng)電流保護(hù)的影響,通過對DG自身的調(diào)整來限制其故障電流以減小甚至避免其對配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)的不利影響。逆變型DG輸出電流主要跟其控制策略有關(guān)。本文在逆變器模型研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上提出一種廣泛被認(rèn)可的建模方式,從數(shù)學(xué)模型、低電壓穿越策略、限流保護(hù)控制等出發(fā),選取合理的仿真模型參數(shù),搭建逆變型DG模型,觀察其在電網(wǎng)故障期間輸出電流的變化,據(jù)此提出了基于并網(wǎng)點(diǎn)電壓實(shí)時(shí)動態(tài)調(diào)整逆變器限流保護(hù)參考電流的應(yīng)對策略。理論計(jì)算和仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該方案的有效性。異步DG分為單饋異步DG、雙饋異步DG。首先從理論計(jì)算和仿真結(jié)果兩方面分析了單饋異步DG在電網(wǎng)故障期間輸出電流的變化,基于轉(zhuǎn)子的時(shí)間常數(shù)與轉(zhuǎn)子外電阻有關(guān)的原理,提出了修改單饋異步DG轉(zhuǎn)子外電阻的應(yīng)對策略。然后在單饋異步DG的基礎(chǔ)上理論分析了雙饋異步DG的撬棒電阻和輸出電流,理論計(jì)算和仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了雙饋異步DG對配電網(wǎng)電流保護(hù)沒有影響。本文所提應(yīng)對策略所依據(jù)的理論原理清晰,物理概念明確,為分布式發(fā)電接入下的配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)問題的解決提供了一種可行的方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of its unique economic and environmental benefits, distributed generation has brought great challenges to the operation of distribution network, in which the distribution network protection problem is especially serious. With the increase of the permeability of distributed generation in distribution network, in order to maintain the stability of power system, distributed generation is required to have low voltage traversing capability. The protection problem has become a difficult problem for the distribution network under the distributed generation access. At present, the distribution network is generally equipped with three-segment current protection, so it is of great significance to study the impact of distributed generation on the distribution network current protection and countermeasures. In this paper, the influence of distributed generation on distribution network protection mainly depends on its own capacity and the principle of the electrical interface connected to the distribution network. The distributed generation type is divided into inverter DG, asynchronous DG, synchronous DG, permanent magnet synchronous DG, and the characteristics of output current of inverter DG and asynchronous DG in low voltage traversing and their influence on distribution network current protection are studied. The fault current of DG is limited by adjusting itself to reduce or even avoid its adverse effect on distribution network protection. The output current of inverter DG is mainly related to its control strategy. Based on the research status of inverter model, a widely accepted modeling method is proposed in this paper. Starting from mathematical model, low voltage traversing strategy, current limiting protection control and so on, reasonable simulation model parameters are selected to build inverter DG model. Based on the observation of the variation of the output current during the fault of the power network, a strategy to dynamically adjust the reference current of the inverter current limiting protection based on the parallel dot voltage is put forward. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by theoretical calculation and simulation experiments. Asynchronous DG is divided into single feed asynchronous DG, doubly-fed asynchronous DG. Firstly, the variation of output current of single-fed asynchronous DG during power network fault is analyzed from two aspects of theoretical calculation and simulation results, based on the principle that rotor time constant is related to rotor external resistance. A strategy for modifying the external resistance of a single feed asynchronous DG rotor is proposed. Then, based on the single-fed asynchronous DG, the crowbar resistance and output current of doubly-fed asynchronous DG are analyzed theoretically. The theoretical calculation and simulation results show that the doubly-fed asynchronous DG has no effect on the current protection of distribution network. The proposed strategy is based on a clear theory and clear physical concept, which provides a feasible solution to the distribution network protection problem under distributed generation access.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM61;TM773

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本文編號：2242342