界面修飾層對有機太陽能電池的性能影響研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-12 06:19
【摘要】：有機太陽能電池具有制備工藝簡單、可以制備于柔性基板上、便攜性高、制備成本低廉、可以大面積成膜等優(yōu)勢,在環(huán)境問題日益嚴重的今天受到了越來越多的關注,并且在近二十年來獲得了迅猛地發(fā)展。但是目前仍因能量轉換效率低下、壽命較低、物理機理不明確等問題無法投入商業(yè)化應用。而界面修飾層是影響有機太陽能電池能量轉換效率、壽命及器件穩(wěn)定性的重要因素,本論文以提高器件的能量轉換效率為主要目的,從器件結構設計、界面修飾層優(yōu)化方面入手,系統(tǒng)地研究了界面修飾層對器件轉換效率的影響。本論文可分為以下四個方面的主要研究內容:(1)研究了Mg:Ca:Al合金陰極小分子有機太陽能電池,通過改變合金陰極中金屬Mg的摻雜比例對器件性能進行優(yōu)化,再對優(yōu)化過合金陰極的器件改變陰極緩沖層BPhen的厚度,研究BPhen作為陰極緩沖層對器件性能的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)BPhen的引入在活性層與金屬陰極之間形成了良好的接觸,有效提高了電子的傳輸效率以及陰極對其收集效率,同時降低了光生激子的猝滅,有效提高了器件的能量轉換效率,當BPhen薄膜厚度為10 nm時,器件獲得最大能量轉換效率0.96%,比未添加陰極緩沖層的器件提高了88.24%,此時器件的開路電壓為0.34 V,短路電流為6.90 mA·cm-2,填充因子為0.41。(2)研究了CuPc:C60及NPB:C60結構體異質結有機太陽能電池,與同結構平面異質結器件進行了對比,實驗結果表明體異質結器件的性能較平面異質結器件有較大幅度提高,通過改變CuPc及NPB的摻雜比例對器件結構進行了優(yōu)化,并研究BPhen作為陰極緩沖層對器件性能的影響。研究表明BPhen作為陰極緩沖層起到了阻擋激子的作用,降低了光生載流子猝滅的幾率,有效地提高了器件性能。其中,對于CuPc/CuPc:C60/C60結構的體異質結器件,引入陰極緩沖層BPhen后器件的能量轉換效率由0.28%提高到了0.63%;對于CuPc/NPB:C60/C60結構的器件,能量轉換效率由0.24%提高到了0.40%。(3)研究了引入陰極緩沖層Alq3的有機太陽能電池。通過實驗驗證了Alq3具有很好的電子傳輸能力,并且因為其作為陰極緩沖層的引入使活性層與金屬陰極間形成了良好的接觸,提高了電子載流子的傳輸效率,增加了器件的能量轉換效率。實驗結果顯示,在Alq3薄膜厚度為3 nm時,器件的能量轉換效率達到0.48%,相比于沒有陰極緩沖層的同結構器件,引入了Alq3后器件的能量轉換效率提高了71.4%,該器件的開路電壓為0.25 V,短路電流為4.03 mA·cm-2,填充因子為0.47。(4)研究了NPB、MoO3及V2O5作為陽極緩沖層的ITO/Cu Pc/CuPc:C60/C60/BPhen/Al結構的小分子有機太陽能電池。實驗結果表明,NPB及MoO3的引入非但沒有提高器件性能反而影響了器件的能量轉換效率。而V2O5作為陽極緩沖層時,由于經(jīng)過V2O5修飾后降低了ITO表面粗糙度,有利于其與活性層之間形成良好的歐姆接觸,從而提高了器件的開路電壓。同時,V2O5作為陽極緩沖層有效地抑制了漏電流,降低了載流子的復合概率,從而提高了器件的短路電流。實驗結果顯示,當V2O5薄膜厚度為5 nm時,器件獲得最大能量轉換效率0.79%,比為添加陽極緩沖層的同結構器件提高了25.4%。
[Abstract]:Organic solar cells have many advantages, such as simple preparation process, high portability, low cost, and large-area film-forming. They have attracted more and more attention in the environment today, and have been developed rapidly in the last two decades. However, they are still inefficient in energy conversion. The interface modification layer is an important factor affecting the energy conversion efficiency, lifetime and device stability of organic solar cells. The main purpose of this paper is to improve the energy conversion efficiency of devices. The effects of interfacial modification layers on the conversion efficiency of the devices are studied systematically in this paper. The main research contents can be divided into the following four aspects: (1) Small molecule organic solar cells with Mg:Ca:Al alloy cathode are studied. The device performance is optimized by changing the doping ratio of Mg in the alloy cathode, and the device with optimized superalloy cathode is modified. The influence of BPhen as cathode buffer layer on device performance was studied. It was found that the introduction of BPhen formed a good contact between the active layer and the metal cathode, which effectively improved the transmission efficiency of electrons and the cathode collection efficiency. At the same time, the quenching of photoexcitons was reduced and the energy of the device was improved. When the thickness of BPhen film is 10 nm, the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the device is 0.96%, which is 88.24% higher than that of the device without cathode buffer layer. At this time, the open circuit voltage is 0.34 V, the short circuit current is 6.90 mA. cm-2, and the filling factor is 0.41. (2) The CuPc: C60 and NPB: C60 heterojunction organic solar cells are studied. The experimental results show that the performance of bulk heterojunction device is much better than that of planar heterojunction device. The structure of the device is optimized by changing the doping ratio of CuPc and NPB. The effect of BPhen as cathode buffer layer on the performance of the device is studied. Buffer layer acts as a barrier to excitons, reduces the probability of photogenerated carrier quenching and effectively improves the device performance. For bulk heterojunction devices with CuPc/CuPc:C60/C60 structure, the energy conversion efficiency is increased from 0.28% to 0.63% by introducing cathode buffer layer BPhen; for CuPc/NPB:C60/C60 structure, the energy conversion efficiency is increased from 0.28% to 0.63%. (3) Organic solar cells with cathode buffer layer Alq3 were studied. The experimental results show that Alq3 has good electron transfer ability, and because of its introduction as cathode buffer layer, the active layer contacts with metal cathode, and the electron carrier transfer efficiency is improved. The experimental results show that when the thickness of Alq3 film is 3 nm, the energy conversion efficiency of the device is 0.48%. Compared with the same structure device without cathode buffer layer, the energy conversion efficiency of the device is improved by 71.4%. The open-circuit voltage of the device is 0.25 V, the short-circuit current is 4.03 mA cm-2 and the filling current is 4.03 mA cm-2. Factor 0.47. (4) A small molecular organic solar cell with ITO/Cu Pc/CuPc:C60/C60/BPhen/Al structure with NPB, MoO_3 and V2O5 as anode buffer layers was studied. The experimental results show that the introduction of NPB and MoO_3 not only improves the performance of the device, but also affects the energy conversion efficiency of the device. The surface roughness of ITO decreases, which is beneficial to the formation of good ohmic contact between ITO and active layer, thus increasing the open-circuit voltage of the device. At the same time, as an anode buffer layer, V2O5 effectively suppresses the leakage current, reduces the probability of carrier recombination, and thus improves the short-circuit current of the device. At 5 nm, the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the device is 0.79%, which is 25.4% higher than that of the same structure device with anode buffer layer.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4
