【摘要】：輸電線路承擔(dān)著輸送電能的任務(wù),線路走廊地形復(fù)雜、氣候多變,雷電活動(dòng)頻繁,雷擊故障造成輸電線路故障占所有故障的40%～70%,且雷電繞擊導(dǎo)線率高,行波故障測(cè)距裝置已成為220kV及以上電壓等級(jí)輸電線路的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置。為了提高輸電線路的耐雷水平,線路在經(jīng)過重雷區(qū)、地勢(shì)高處以及站端裝設(shè)避雷器,但是國(guó)內(nèi)外尚未查詢到關(guān)于避雷器動(dòng)作對(duì)雷擊故障行波是否產(chǎn)生影響的分析研究,本文分析了線路避雷器動(dòng)作對(duì)雷擊線路電磁暫態(tài)過程的影響,并從單端行波信息中總結(jié)出去影響規(guī)律。從仿真雷電繞擊導(dǎo)線、雷擊塔頂、雷擊避雷線檔距中央三種情況下,再結(jié)合實(shí)測(cè)雷擊故障數(shù)據(jù)研究分析了雷擊閃絡(luò)或未閃絡(luò)線路避雷器動(dòng)作對(duì)雷擊故障行波的影響,得出不同位置的避雷器動(dòng)作會(huì)使故障行波受到不同程度的影響。避雷器動(dòng)作后時(shí)不僅雷擊故障行波的波頭幅值減小,還使初始行波的波頭下降沿存在轉(zhuǎn)折、突變或者后續(xù)存在振蕩過程等特征,增加了單端行波測(cè)距對(duì)波頭的識(shí)別難度。通過站端采集的波形形態(tài)也可判斷出站端避雷器動(dòng)作,還是沿線避雷器動(dòng)作。對(duì)后期提高線路精確定位、雷擊性質(zhì)辨識(shí)與研究雷電流反演恢復(fù)奠定基礎(chǔ)。依據(jù)避雷器動(dòng)作對(duì)雷擊行波影響特征,采用最小二乘擬合和相關(guān)系數(shù)分析、圖像邊緣檢測(cè)方法結(jié)合馬氏距離可實(shí)現(xiàn)采集到的行波有無避雷器動(dòng)作影響的辨識(shí);若有避雷器動(dòng)作再用小波模極大值、HHT、Hough變換進(jìn)行避雷器距閃絡(luò)點(diǎn)的位置辨識(shí)。避雷器距閃絡(luò)點(diǎn)較遠(yuǎn)時(shí)使波頭后續(xù)呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)振蕩過程,增加了單端測(cè)距對(duì)故障點(diǎn)反射波的辨識(shí)難度,通過采用music頻率估計(jì)算法結(jié)合多分辨小波分解可屏蔽后續(xù)振蕩的影響,有效地辨識(shí)出故障點(diǎn)反射波,即可確定避雷器的位置。確定動(dòng)作避雷器的位置有利于后續(xù)對(duì)避雷器的運(yùn)行維護(hù)及使用壽命估算。
[Abstract]:Transmission lines undertake the task of transmitting electric energy. The topography of the corridor is complex, the climate is changeable, the lightning activities are frequent, the lightning strike fault causes the transmission line fault to account for 40% of all the faults, and the lightning conductor rate is high. Traveling wave fault location device has become the standard configuration of 220kV and above voltage level transmission lines. In order to improve the lightning resistance level of transmission lines, the lines are installed with lightning arresters in heavy mined areas, high terrain and station ends. However, no research has been done at home and abroad on the impact of lightning arrester action on the lightning strike fault traveling wave. In this paper, the influence of lightning arrester action on the electromagnetic transient process of lightning strike line is analyzed, and the law of influence is summarized from the single terminal traveling wave information. In this paper, the influence of lightning flashover or non-flashover line action on the lightning strike fault wave is analyzed from the three conditions of simulating lightning wound conductor, lightning tower top and lightning strike line distance between the three cases, and combining with the measured lightning strike fault data, the lightning arrester action of lightning stroke flashover or non-flashover line is studied and analyzed. It is concluded that the action of arrester at different positions will affect the fault traveling wave to different extent. After the lightning arrester is operated, not only the amplitude of the wave head of the lightning strike fault traveling wave is reduced, but also the initial traveling wave's wave head falls along the turning point, the sudden change or the subsequent oscillation process, etc., which makes it more difficult to identify the wave head by single terminal traveling wave ranging. The action of lightning arrester or the action of lightning arrester along the line can also be determined by the waveform form collected at the station end. It lays a foundation for improving the accurate location of the line, identifying the lightning strike property and researching the restoration of the lightning current inversion in the later stage. According to the characteristics of lightning arrester action on lightning traveling wave, the least square fitting and correlation coefficient analysis are adopted, and the image edge detection method combined with Markov distance can be used to identify whether the lightning arrester action is affected by the collected traveling wave. The location of lightning arrester from the flashover point is identified by using the wavelet modulus maximum and HHT Hough transform if there is a lightning arrester action. When the lightning arrester is far away from the flashover point, the wave head presents an oscillating process, which makes it more difficult to identify the reflected wave of the fault point by single terminal location. The influence of subsequent oscillation can be shielded by using music frequency estimation algorithm combined with multi-resolution wavelet decomposition. The location of the arrester can be determined by effectively identifying the reflected wave at the fault point. Determining the location of the action arrester is beneficial to the operation maintenance and service life estimation of the arrester.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM863

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本文編號(hào)：2227073