【摘要】：光伏發(fā)電具有間歇性和波動性的特點(diǎn),大規(guī)模光伏并網(wǎng)會對電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性造成影響。為了提高光伏的可控能力,本文提出了光伏集群的理念,利用地域上的光照互補(bǔ)能力,從而提高電網(wǎng)對光伏的接納能力,實(shí)現(xiàn)光伏“似常規(guī)能源”控制。本文具有一定的理論意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值,論文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)研究光伏電池的基本特性和原理,建立光伏電池模型,建立光伏電站工程模型,然后研究基于擾動觀察法的光伏發(fā)電最大功率跟蹤方法,通過MATLAB仿真驗(yàn)證方法的可行性,最后通過青海實(shí)際運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù),對光伏模型進(jìn)行仿真。(2)研究光伏電站大規(guī)模接入電網(wǎng)后對電網(wǎng)的影響,分析了光伏電站出力波動對系統(tǒng)頻率的影響。然后研究了光伏電站有功功率控制的原理,并提出了光伏電站有功功率分層控制結(jié)構(gòu),在此基礎(chǔ)上提出多時(shí)間尺度的光伏電站集群有功功率控制原理,對各層控制結(jié)構(gòu)的功能和控制目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了分析。(3)對集群內(nèi)部的光伏電站按照運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和可控能力進(jìn)行分類,將光伏電站劃分為三類。根據(jù)調(diào)度的有功功率調(diào)節(jié)目標(biāo),按照增出力和減出力兩種不同的調(diào)度安排,建立不同的光伏電站序列。然后提出了兩種功率分配方法,將調(diào)度下發(fā)的有功功率進(jìn)行合理分配。一種是限出力條件下比例分配法,此方法簡單易行,另一種是限出力條件下經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)化分配方法,通過遺傳算法多其進(jìn)行計(jì)算。最后通過算例仿真對兩種方案進(jìn)行對比分析,驗(yàn)證控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:Photovoltaic power generation has the characteristics of intermittent and volatility, large-scale photovoltaic grid will affect the stability of the grid. In order to improve the controllable ability of photovoltaic, the idea of photovoltaic cluster is put forward in this paper, which makes use of the complementary ability of illumination in the region, so as to improve the accepting ability of the grid to photovoltaic, and realize the control of photovoltaic "like conventional energy". This paper has some theoretical significance and application value. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) study the basic characteristics and principles of photovoltaic cells, establish photovoltaic cell model, establish photovoltaic power plant engineering model. Then the maximum power tracking method based on disturbance observation method is studied. The feasibility of the method is verified by MATLAB simulation. The photovoltaic model is simulated. (2) the influence of the photovoltaic power station on the power grid after large-scale connection is studied, and the influence of the fluctuation of the output force of the photovoltaic power station on the frequency of the system is analyzed. Then, the principle of active power control in photovoltaic power plant is studied, and the hierarchical control structure of active power in photovoltaic power station is proposed. Based on this, the principle of active power control in PV power plant cluster with multiple time scales is put forward. The functions and control objectives of each layer control structure are analyzed. (3) the photovoltaic power stations in the cluster are classified into three categories according to the operation state and controllable ability. According to the active power regulation target of dispatching, according to the two different scheduling arrangements of increasing power and reducing power, different sequences of photovoltaic power station are established. Then two power allocation methods are proposed to distribute the active power. One is the method of proportional distribution under the condition of limited output, which is simple and feasible, and the other is the method of economic optimization under the condition of limited output, which is calculated by genetic algorithm. Finally, the feasibility of the control strategy is verified by comparing and analyzing the two schemes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM615

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本文編號：2166137