本文編號：2238158
[Abstract]:Organic solar cells have many advantages, such as simple preparation process, high portability, low cost, and large-area film-forming. They have attracted more and more attention in the environment today, and have been developed rapidly in the last two decades. However, they are still inefficient in energy conversion. The interface modification layer is an important factor affecting the energy conversion efficiency, lifetime and device stability of organic solar cells. The main purpose of this paper is to improve the energy conversion efficiency of devices. The effects of interfacial modification layers on the conversion efficiency of the devices are studied systematically in this paper. The main research contents can be divided into the following four aspects: (1) Small molecule organic solar cells with Mg:Ca:Al alloy cathode are studied. The device performance is optimized by changing the doping ratio of Mg in the alloy cathode, and the device with optimized superalloy cathode is modified. The influence of BPhen as cathode buffer layer on device performance was studied. It was found that the introduction of BPhen formed a good contact between the active layer and the metal cathode, which effectively improved the transmission efficiency of electrons and the cathode collection efficiency. At the same time, the quenching of photoexcitons was reduced and the energy of the device was improved. When the thickness of BPhen film is 10 nm, the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the device is 0.96%, which is 88.24% higher than that of the device without cathode buffer layer. At this time, the open circuit voltage is 0.34 V, the short circuit current is 6.90 mA. cm-2, and the filling factor is 0.41. (2) The CuPc: C60 and NPB: C60 heterojunction organic solar cells are studied. The experimental results show that the performance of bulk heterojunction device is much better than that of planar heterojunction device. The structure of the device is optimized by changing the doping ratio of CuPc and NPB. The effect of BPhen as cathode buffer layer on the performance of the device is studied. Buffer layer acts as a barrier to excitons, reduces the probability of photogenerated carrier quenching and effectively improves the device performance. For bulk heterojunction devices with CuPc/CuPc:C60/C60 structure, the energy conversion efficiency is increased from 0.28% to 0.63% by introducing cathode buffer layer BPhen; for CuPc/NPB:C60/C60 structure, the energy conversion efficiency is increased from 0.28% to 0.63%. (3) Organic solar cells with cathode buffer layer Alq3 were studied. The experimental results show that Alq3 has good electron transfer ability, and because of its introduction as cathode buffer layer, the active layer contacts with metal cathode, and the electron carrier transfer efficiency is improved. The experimental results show that when the thickness of Alq3 film is 3 nm, the energy conversion efficiency of the device is 0.48%. Compared with the same structure device without cathode buffer layer, the energy conversion efficiency of the device is improved by 71.4%. The open-circuit voltage of the device is 0.25 V, the short-circuit current is 4.03 mA cm-2 and the filling current is 4.03 mA cm-2. Factor 0.47. (4) A small molecular organic solar cell with ITO/Cu Pc/CuPc:C60/C60/BPhen/Al structure with NPB, MoO_3 and V2O5 as anode buffer layers was studied. The experimental results show that the introduction of NPB and MoO_3 not only improves the performance of the device, but also affects the energy conversion efficiency of the device. The surface roughness of ITO decreases, which is beneficial to the formation of good ohmic contact between ITO and active layer, thus increasing the open-circuit voltage of the device. At the same time, as an anode buffer layer, V2O5 effectively suppresses the leakage current, reduces the probability of carrier recombination, and thus improves the short-circuit current of the device. At 5 nm, the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the device is 0.79%, which is 25.4% higher than that of the same structure device with anode buffer layer.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM914.4
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